---
_id: '11334'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Hybridization is a common evolutionary process with multiple possible outcomes.
    In vertebrates, interspecific hybridization has repeatedly generated parthenogenetic
    hybrid species. However, it is unknown whether the generation of parthenogenetic
    hybrids is a rare outcome of frequent hybridization between sexual species within
    a genus or the typical outcome of rare hybridization events. Darevskia is a genus
    of rock lizards with both hybrid parthenogenetic and sexual species. Using capture
    sequencing, we estimate phylogenetic relationships and gene flow among the sexual
    species, to determine how introgressive hybridization relates to the origins of
    parthenogenetic hybrids. We find evidence for widespread hybridization with gene
    flow, both between recently diverged species and deep branches. Surprisingly,
    we find no signal of gene flow between parental species of the parthenogenetic
    hybrids, suggesting that the parental pairs were either reproductively or geographically
    isolated early in their divergence. The generation of parthenogenetic hybrids
    in Darevskia is, then, a rare outcome of the total occurrence of hybridization
    within the genus, but the typical outcome when specific species pairs hybridize.
    Our results question the conventional view that parthenogenetic lineages are generated
    by hybridization in a window of divergence. Instead, they suggest that some lineages
    possess specific properties that underpin successful parthenogenetic reproduction.
acknowledgement: "The authors thank A. van der Meijden and F. Ahmadzadeh for providing
  specimens and tissue samples, and A. Vardanyan, C. Corti, F. Jorge, and S. Drovetski
  for support during field work. The authors also thank S. Qiu for assistance with
  python scripting, S. Rocha for her support in BEAST analysis, and B. Wielstra for
  his comments on\r\na previous version of the manuscript. SF was funded by FCT grant
  SFRH/BD/81483/2011 (a PhD individual grant). AMW was funded by the European Union’s
  Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant
  agreement no. 797747. TS acknowledges funding from the Swiss National Science Foundation
  (grants\r\nPP00P3_170627 and 31003A_182495). The work was carried out under financial
  support of the projects “Preserving Armenian biodiversity: Joint Portuguese – Armenian
  program for training in modern conservation biology” of Gulbenkian Foundation (Portugal)
  and PTDC/BIABEC/101256/2008 of Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal)."
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Susana
  full_name: Freitas, Susana
  last_name: Freitas
- first_name: Anja M
  full_name: Westram, Anja M
  id: 3C147470-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Westram
  orcid: 0000-0003-1050-4969
- first_name: Tanja
  full_name: Schwander, Tanja
  last_name: Schwander
- first_name: Marine
  full_name: Arakelyan, Marine
  last_name: Arakelyan
- first_name: Çetin
  full_name: Ilgaz, Çetin
  last_name: Ilgaz
- first_name: Yusuf
  full_name: Kumlutas, Yusuf
  last_name: Kumlutas
- first_name: David James
  full_name: Harris, David James
  last_name: Harris
- first_name: Miguel A.
  full_name: Carretero, Miguel A.
  last_name: Carretero
- first_name: Roger K.
  full_name: Butlin, Roger K.
  last_name: Butlin
citation:
  ama: 'Freitas S, Westram AM, Schwander T, et al. Parthenogenesis in Darevskia lizards:
    A rare outcome of common hybridization, not a common outcome of rare hybridization.
    <i>Evolution</i>. 2022;76(5):899-914. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14462">10.1111/evo.14462</a>'
  apa: 'Freitas, S., Westram, A. M., Schwander, T., Arakelyan, M., Ilgaz, Ç., Kumlutas,
    Y., … Butlin, R. K. (2022). Parthenogenesis in Darevskia lizards: A rare outcome
    of common hybridization, not a common outcome of rare hybridization. <i>Evolution</i>.
    Wiley. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14462">https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14462</a>'
  chicago: 'Freitas, Susana, Anja M Westram, Tanja Schwander, Marine Arakelyan, Çetin
    Ilgaz, Yusuf Kumlutas, David James Harris, Miguel A. Carretero, and Roger K. Butlin.
    “Parthenogenesis in Darevskia Lizards: A Rare Outcome of Common Hybridization,
    Not a Common Outcome of Rare Hybridization.” <i>Evolution</i>. Wiley, 2022. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14462">https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14462</a>.'
  ieee: 'S. Freitas <i>et al.</i>, “Parthenogenesis in Darevskia lizards: A rare outcome
    of common hybridization, not a common outcome of rare hybridization,” <i>Evolution</i>,
    vol. 76, no. 5. Wiley, pp. 899–914, 2022.'
  ista: 'Freitas S, Westram AM, Schwander T, Arakelyan M, Ilgaz Ç, Kumlutas Y, Harris
    DJ, Carretero MA, Butlin RK. 2022. Parthenogenesis in Darevskia lizards: A rare
    outcome of common hybridization, not a common outcome of rare hybridization. Evolution.
    76(5), 899–914.'
  mla: 'Freitas, Susana, et al. “Parthenogenesis in Darevskia Lizards: A Rare Outcome
    of Common Hybridization, Not a Common Outcome of Rare Hybridization.” <i>Evolution</i>,
    vol. 76, no. 5, Wiley, 2022, pp. 899–914, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14462">10.1111/evo.14462</a>.'
  short: S. Freitas, A.M. Westram, T. Schwander, M. Arakelyan, Ç. Ilgaz, Y. Kumlutas,
    D.J. Harris, M.A. Carretero, R.K. Butlin, Evolution 76 (2022) 899–914.
date_created: 2022-04-24T22:01:44Z
date_published: 2022-05-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-03T07:00:28Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: NiBa
- _id: BeVi
doi: 10.1111/evo.14462
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000781632500001'
  pmid:
  - '35323995'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: c27c025ae9afcf6c804d46a909775ee5
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2022-08-05T06:19:28Z
  date_updated: 2022-08-05T06:19:28Z
  file_id: '11729'
  file_name: 2022_Evolution_Freitas.pdf
  file_size: 2855214
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2022-08-05T06:19:28Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        76'
isi: 1
issue: '5'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 899-914
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 265B41B8-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '797747'
  name: Theoretical and empirical approaches to understanding Parallel Adaptation
publication: Evolution
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1558-5646
  issn:
  - 0014-3820
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Parthenogenesis in Darevskia lizards: A rare outcome of common hybridization,
  not a common outcome of rare hybridization'
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by_nc.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)
  short: CC BY-NC (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 76
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '12234'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Hybrid speciation—the origin of new species resulting from the hybridization
    of genetically divergent lineages—was once considered rare, but genomic data suggest
    that it may occur more often than once thought. In this study, Noguerales and
    Ortego found genomic evidence supporting the hybrid origin of a grasshopper that
    is able to exploit a broader range of host plants than either of its putative
    parents.
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Sean
  full_name: Stankowski, Sean
  id: 43161670-5719-11EA-8025-FABC3DDC885E
  last_name: Stankowski
citation:
  ama: 'Stankowski S. Digest: On the origin of a possible hybrid species. <i>Evolution</i>.
    2022;76(11):2784-2785. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14632">10.1111/evo.14632</a>'
  apa: 'Stankowski, S. (2022). Digest: On the origin of a possible hybrid species.
    <i>Evolution</i>. Wiley. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14632">https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14632</a>'
  chicago: 'Stankowski, Sean. “Digest: On the Origin of a Possible Hybrid Species.”
    <i>Evolution</i>. Wiley, 2022. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14632">https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14632</a>.'
  ieee: 'S. Stankowski, “Digest: On the origin of a possible hybrid species,” <i>Evolution</i>,
    vol. 76, no. 11. Wiley, pp. 2784–2785, 2022.'
  ista: 'Stankowski S. 2022. Digest: On the origin of a possible hybrid species. Evolution.
    76(11), 2784–2785.'
  mla: 'Stankowski, Sean. “Digest: On the Origin of a Possible Hybrid Species.” <i>Evolution</i>,
    vol. 76, no. 11, Wiley, 2022, pp. 2784–85, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14632">10.1111/evo.14632</a>.'
  short: S. Stankowski, Evolution 76 (2022) 2784–2785.
date_created: 2023-01-16T09:50:48Z
date_published: 2022-11-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-04T09:35:48Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: NiBa
doi: 10.1111/evo.14632
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000855751600001'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 4c0f05083b414ac0323a1b9ee1abc275
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2023-01-27T11:28:38Z
  date_updated: 2023-01-27T11:28:38Z
  file_id: '12425'
  file_name: 2022_Evolution_Stankowski.pdf
  file_size: 287282
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2023-01-27T11:28:38Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        76'
isi: 1
issue: '11'
keyword:
- General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
- Genetics
- Ecology
- Evolution
- Behavior and Systematics
language:
- iso: eng
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 2784-2785
publication: Evolution
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1558-5646
  issn:
  - 0014-3820
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Digest: On the origin of a possible hybrid species'
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
    (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
  short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 76
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '12247'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Chromosomal inversions have been shown to play a major role in a local adaptation
    by suppressing recombination between alternative arrangements and maintaining
    beneficial allele combinations. However, so far, their importance relative to
    the remaining genome remains largely unknown. Understanding the genetic architecture
    of adaptation requires better estimates of how loci of different effect sizes
    contribute to phenotypic variation. Here, we used three Swedish islands where
    the marine snail Littorina saxatilis has repeatedly evolved into two distinct
    ecotypes along a habitat transition. We estimated the contribution of inversion
    polymorphisms to phenotypic divergence while controlling for polygenic effects
    in the remaining genome using a quantitative genetics framework. We confirmed
    the importance of inversions but showed that contributions of loci outside inversions
    are of similar magnitude, with variable proportions dependent on the trait and
    the population. Some inversions showed consistent effects across all sites, whereas
    others exhibited site-specific effects, indicating that the genomic basis for
    replicated phenotypic divergence is only partly shared. The contributions of sexual
    dimorphism as well as environmental factors to phenotypic variation were significant
    but minor compared to inversions and polygenic background. Overall, this integrated
    approach provides insight into the multiple mechanisms contributing to parallel
    phenotypic divergence.
acknowledgement: We thank everyone who helped with fieldwork, snail processing, and
  DNA extractions, particularly Laura Brettell, Mårten Duvetorp, Juan Galindo, Anne-Lise
  Liabot, Irena Senčić, and Zuzanna Zagrodzka. We also thank Rui Faria and Jenny Larsson
  for their contributions, with inversions and shell shape respectively. KJ was funded
  by the Swedish research council Vetenskapsrådet, grant number 2017-03798. R.K.B.
  and E.K. were funded by the European Research Council (ERC-2015-AdG-693030-BARRIERS).
  R.K.B. was also funded by the Natural Environment Research Council and the Swedish
  Research Council Vetenskapsrådet.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Eva L.
  full_name: Koch, Eva L.
  last_name: Koch
- first_name: Mark
  full_name: Ravinet, Mark
  last_name: Ravinet
- first_name: Anja M
  full_name: Westram, Anja M
  id: 3C147470-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Westram
  orcid: 0000-0003-1050-4969
- first_name: Kerstin
  full_name: Johannesson, Kerstin
  last_name: Johannesson
- first_name: Roger K.
  full_name: Butlin, Roger K.
  last_name: Butlin
citation:
  ama: Koch EL, Ravinet M, Westram AM, Johannesson K, Butlin RK. Genetic architecture
    of repeated phenotypic divergence in Littorina saxatilis evolution. <i>Evolution</i>.
    2022;76(10):2332-2346. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14602">10.1111/evo.14602</a>
  apa: Koch, E. L., Ravinet, M., Westram, A. M., Johannesson, K., &#38; Butlin, R.
    K. (2022). Genetic architecture of repeated phenotypic divergence in Littorina
    saxatilis evolution. <i>Evolution</i>. Wiley. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14602">https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14602</a>
  chicago: Koch, Eva L., Mark Ravinet, Anja M Westram, Kerstin Johannesson, and Roger
    K. Butlin. “Genetic Architecture of Repeated Phenotypic Divergence in Littorina
    Saxatilis Evolution.” <i>Evolution</i>. Wiley, 2022. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14602">https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14602</a>.
  ieee: E. L. Koch, M. Ravinet, A. M. Westram, K. Johannesson, and R. K. Butlin, “Genetic
    architecture of repeated phenotypic divergence in Littorina saxatilis evolution,”
    <i>Evolution</i>, vol. 76, no. 10. Wiley, pp. 2332–2346, 2022.
  ista: Koch EL, Ravinet M, Westram AM, Johannesson K, Butlin RK. 2022. Genetic architecture
    of repeated phenotypic divergence in Littorina saxatilis evolution. Evolution.
    76(10), 2332–2346.
  mla: Koch, Eva L., et al. “Genetic Architecture of Repeated Phenotypic Divergence
    in Littorina Saxatilis Evolution.” <i>Evolution</i>, vol. 76, no. 10, Wiley, 2022,
    pp. 2332–46, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14602">10.1111/evo.14602</a>.
  short: E.L. Koch, M. Ravinet, A.M. Westram, K. Johannesson, R.K. Butlin, Evolution
    76 (2022) 2332–2346.
date_created: 2023-01-16T09:54:15Z
date_published: 2022-10-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-04T09:42:11Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: NiBa
doi: 10.1111/evo.14602
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000848449100001'
  pmid:
  - '35994296'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: defd8a4bea61cf00a3c88d4a30e2728c
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2023-01-30T08:45:35Z
  date_updated: 2023-01-30T08:45:35Z
  file_id: '12439'
  file_name: 2022_Evolution_Koch.pdf
  file_size: 2990581
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2023-01-30T08:45:35Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        76'
isi: 1
issue: '10'
keyword:
- General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
- Genetics
- Ecology
- Evolution
- Behavior and Systematics
language:
- iso: eng
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 2332-2346
pmid: 1
publication: Evolution
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1558-5646
  issn:
  - 0014-3820
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  record:
  - id: '13066'
    relation: research_data
    status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Genetic architecture of repeated phenotypic divergence in Littorina saxatilis
  evolution
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 76
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '8743'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'Montane cloud forests are areas of high endemism, and are one of the more
    vulnerable terrestrial ecosystems to climate change. Thus, understanding how they
    both contribute to the generation of biodiversity, and will respond to ongoing
    climate change, are important and related challenges. The widely accepted model
    for montane cloud forest dynamics involves upslope forcing of their range limits
    with global climate warming. However, limited climate data provides some support
    for an alternative model, where range limits are forced downslope with climate
    warming. Testing between these two models is challenging, due to the inherent
    limitations of climate and pollen records. We overcome this with an alternative
    source of historical information, testing between competing model predictions
    using genomic data and demographic analyses for a species of beetle tightly associated
    to an oceanic island cloud forest. Results unequivocally support the alternative
    model: populations that were isolated at higher elevation peaks during the Last
    Glacial Maximum are now in contact and hybridizing at lower elevations. Our results
    suggest that genomic data are a rich source of information to further understand
    how montane cloud forest biodiversity originates, and how it is likely to be impacted
    by ongoing climate change.'
acknowledgement: 'This work was financed by the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación
  (CGL2017‐85718‐P), awarded to BCE, and co‐financed by FEDER. It was also supported
  by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (EQC2018‐004418‐P),
  awarded to BCE. AS‐C was funded by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación
  y Universidades through an FPU PhD fellowship (FPU014/02948). The authors thank
  Instituto Tecnológico y de Energías Renovables (ITER), S.A for providing access
  to the Teide High‐Performance Computing facility (Teide‐HPC). Fieldwork was supported
  by collecting permit AFF 107/17 (sigma number 2017‐00572) kindly provided by the
  Cabildo of Tenerife. The authors wish to thank the following for field work and
  sample sorting and identification: A. J. Pérez‐Delgado, H. López, and C. Andújar.
  We also thank V. García‐Olivares for assistance with laboratory and bioinformatic
  work.'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Antonia
  full_name: Salces-Castellano, Antonia
  last_name: Salces-Castellano
- first_name: Sean
  full_name: Stankowski, Sean
  id: 43161670-5719-11EA-8025-FABC3DDC885E
  last_name: Stankowski
- first_name: Paula
  full_name: Arribas, Paula
  last_name: Arribas
- first_name: Jairo
  full_name: Patino, Jairo
  last_name: Patino
- first_name: 'Dirk N. '
  full_name: 'Karger, Dirk N. '
  last_name: Karger
- first_name: Roger
  full_name: Butlin, Roger
  last_name: Butlin
- first_name: Brent C.
  full_name: Emerson, Brent C.
  last_name: Emerson
citation:
  ama: Salces-Castellano A, Stankowski S, Arribas P, et al. Long-term cloud forest
    response to climate warming revealed by insect speciation history. <i>Evolution</i>.
    2021;75(2):231-244. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14111">10.1111/evo.14111</a>
  apa: Salces-Castellano, A., Stankowski, S., Arribas, P., Patino, J., Karger, D.
    N., Butlin, R., &#38; Emerson, B. C. (2021). Long-term cloud forest response to
    climate warming revealed by insect speciation history. <i>Evolution</i>. Wiley.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14111">https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14111</a>
  chicago: Salces-Castellano, Antonia, Sean Stankowski, Paula Arribas, Jairo Patino,
    Dirk N.  Karger, Roger Butlin, and Brent C. Emerson. “Long-Term Cloud Forest Response
    to Climate Warming Revealed by Insect Speciation History.” <i>Evolution</i>. Wiley,
    2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14111">https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14111</a>.
  ieee: A. Salces-Castellano <i>et al.</i>, “Long-term cloud forest response to climate
    warming revealed by insect speciation history,” <i>Evolution</i>, vol. 75, no.
    2. Wiley, pp. 231–244, 2021.
  ista: Salces-Castellano A, Stankowski S, Arribas P, Patino J, Karger DN, Butlin
    R, Emerson BC. 2021. Long-term cloud forest response to climate warming revealed
    by insect speciation history. Evolution. 75(2), 231–244.
  mla: Salces-Castellano, Antonia, et al. “Long-Term Cloud Forest Response to Climate
    Warming Revealed by Insect Speciation History.” <i>Evolution</i>, vol. 75, no.
    2, Wiley, 2021, pp. 231–44, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14111">10.1111/evo.14111</a>.
  short: A. Salces-Castellano, S. Stankowski, P. Arribas, J. Patino, D.N. Karger,
    R. Butlin, B.C. Emerson, Evolution 75 (2021) 231–244.
date_created: 2020-11-08T23:01:26Z
date_published: 2021-02-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-04T11:09:49Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: NiBa
doi: 10.1111/evo.14111
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000583190600001'
  pmid:
  - '33078844'
intvolume: '        75'
isi: 1
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: http://hdl.handle.net/10261/223937
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Submitted Version
page: 231-244
pmid: 1
publication: Evolution
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1558-5646
  issn:
  - 0014-3820
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  link:
  - relation: erratum
    url: https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14225
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Long-term cloud forest response to climate warming revealed by insect speciation
  history
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 75
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '9252'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'This paper analyses the conditions for local adaptation in a metapopulation
    with infinitely many islands under a model of hard selection, where population
    size depends on local fitness. Each island belongs to one of two distinct ecological
    niches or habitats. Fitness is influenced by an additive trait which is under
    habitat‐dependent directional selection. Our analysis is based on the diffusion
    approximation and accounts for both genetic drift and demographic stochasticity.
    By neglecting linkage disequilibria, it yields the joint distribution of allele
    frequencies and population size on each island. We find that under hard selection,
    the conditions for local adaptation in a rare habitat are more restrictive for
    more polygenic traits: even moderate migration load per locus at very many loci
    is sufficient for population sizes to decline. This further reduces the efficacy
    of selection at individual loci due to increased drift and because smaller populations
    are more prone to swamping due to migration, causing a positive feedback between
    increasing maladaptation and declining population sizes. Our analysis also highlights
    the importance of demographic stochasticity, which exacerbates the decline in
    numbers of maladapted populations, leading to population collapse in the rare
    habitat at significantly lower migration than predicted by deterministic arguments.'
acknowledgement: We thank the reviewers for their helpful comments, and also our colleagues,
  for illuminating discussions over the long gestation of this paper.
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Eniko
  full_name: Szep, Eniko
  id: 485BB5A4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Szep
- first_name: Himani
  full_name: Sachdeva, Himani
  id: 42377A0A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Sachdeva
- first_name: Nicholas H
  full_name: Barton, Nicholas H
  id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barton
  orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240
citation:
  ama: 'Szep E, Sachdeva H, Barton NH. Polygenic local adaptation in metapopulations:
    A stochastic eco‐evolutionary model. <i>Evolution</i>. 2021;75(5):1030-1045. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14210">10.1111/evo.14210</a>'
  apa: 'Szep, E., Sachdeva, H., &#38; Barton, N. H. (2021). Polygenic local adaptation
    in metapopulations: A stochastic eco‐evolutionary model. <i>Evolution</i>. Wiley.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14210">https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14210</a>'
  chicago: 'Szep, Eniko, Himani Sachdeva, and Nicholas H Barton. “Polygenic Local
    Adaptation in Metapopulations: A Stochastic Eco‐evolutionary Model.” <i>Evolution</i>.
    Wiley, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14210">https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14210</a>.'
  ieee: 'E. Szep, H. Sachdeva, and N. H. Barton, “Polygenic local adaptation in metapopulations:
    A stochastic eco‐evolutionary model,” <i>Evolution</i>, vol. 75, no. 5. Wiley,
    pp. 1030–1045, 2021.'
  ista: 'Szep E, Sachdeva H, Barton NH. 2021. Polygenic local adaptation in metapopulations:
    A stochastic eco‐evolutionary model. Evolution. 75(5), 1030–1045.'
  mla: 'Szep, Eniko, et al. “Polygenic Local Adaptation in Metapopulations: A Stochastic
    Eco‐evolutionary Model.” <i>Evolution</i>, vol. 75, no. 5, Wiley, 2021, pp. 1030–45,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14210">10.1111/evo.14210</a>.'
  short: E. Szep, H. Sachdeva, N.H. Barton, Evolution 75 (2021) 1030–1045.
date_created: 2021-03-20T08:22:10Z
date_published: 2021-05-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-05T15:44:06Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: NiBa
doi: 10.1111/evo.14210
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000636966300001'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: b90fb5767d623602046fed03725e16ca
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: kschuh
  date_created: 2021-08-11T13:39:19Z
  date_updated: 2021-08-11T13:39:19Z
  file_id: '9886'
  file_name: 2021_Evolution_Szep.pdf
  file_size: 734102
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2021-08-11T13:39:19Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        75'
isi: 1
issue: '5'
keyword:
- Genetics
- Ecology
- Evolution
- Behavior and Systematics
- General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 1030-1045
publication: Evolution
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1558-5646
  issn:
  - 0014-3820
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  record:
  - id: '13062'
    relation: research_data
    status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Polygenic local adaptation in metapopulations: A stochastic eco‐evolutionary
  model'
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
    (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
  short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
volume: 75
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '9374'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: If there are no constraints on the process of speciation, then the number
    of species might be expected to match the number of available niches and this
    number might be indefinitely large. One possible constraint is the opportunity
    for allopatric divergence. In 1981, Felsenstein used a simple and elegant model
    to ask if there might also be genetic constraints. He showed that progress towards
    speciation could be described by the build‐up of linkage disequilibrium among
    divergently selected loci and between these loci and those contributing to other
    forms of reproductive isolation. Therefore, speciation is opposed by recombination,
    because it tends to break down linkage disequilibria. Felsenstein then introduced
    a crucial distinction between “two‐allele” models, which are subject to this effect,
    and “one‐allele” models, which are free from the recombination constraint. These
    fundamentally important insights have been the foundation for both empirical and
    theoretical studies of speciation ever since.
acknowledgement: RKB was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NE/P012272/1
  & NE/P001610/1), the European Research Council (693030 BARRIERS), and the Swedish
  Research Council (VR) (2018‐03695). MRS was funded by the National Science Foundation
  (Grant No. DEB1939290).
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Roger K.
  full_name: Butlin, Roger K.
  last_name: Butlin
- first_name: Maria R.
  full_name: Servedio, Maria R.
  last_name: Servedio
- first_name: Carole M.
  full_name: Smadja, Carole M.
  last_name: Smadja
- first_name: Claudia
  full_name: Bank, Claudia
  last_name: Bank
- first_name: Nicholas H
  full_name: Barton, Nicholas H
  id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barton
  orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240
- first_name: Samuel M.
  full_name: Flaxman, Samuel M.
  last_name: Flaxman
- first_name: Tatiana
  full_name: Giraud, Tatiana
  last_name: Giraud
- first_name: Robin
  full_name: Hopkins, Robin
  last_name: Hopkins
- first_name: Erica L.
  full_name: Larson, Erica L.
  last_name: Larson
- first_name: Martine E.
  full_name: Maan, Martine E.
  last_name: Maan
- first_name: Joana
  full_name: Meier, Joana
  last_name: Meier
- first_name: Richard
  full_name: Merrill, Richard
  last_name: Merrill
- first_name: Mohamed A. F.
  full_name: Noor, Mohamed A. F.
  last_name: Noor
- first_name: Daniel
  full_name: Ortiz‐Barrientos, Daniel
  last_name: Ortiz‐Barrientos
- first_name: Anna
  full_name: Qvarnström, Anna
  last_name: Qvarnström
citation:
  ama: Butlin RK, Servedio MR, Smadja CM, et al. Homage to Felsenstein 1981, or why
    are there so few/many species? <i>Evolution</i>. 2021;75(5):978-988. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14235">10.1111/evo.14235</a>
  apa: Butlin, R. K., Servedio, M. R., Smadja, C. M., Bank, C., Barton, N. H., Flaxman,
    S. M., … Qvarnström, A. (2021). Homage to Felsenstein 1981, or why are there so
    few/many species? <i>Evolution</i>. Wiley. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14235">https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14235</a>
  chicago: Butlin, Roger K., Maria R. Servedio, Carole M. Smadja, Claudia Bank, Nicholas
    H Barton, Samuel M. Flaxman, Tatiana Giraud, et al. “Homage to Felsenstein 1981,
    or Why Are There so Few/Many Species?” <i>Evolution</i>. Wiley, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14235">https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14235</a>.
  ieee: R. K. Butlin <i>et al.</i>, “Homage to Felsenstein 1981, or why are there
    so few/many species?,” <i>Evolution</i>, vol. 75, no. 5. Wiley, pp. 978–988, 2021.
  ista: Butlin RK, Servedio MR, Smadja CM, Bank C, Barton NH, Flaxman SM, Giraud T,
    Hopkins R, Larson EL, Maan ME, Meier J, Merrill R, Noor MAF, Ortiz‐Barrientos
    D, Qvarnström A. 2021. Homage to Felsenstein 1981, or why are there so few/many
    species? Evolution. 75(5), 978–988.
  mla: Butlin, Roger K., et al. “Homage to Felsenstein 1981, or Why Are There so Few/Many
    Species?” <i>Evolution</i>, vol. 75, no. 5, Wiley, 2021, pp. 978–88, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14235">10.1111/evo.14235</a>.
  short: R.K. Butlin, M.R. Servedio, C.M. Smadja, C. Bank, N.H. Barton, S.M. Flaxman,
    T. Giraud, R. Hopkins, E.L. Larson, M.E. Maan, J. Meier, R. Merrill, M.A.F. Noor,
    D. Ortiz‐Barrientos, A. Qvarnström, Evolution 75 (2021) 978–988.
date_created: 2021-05-06T04:34:47Z
date_published: 2021-04-19T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-05T15:44:33Z
day: '19'
department:
- _id: NiBa
doi: 10.1111/evo.14235
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000647224000001'
intvolume: '        75'
isi: 1
issue: '5'
keyword:
- Genetics
- Ecology
- Evolution
- Behavior and Systematics
- General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/evo.14235
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 978-988
publication: Evolution
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1558-5646
  issn:
  - 0014-3820
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Homage to Felsenstein 1981, or why are there so few/many species?
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
volume: 75
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '9383'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: A primary roadblock to our understanding of speciation is that it usually
    occurs over a timeframe that is too long to study from start to finish. The idea
    of a speciation continuum provides something of a solution to this problem; rather
    than observing the entire process, we can simply reconstruct it from the multitude
    of speciation events that surround us. But what do we really mean when we talk
    about the speciation continuum, and can it really help us understand speciation?
    We explored these questions using a literature review and online survey of speciation
    researchers. Although most researchers were familiar with the concept and thought
    it was useful, our survey revealed extensive disagreement about what the speciation
    continuum actually tells us. This is due partly to the lack of a clear definition.
    Here, we provide an explicit definition that is compatible with the Biological
    Species Concept. That is, the speciation continuum is a continuum of reproductive
    isolation. After outlining the logic of the definition in light of alternatives,
    we explain why attempts to reconstruct the speciation process from present‐day
    populations will ultimately fail. We then outline how we think the speciation
    continuum concept can continue to act as a foundation for understanding the continuum
    of reproductive isolation that surrounds us.
acknowledgement: We thank M. Garlovsky, S. Martin, C. Cooney, C. Roux, J. Larson,
  and J. Mallet for critical feedback and for discussion. K. Lohse, M. de la Cámara,
  J. Cerca, M. A. Chase, C. Baskett, A. M. Westram, and N. H. Barton gave feedback
  on a draft of the manuscript. O. Seehausen, two anonymous reviewers, and the AE
  (Michael Kopp) provided comments that greatly improved the manuscript. V. Holzmann
  made many corrections to the proofs. G. Bisschop and K. Lohse kindly contributed
  the simulations and analyses presented in Box 3. We would also like to extend our
  thanks to everyone who took part in the speciation survey, which received ethical
  approval through the University of Sheffield Ethics Review Procedure (Application
  029768). We are especially grateful to R. K. Butlin for stimulating discussion throughout
  the writing of the manuscript and for feedback on an earlier draft.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Sean
  full_name: Stankowski, Sean
  id: 43161670-5719-11EA-8025-FABC3DDC885E
  last_name: Stankowski
- first_name: Mark
  full_name: Ravinet, Mark
  last_name: Ravinet
citation:
  ama: Stankowski S, Ravinet M. Defining the speciation continuum. <i>Evolution</i>.
    2021;75(6):1256-1273. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14215">10.1111/evo.14215</a>
  apa: Stankowski, S., &#38; Ravinet, M. (2021). Defining the speciation continuum.
    <i>Evolution</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14215">https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14215</a>
  chicago: Stankowski, Sean, and Mark Ravinet. “Defining the Speciation Continuum.”
    <i>Evolution</i>. Oxford University Press, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14215">https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14215</a>.
  ieee: S. Stankowski and M. Ravinet, “Defining the speciation continuum,” <i>Evolution</i>,
    vol. 75, no. 6. Oxford University Press, pp. 1256–1273, 2021.
  ista: Stankowski S, Ravinet M. 2021. Defining the speciation continuum. Evolution.
    75(6), 1256–1273.
  mla: Stankowski, Sean, and Mark Ravinet. “Defining the Speciation Continuum.” <i>Evolution</i>,
    vol. 75, no. 6, Oxford University Press, 2021, pp. 1256–73, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14215">10.1111/evo.14215</a>.
  short: S. Stankowski, M. Ravinet, Evolution 75 (2021) 1256–1273.
date_created: 2021-05-09T22:01:39Z
date_published: 2021-03-22T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-10-18T08:16:01Z
day: '22'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: NiBa
doi: 10.1111/evo.14215
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000647226400001'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 96f6ccf15d95a4e9f7c0b27eee570fa6
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: kschuh
  date_created: 2022-03-25T12:02:04Z
  date_updated: 2022-03-25T12:02:04Z
  file_id: '10921'
  file_name: 2021_Evolution_Stankowski.pdf
  file_size: 719991
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2022-03-25T12:02:04Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        75'
isi: 1
issue: '6'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 1256-1273
publication: Evolution
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1558-5646
  issn:
  - 0014-3820
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Defining the speciation continuum
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by_nc.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)
  short: CC BY-NC (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 75
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '6680'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: This paper analyzes how partial selfing in a large source population influences
    its ability to colonize a new habitat via the introduction of a few founder individuals.
    Founders experience inbreeding depression due to partially recessive deleterious
    alleles as well as maladaptation to the new environment due to selection on a
    large number of additive loci. I first introduce a simplified version of the Inbreeding
    History Model (Kelly, 2007) in order to characterize mutation‐selection balance
    in a large, partially selfing source population under selection involving multiple
    non‐identical loci. I then use individual‐based simulations to study the eco‐evolutionary
    dynamics of founders establishing in the new habitat under a model of hard selection.
    The study explores how selfing rate shapes establishment probabilities of founders
    via effects on both inbreeding depression and adaptability to the new environment,
    and also distinguishes the effects of selfing on the initial fitness of founders
    from its effects on the long‐term adaptive response of the populations they found.
    A high rate of (but not complete) selfing is found to aid establishment over a
    wide range of parameters, even in the absence of mate limitation. The sensitivity
    of the results to assumptions about the nature of polygenic selection are discussed.
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
author:
- first_name: Himani
  full_name: Sachdeva, Himani
  id: 42377A0A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Sachdeva
citation:
  ama: Sachdeva H. Effect of partial selfing and polygenic selection on establishment
    in a new habitat. <i>Evolution</i>. 2019;73(9):1729-1745. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13812">10.1111/evo.13812</a>
  apa: Sachdeva, H. (2019). Effect of partial selfing and polygenic selection on establishment
    in a new habitat. <i>Evolution</i>. Wiley. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13812">https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13812</a>
  chicago: Sachdeva, Himani. “Effect of Partial Selfing and Polygenic Selection on
    Establishment in a New Habitat.” <i>Evolution</i>. Wiley, 2019. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13812">https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13812</a>.
  ieee: H. Sachdeva, “Effect of partial selfing and polygenic selection on establishment
    in a new habitat,” <i>Evolution</i>, vol. 73, no. 9. Wiley, pp. 1729–1745, 2019.
  ista: Sachdeva H. 2019. Effect of partial selfing and polygenic selection on establishment
    in a new habitat. Evolution. 73(9), 1729–1745.
  mla: Sachdeva, Himani. “Effect of Partial Selfing and Polygenic Selection on Establishment
    in a New Habitat.” <i>Evolution</i>, vol. 73, no. 9, Wiley, 2019, pp. 1729–45,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13812">10.1111/evo.13812</a>.
  short: H. Sachdeva, Evolution 73 (2019) 1729–1745.
date_created: 2019-07-25T09:08:28Z
date_published: 2019-09-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-29T06:43:58Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '576'
department:
- _id: NiBa
doi: 10.1111/evo.13812
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000481300600001'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 772ce7035965153959b946a1033de1ca
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: kschuh
  date_created: 2019-09-17T10:56:27Z
  date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:37Z
  file_id: '6881'
  file_name: 2019_Evolution_Sachdeva.pdf
  file_size: 937573
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:37Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        73'
isi: 1
issue: '9'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 1729-1745
publication: Evolution
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1558-5646
  issn:
  - 0014-3820
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  record:
  - id: '9802'
    relation: research_data
    status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Effect of partial selfing and polygenic selection on establishment in a new
  habitat
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 73
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '1851'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We consider mating strategies for females who search for males sequentially
    during a season of limited length. We show that the best strategy rejects a given
    male type if encountered before a time-threshold but accepts him after. For frequency-independent
    benefits, we obtain the optimal time-thresholds explicitly for both discrete and
    continuous distributions of males, and allow for mistakes being made in assessing
    the correct male type. When the benefits are indirect (genes for the offspring)
    and the population is under frequency-dependent ecological selection, the benefits
    depend on the mating strategy of other females as well. This case is particularly
    relevant to speciation models that seek to explore the stability of reproductive
    isolation by assortative mating under frequency-dependent ecological selection.
    We show that the indirect benefits are to be quantified by the reproductive values
    of couples, and describe how the evolutionarily stable time-thresholds can be
    found. We conclude with an example based on the Levene model, in which we analyze
    the evolutionarily stable assortative mating strategies and the strength of reproductive
    isolation provided by them.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Tadeas
  full_name: Priklopil, Tadeas
  id: 3C869AA0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Priklopil
- first_name: Eva
  full_name: Kisdi, Eva
  last_name: Kisdi
- first_name: Mats
  full_name: Gyllenberg, Mats
  last_name: Gyllenberg
citation:
  ama: Priklopil T, Kisdi E, Gyllenberg M. Evolutionarily stable mating decisions
    for sequentially searching females and the stability of reproductive isolation
    by assortative mating. <i>Evolution</i>. 2015;69(4):1015-1026. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12618">10.1111/evo.12618</a>
  apa: Priklopil, T., Kisdi, E., &#38; Gyllenberg, M. (2015). Evolutionarily stable
    mating decisions for sequentially searching females and the stability of reproductive
    isolation by assortative mating. <i>Evolution</i>. Wiley. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12618">https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12618</a>
  chicago: Priklopil, Tadeas, Eva Kisdi, and Mats Gyllenberg. “Evolutionarily Stable
    Mating Decisions for Sequentially Searching Females and the Stability of Reproductive
    Isolation by Assortative Mating.” <i>Evolution</i>. Wiley, 2015. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12618">https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12618</a>.
  ieee: T. Priklopil, E. Kisdi, and M. Gyllenberg, “Evolutionarily stable mating decisions
    for sequentially searching females and the stability of reproductive isolation
    by assortative mating,” <i>Evolution</i>, vol. 69, no. 4. Wiley, pp. 1015–1026,
    2015.
  ista: Priklopil T, Kisdi E, Gyllenberg M. 2015. Evolutionarily stable mating decisions
    for sequentially searching females and the stability of reproductive isolation
    by assortative mating. Evolution. 69(4), 1015–1026.
  mla: Priklopil, Tadeas, et al. “Evolutionarily Stable Mating Decisions for Sequentially
    Searching Females and the Stability of Reproductive Isolation by Assortative Mating.”
    <i>Evolution</i>, vol. 69, no. 4, Wiley, 2015, pp. 1015–26, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12618">10.1111/evo.12618</a>.
  short: T. Priklopil, E. Kisdi, M. Gyllenberg, Evolution 69 (2015) 1015–1026.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:54:21Z
date_published: 2015-02-09T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-06-07T10:52:37Z
day: '09'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: NiBa
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.1111/evo.12618
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '25662095'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 1e8be0b1d7598a78cd2623d8ee8e7798
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2020-05-15T09:05:34Z
  date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:19Z
  file_id: '7855'
  file_name: 2015_Evolution_Priklopil.pdf
  file_size: 967214
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:19Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        69'
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Submitted Version
page: 1015 - 1026
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 25681D80-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FP7
  grant_number: '291734'
  name: International IST Postdoc Fellowship Programme
publication: Evolution
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1558-5646
  issn:
  - 0014-3820
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
publist_id: '5249'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Evolutionarily stable mating decisions for sequentially searching females and
  the stability of reproductive isolation by assortative mating
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 69
year: '2015'
...
---
_id: '9931'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Gene duplication is important in evolution, because it provides new raw material
    for evolutionary adaptations. Several existing hypotheses about the causes of
    duplicate retention and diversification differ in their emphasis on gene dosage,
    subfunctionalization, and neofunctionalization. Little experimental data exist
    on the relative importance of gene expression changes and changes in coding regions
    for the evolution of duplicate genes. Furthermore, we do not know how strongly
    the environment could affect this importance. To address these questions, we performed
    evolution experiments with the TEM-1 beta lactamase gene in Escherichia coli to
    study the initial stages of duplicate gene evolution in the laboratory. We mimicked
    tandem duplication by inserting two copies of the TEM-1 gene on the same plasmid.
    We then subjected these copies to repeated cycles of mutagenesis and selection
    in various environments that contained antibiotics in different combinations and
    concentrations. Our experiments showed that gene dosage is the most important
    factor in the initial stages of duplicate gene evolution, and overshadows the
    importance of point mutations in the coding region.
acknowledgement: We thank the Functional Genomics Center Zurich for its service in
  generating sequencing data, M. Ackermann and E. Hayden for helpful discussions,
  A. de Visser for comments on earlier versions of this manuscript, and M. Moser for
  help with quantitative PCR. This work was supported by Swiss National Science Foundation
  (grant 315230–129708), as well as through the YeastX project of SystemsX.ch, and
  the University Priority Research Program in Systems Biology at the University of
  Zurich. RD acknowledges support from the Forschungskredit program of the University
  of Zurich. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Riddhiman
  full_name: Dhar, Riddhiman
  last_name: Dhar
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Bergmiller, Tobias
  id: 2C471CFA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Bergmiller
  orcid: 0000-0001-5396-4346
- first_name: Andreas
  full_name: Wagner, Andreas
  last_name: Wagner
citation:
  ama: Dhar R, Bergmiller T, Wagner A. Increased gene dosage plays a predominant role
    in the initial stages of evolution of duplicate TEM-1 beta lactamase genes. <i>Evolution</i>.
    2014;68(6):1775-1791. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12373">10.1111/evo.12373</a>
  apa: Dhar, R., Bergmiller, T., &#38; Wagner, A. (2014). Increased gene dosage plays
    a predominant role in the initial stages of evolution of duplicate TEM-1 beta
    lactamase genes. <i>Evolution</i>. Wiley. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12373">https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12373</a>
  chicago: Dhar, Riddhiman, Tobias Bergmiller, and Andreas Wagner. “Increased Gene
    Dosage Plays a Predominant Role in the Initial Stages of Evolution of Duplicate
    TEM-1 Beta Lactamase Genes.” <i>Evolution</i>. Wiley, 2014. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12373">https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12373</a>.
  ieee: R. Dhar, T. Bergmiller, and A. Wagner, “Increased gene dosage plays a predominant
    role in the initial stages of evolution of duplicate TEM-1 beta lactamase genes,”
    <i>Evolution</i>, vol. 68, no. 6. Wiley, pp. 1775–1791, 2014.
  ista: Dhar R, Bergmiller T, Wagner A. 2014. Increased gene dosage plays a predominant
    role in the initial stages of evolution of duplicate TEM-1 beta lactamase genes.
    Evolution. 68(6), 1775–1791.
  mla: Dhar, Riddhiman, et al. “Increased Gene Dosage Plays a Predominant Role in
    the Initial Stages of Evolution of Duplicate TEM-1 Beta Lactamase Genes.” <i>Evolution</i>,
    vol. 68, no. 6, Wiley, 2014, pp. 1775–91, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12373">10.1111/evo.12373</a>.
  short: R. Dhar, T. Bergmiller, A. Wagner, Evolution 68 (2014) 1775–1791.
date_created: 2021-08-17T09:03:09Z
date_published: 2014-06-03T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-23T14:13:27Z
day: '03'
department:
- _id: CaGu
doi: 10.1111/evo.12373
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '24495000'
intvolume: '        68'
issue: '6'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '06'
oa_version: None
page: 1775-1791
pmid: 1
publication: Evolution
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1558-5646
  issn:
  - 0014-3820
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  record:
  - id: '9932'
    relation: research_data
    status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Increased gene dosage plays a predominant role in the initial stages of evolution
  of duplicate TEM-1 beta lactamase genes
type: journal_article
user_id: 6785fbc1-c503-11eb-8a32-93094b40e1cf
volume: 68
year: '2014'
...
---
_id: '7781'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Males are predicted to compete for reproductive opportunities, with sexual
    selection driving the evolution of large body size and weaponry through the advantage
    they confer for access to females. Few studies have explored potential trade‐offs
    of investment in secondary sexual traits between different components of fitness
    or tested for sexually antagonistic selection pressures. These factors may provide
    explanations for observed polymorphisms in both form and quality of secondary
    sexual traits. We report here an analysis of selection on horn phenotype in a
    feral population of Soay sheep (Ovis aries) on the island of Hirta, St. Kilda,
    Scotland. Soay sheep display a phenotypic polymorphism for horn type with males
    growing either normal or reduced (scurred) horns, and females growing either normal,
    scurred, or no (polled) horns; further variation in size exists within horn morphs.
    We show that horn phenotype and the size of the trait displayed is subject to
    different selection pressures in males and females, generating sexually antagonistic
    selection. Furthermore, there was evidence of a trade‐off between breeding success
    and longevity in normal‐horned males, with both the normal horn type and larger
    horn size being associated with greater annual breeding success but reduced longevity.
    Therefore, selection through lifetime breeding success was not found to act upon
    horn phenotype in males. In females, a negative association of annual breeding
    success within the normal‐horned phenotype did not result in a significant difference
    in lifetime fitness when compared to scurred individuals, as no significant difference
    in longevity was found. However, increased horn size within this group was negatively
    associated with breeding success and longevity. Females without horns (polled)
    suffered reduced longevity and thus reduced lifetime breeding success relative
    the other horn morphs. Our results therefore suggest that trade‐offs between different
    components of fitness and antagonistic selection between the sexes may maintain
    genetic variation for secondary sexual traits within a population.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Matthew Richard
  full_name: Robinson, Matthew Richard
  id: E5D42276-F5DA-11E9-8E24-6303E6697425
  last_name: Robinson
  orcid: 0000-0001-8982-8813
- first_name: Jill G.
  full_name: Pilkington, Jill G.
  last_name: Pilkington
- first_name: Tim H.
  full_name: Clutton-Brock, Tim H.
  last_name: Clutton-Brock
- first_name: Josephine M.
  full_name: Pemberton, Josephine M.
  last_name: Pemberton
- first_name: Loeske E.B.
  full_name: Kruuk, Loeske E.B.
  last_name: Kruuk
citation:
  ama: 'Robinson MR, Pilkington JG, Clutton-Brock TH, Pemberton JM, Kruuk LEB. Live
    fast, die young: Trade-offs between fitness components and sexually antagonistic
    selection on weaponry in soay sheep. <i>Evolution</i>. 2007;60(10):2168-2181.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2006.tb01854.x">10.1111/j.0014-3820.2006.tb01854.x</a>'
  apa: 'Robinson, M. R., Pilkington, J. G., Clutton-Brock, T. H., Pemberton, J. M.,
    &#38; Kruuk, L. E. B. (2007). Live fast, die young: Trade-offs between fitness
    components and sexually antagonistic selection on weaponry in soay sheep. <i>Evolution</i>.
    Wiley. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2006.tb01854.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2006.tb01854.x</a>'
  chicago: 'Robinson, Matthew Richard, Jill G. Pilkington, Tim H. Clutton-Brock, Josephine
    M. Pemberton, and Loeske E.B. Kruuk. “Live Fast, Die Young: Trade-Offs between
    Fitness Components and Sexually Antagonistic Selection on Weaponry in Soay Sheep.”
    <i>Evolution</i>. Wiley, 2007. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2006.tb01854.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2006.tb01854.x</a>.'
  ieee: 'M. R. Robinson, J. G. Pilkington, T. H. Clutton-Brock, J. M. Pemberton, and
    L. E. B. Kruuk, “Live fast, die young: Trade-offs between fitness components and
    sexually antagonistic selection on weaponry in soay sheep,” <i>Evolution</i>,
    vol. 60, no. 10. Wiley, pp. 2168–2181, 2007.'
  ista: 'Robinson MR, Pilkington JG, Clutton-Brock TH, Pemberton JM, Kruuk LEB. 2007.
    Live fast, die young: Trade-offs between fitness components and sexually antagonistic
    selection on weaponry in soay sheep. Evolution. 60(10), 2168–2181.'
  mla: 'Robinson, Matthew Richard, et al. “Live Fast, Die Young: Trade-Offs between
    Fitness Components and Sexually Antagonistic Selection on Weaponry in Soay Sheep.”
    <i>Evolution</i>, vol. 60, no. 10, Wiley, 2007, pp. 2168–81, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2006.tb01854.x">10.1111/j.0014-3820.2006.tb01854.x</a>.'
  short: M.R. Robinson, J.G. Pilkington, T.H. Clutton-Brock, J.M. Pemberton, L.E.B.
    Kruuk, Evolution 60 (2007) 2168–2181.
date_created: 2020-04-30T13:01:47Z
date_published: 2007-05-08T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:15:30Z
day: '08'
doi: 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2006.tb01854.x
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        60'
issue: '10'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa_version: None
page: 2168-2181
publication: Evolution
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0014-3820
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Live fast, die young: Trade-offs between fitness components and sexually antagonistic
  selection on weaponry in soay sheep'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 60
year: '2007'
...
---
_id: '4254'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Chromosomal rearrangements can promote reproductive isolation by reducing
    recombination along a large section of the genome. We model the effects of the
    genetic barrier to gene flow caused by a chromosomal rearrangement on the rate
    of accumulation of postzygotic isolation genes in parapatry. We find that, if
    reproductive isolation is produced by the accumulation in parapatry of sets of
    alleles compatible within but incompatible across species, chromosomal rearrangements
    are far more likely to favor it than classical genetic barriers without chromosomal
    changes. New evidence of the role of chromosomal rearrangements in parapatric
    speciation suggests that postzygotic isolation is often due to the accumulation
    of such incompatibilities. The model makes testable qualitative predictions about
    the genetic signature of speciation.
acknowledgement: "We thank A. Andrés, C. Bartolomé, J. Bertranpetit, F. Calafell,
  B. Charlesworth, D. Charlesworth, F. Depaulis, S. Gavrilets, T. Johnson, P. Keightley,
  M. Kirkpatrik, A. Kondrashov, H. Laayouni, X. Maside, M. Noor, D. Ortiz-Barrientos,\r\nL.
  Rieseberg, and T. Vines for valuable discussion and criticism. The detailed comments
  of B. Charlesworth, D. Charlesworth, and F. Depaulis greatly improved the original
  manuscript. AN is particularly grateful to X. Maside, who was a patient guide through
  the jungle of speciation. This work was supported by the NERC grant GR3/11635 (United
  Kingdom). AN is funded by the Ramón y Cajal Program (Spain)."
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Arcadio
  full_name: Navarro, Arcadio
  last_name: Navarro
- first_name: Nicholas H
  full_name: Barton, Nicholas H
  id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barton
  orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240
citation:
  ama: 'Navarro A, Barton NH. Accumulating postzygotic isolation genes in parapatry:
    a new twist on chromosomal speciation. <i>Evolution; International Journal of
    Organic Evolution</i>. 2003;57(3):447-459. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb01537.x">10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb01537.x</a>'
  apa: 'Navarro, A., &#38; Barton, N. H. (2003). Accumulating postzygotic isolation
    genes in parapatry: a new twist on chromosomal speciation. <i>Evolution; International
    Journal of Organic Evolution</i>. Wiley-Blackwell. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb01537.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb01537.x</a>'
  chicago: 'Navarro, Arcadio, and Nicholas H Barton. “Accumulating Postzygotic Isolation
    Genes in Parapatry: A New Twist on Chromosomal Speciation.” <i>Evolution; International
    Journal of Organic Evolution</i>. Wiley-Blackwell, 2003. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb01537.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb01537.x</a>.'
  ieee: 'A. Navarro and N. H. Barton, “Accumulating postzygotic isolation genes in
    parapatry: a new twist on chromosomal speciation,” <i>Evolution; International
    Journal of Organic Evolution</i>, vol. 57, no. 3. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 447–459,
    2003.'
  ista: 'Navarro A, Barton NH. 2003. Accumulating postzygotic isolation genes in parapatry:
    a new twist on chromosomal speciation. Evolution; International Journal of Organic
    Evolution. 57(3), 447–459.'
  mla: 'Navarro, Arcadio, and Nicholas H. Barton. “Accumulating Postzygotic Isolation
    Genes in Parapatry: A New Twist on Chromosomal Speciation.” <i>Evolution; International
    Journal of Organic Evolution</i>, vol. 57, no. 3, Wiley-Blackwell, 2003, pp. 447–59,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb01537.x">10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb01537.x</a>.'
  short: A. Navarro, N.H. Barton, Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
    57 (2003) 447–459.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:07:52Z
date_published: 2003-03-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-01-23T10:21:57Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb01537.x
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '12703935 '
intvolume: '        57'
issue: '3'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '03'
oa_version: None
page: 447 - 459
pmid: 1
publication: Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0014-3820
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
publist_id: '1840'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Accumulating postzygotic isolation genes in parapatry: a new twist on chromosomal
  speciation'
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 57
year: '2003'
...
---
_id: '4338'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'Mosaic hybrid zones arise when ecologically differentiated taxa hybridize
    across a network of habitat patches. Frequent interbreeding across a small-scale
    patchwork can erode species differences that might have been preserved in a clinal
    hybrid zone. In particular, the rapid breakdown of neutral divergence sets an
    upper limit to the time for which differences at marker loci can persist. We present
    here a case study of a mosaic hybrid zone between the fire-bellied toads Bombina
    bombina and B. variegata (Anura: Discoglossidae) near Apahida in Romania. In our
    20 × 20 km study area, we detected no evidence of a clinal transition but found
    a strong association between aquatic habitat and mean allele frequencies at four
    molecular markers. In particular, pure populations of B. bombina in ponds appear
    to cause massive introgression into the surrounding B. variegata gene pool found
    in temporary aquatic sites. Nevertheless, the genetic structure of these hybrid
    populations was remarkably similar to those of a previously studied transect near
    Pescenica (Croatia), which had both clinal and mosaic features: estimates of heterozygote
    deficit and linkage disequilibrium in each country are similar. In Apahida, the
    observed strong linkage disequilibria should stem from an imperfect habitat preference
    that guides most (but not all) adults into the habitats to which they are adapted.
    In the absence of a clinal structure, the inferred migration rate between habitats
    implies that associations between selected loci and neutral markers should break
    down rapidly. Although plausible selection strengths can maintain differentiation
    at those loci adapting the toads to either permanent or temporary breeding sites,
    the divergence at neutral markers must be transient. The hybrid zone may be approaching
    a state in which the gene pools are homogenized at all but the selected loci,
    not dissimilar from an early stage of sympatric divergence.'
acknowledgement: "We thank G. Mara and T. Galbena for enthusiastic field\r\nassistance,
  A. Hofmann and R. Sieglstetter for access to their\r\nunpublished data, B. Fo¨rg-Brey
  and G. Praetzel for help in\r\nthe lab. Helpful comments on a previous version of
  the man-\r\nuscript were provided by R. Ennos, J. Szymura, F. Balloux,\r\nJ. Bridle,
  L. Kruuk, F. Bonhomme, M. Arnold, and two anon-\r\nymous reviewers. We also thank
  A. Pinggera for providing\r\nthe cover illustration. This work was supported by
  Natural\r\nEnvironment Research Council studentships to THV and TRS\r\nand Deutsche
  Forschungsgemeinschaft grant Nu 51/2-1 to BN."
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Timothy
  full_name: Vines, Timothy
  last_name: Vines
- first_name: S C
  full_name: Kohler, S C
  last_name: Kohler
- first_name: M
  full_name: Thiel, M
  last_name: Thiel
- first_name: Ioan
  full_name: Ghira, Ioan
  last_name: Ghira
- first_name: T R
  full_name: Sands, T R
  last_name: Sands
- first_name: Catriona
  full_name: Maccallum, Catriona
  last_name: Maccallum
- first_name: Nicholas H
  full_name: Barton, Nicholas H
  id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barton
  orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240
- first_name: Beate
  full_name: Nürnberger, Beate
  last_name: Nürnberger
citation:
  ama: Vines T, Kohler SC, Thiel M, et al. On the maintenance of reproductive isolation
    in a mosaic hybrid zone between the toads Bombina bombina and B. variegata. <i>Evolution</i>.
    2003;57(8):1876-1888. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb00595.x">10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb00595.x</a>
  apa: Vines, T., Kohler, S. C., Thiel, M., Ghira, I., Sands, T. R., Maccallum, C.,
    … Nürnberger, B. (2003). On the maintenance of reproductive isolation in a mosaic
    hybrid zone between the toads Bombina bombina and B. variegata. <i>Evolution</i>.
    Wiley-Blackwell. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb00595.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb00595.x</a>
  chicago: Vines, Timothy, S C Kohler, M Thiel, Ioan Ghira, T R Sands, Catriona Maccallum,
    Nicholas H Barton, and Beate Nürnberger. “On the Maintenance of Reproductive Isolation
    in a Mosaic Hybrid Zone between the Toads Bombina Bombina and B. Variegata.” <i>Evolution</i>.
    Wiley-Blackwell, 2003. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb00595.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb00595.x</a>.
  ieee: T. Vines <i>et al.</i>, “On the maintenance of reproductive isolation in a
    mosaic hybrid zone between the toads Bombina bombina and B. variegata,” <i>Evolution</i>,
    vol. 57, no. 8. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 1876–1888, 2003.
  ista: Vines T, Kohler SC, Thiel M, Ghira I, Sands TR, Maccallum C, Barton NH, Nürnberger
    B. 2003. On the maintenance of reproductive isolation in a mosaic hybrid zone
    between the toads Bombina bombina and B. variegata. Evolution. 57(8), 1876–1888.
  mla: Vines, Timothy, et al. “On the Maintenance of Reproductive Isolation in a Mosaic
    Hybrid Zone between the Toads Bombina Bombina and B. Variegata.” <i>Evolution</i>,
    vol. 57, no. 8, Wiley-Blackwell, 2003, pp. 1876–88, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb00595.x">10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb00595.x</a>.
  short: T. Vines, S.C. Kohler, M. Thiel, I. Ghira, T.R. Sands, C. Maccallum, N.H.
    Barton, B. Nürnberger, Evolution 57 (2003) 1876–1888.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:08:20Z
date_published: 2003-08-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-01-23T09:16:43Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb00595.x
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        57'
issue: '8'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '08'
oa_version: None
page: 1876 - 1888
publication: Evolution
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0014-3820
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
publist_id: '1692'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: On the maintenance of reproductive isolation in a mosaic hybrid zone between
  the toads Bombina bombina and B. variegata
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 57
year: '2003'
...
---
_id: '3622'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The extent of genetic variation in fitness and its components and genetic
    variation's dependence on environmental conditions remain key issues in evolutionary
    biology. We present measurements of genetic variation in preadult viability in
    a laboratory-adapted population of Drosophila melanogaster, made at four different
    densities. By crossing flies heterozygous for a wild-type chromosome and one of
    two different balancers (TM1, TM2), we measure both heterozygous (TM1/+, TM2/+)
    and homozygous (+/+) viability relative to a standard genotype (TM1/TM2). Forty
    wild-type chromosomes were tested, of which 10 were chosen to be homozygous viable.
    The mean numbers produced varied significantly between chromosome lines, with
    an estimated between-line variance in loge numbers of 0.013. Relative viabilities
    also varied significantly across chromosome lines, with a variance in loge homozygous
    viability of 1.76 and of loge heterozygous viability of 0.165. The between-line
    variance for numbers emerging increased with density, from 0.009 at lowest density
    to 0.079 at highest. The genetic variance in relative viability increases with
    density, but not significantly. Overall, the effects of different chromosomes
    on relative viability were remarkably consistent across densities and across the
    two heterozygous genotypes (TM1, TM2). The 10 lines that carried homozygous viable
    wild-type chromosomes produced significantly more adults than the 30 lethal lines
    at low density and significantly fewer adults at the highest density. Similarly,
    there was a positive correlation between heterozygous viability and mean numbers
    at low density, but a negative correlation at high density.
acknowledgement: We thank SERC and BBSRC for financial support and R.Miah, G. Geddes,
  and E. Garcia for technical assistance.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Michael
  full_name: Gardner, Michael
  last_name: Gardner
- first_name: Kevin
  full_name: Fowler, Kevin
  last_name: Fowler
- first_name: Linda
  full_name: Patridge, Linda
  last_name: Patridge
- first_name: Nicholas H
  full_name: Barton, Nicholas H
  id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barton
  orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240
citation:
  ama: Gardner M, Fowler K, Patridge L, Barton NH. Genetic variation for preadult
    viability in Drosophila melanogaster. <i>Evolution</i>. 2001;55(8):1609-1620.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2001.tb00680.x">10.1111/j.0014-3820.2001.tb00680.x</a>
  apa: Gardner, M., Fowler, K., Patridge, L., &#38; Barton, N. H. (2001). Genetic
    variation for preadult viability in Drosophila melanogaster. <i>Evolution</i>.
    Wiley-Blackwell. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2001.tb00680.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2001.tb00680.x</a>
  chicago: Gardner, Michael, Kevin Fowler, Linda Patridge, and Nicholas H Barton.
    “Genetic Variation for Preadult Viability in Drosophila Melanogaster.” <i>Evolution</i>.
    Wiley-Blackwell, 2001. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2001.tb00680.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2001.tb00680.x</a>.
  ieee: M. Gardner, K. Fowler, L. Patridge, and N. H. Barton, “Genetic variation for
    preadult viability in Drosophila melanogaster,” <i>Evolution</i>, vol. 55, no.
    8. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 1609–1620, 2001.
  ista: Gardner M, Fowler K, Patridge L, Barton NH. 2001. Genetic variation for preadult
    viability in Drosophila melanogaster. Evolution. 55(8), 1609–1620.
  mla: Gardner, Michael, et al. “Genetic Variation for Preadult Viability in Drosophila
    Melanogaster.” <i>Evolution</i>, vol. 55, no. 8, Wiley-Blackwell, 2001, pp. 1609–20,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2001.tb00680.x">10.1111/j.0014-3820.2001.tb00680.x</a>.
  short: M. Gardner, K. Fowler, L. Patridge, N.H. Barton, Evolution 55 (2001) 1609–1620.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:04:18Z
date_published: 2001-08-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-05-11T13:43:30Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2001.tb00680.x
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '11580020'
intvolume: '        55'
issue: '8'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2680379
month: '08'
oa_version: None
page: 1609 - 1620
pmid: 1
publication: Evolution
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0014-3820
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
publist_id: '2761'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Genetic variation for preadult viability in Drosophila melanogaster
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 55
year: '2001'
...
---
_id: '4265'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The reasons that sex and recombination are so widespread remain elusive. One
    popular hypothesis is that sex and recombination promote adaptation to a changing
    environment. The strongest evidence that increased recombination may evolve because
    recombination promotes adaptation comes from artificially selected populations.
    Recombination rates have been found to increase as a correlated response to selection
    on traits unrelated to recombination in several artificial selection experiments
    and in a comparison of domesticated and nondomesticated mammals. There are, however,
    several alternative explanations for the increase in recombination in such populations,
    including two different evolutionary explanations. The first is that the form
    of selection is epistatic, generating linkage disequilibria among selected loci,
    which can indirectly favor modifier alleles that increase recombination. The second
    is that random genetic drift in selected populations tends to generate disequilibria
    such that beneficial alleles are often found in different individuals; modifier
    alleles that increase recombination can bring together such favorable alleles
    and thus may be found in individuals with greater fitness. In this paper, we compare
    the evolutionary forces acting on recombination in finite populations subject
    to strong selection, To our surprise, we found that drift accounted for the majority
    of selection for increased recombination observed in simulations of small to moderately
    large populations, suggesting that, unless selected populations are large, epistasis
    plays a secondary role in the evolution of recombination.
acknowledgement: "We are grateful to P. Awadalla, T. Lenormand, A. Peters, S. West,
  M. Whitlock, and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on the manuscript.
  Funding was provided by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council\r\n(Canada)
  to SPO, the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France) to SPO, the Darwin
  Trust of Edinburgh to\r\nNHB, and the BBSRC (U.K.) to NHB. "
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Sarah
  full_name: Otto, Sarah
  last_name: Otto
- first_name: Nicholas H
  full_name: Barton, Nicholas H
  id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barton
  orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240
citation:
  ama: Otto S, Barton NH. Selection for recombination in small populations. <i>Evolution;
    International Journal of Organic Evolution</i>. 2001;55(10):1921-1931. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2001.tb01310.x">10.1111/j.0014-3820.2001.tb01310.x</a>
  apa: Otto, S., &#38; Barton, N. H. (2001). Selection for recombination in small
    populations. <i>Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution</i>. Wiley-Blackwell.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2001.tb01310.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2001.tb01310.x</a>
  chicago: Otto, Sarah, and Nicholas H Barton. “Selection for Recombination in Small
    Populations.” <i>Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution</i>. Wiley-Blackwell,
    2001. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2001.tb01310.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2001.tb01310.x</a>.
  ieee: S. Otto and N. H. Barton, “Selection for recombination in small populations,”
    <i>Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution</i>, vol. 55, no. 10.
    Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 1921–1931, 2001.
  ista: Otto S, Barton NH. 2001. Selection for recombination in small populations.
    Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 55(10), 1921–1931.
  mla: Otto, Sarah, and Nicholas H. Barton. “Selection for Recombination in Small
    Populations.” <i>Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution</i>, vol.
    55, no. 10, Wiley-Blackwell, 2001, pp. 1921–31, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2001.tb01310.x">10.1111/j.0014-3820.2001.tb01310.x</a>.
  short: S. Otto, N.H. Barton, Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
    55 (2001) 1921–1931.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:07:56Z
date_published: 2001-10-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-05-10T12:12:32Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2001.tb01310.x
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '11761054'
intvolume: '        55'
issue: '10'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '10'
oa_version: None
page: 1921 - 1931
pmid: 1
publication: Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0014-3820
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
publist_id: '1827'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Selection for recombination in small populations
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 55
year: '2001'
...
---
_id: '4269'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Jerry
  full_name: Coyne, Jerry
  last_name: Coyne
- first_name: Nicholas H
  full_name: Barton, Nicholas H
  id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barton
  orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240
- first_name: Michael
  full_name: Turelli, Michael
  last_name: Turelli
citation:
  ama: Coyne J, Barton NH, Turelli M. Is Wright’s shifting balance process important
    in evolution? <i>Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution</i>. 2000;54(1):306-317.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1554/0014-3820(2000)054[0306:IWSSBP]2.0.CO;2">10.1554/0014-3820(2000)054[0306:IWSSBP]2.0.CO;2</a>
  apa: Coyne, J., Barton, N. H., &#38; Turelli, M. (2000). Is Wright’s shifting balance
    process important in evolution? <i>Evolution; International Journal of Organic
    Evolution</i>. Wiley-Blackwell. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1554/0014-3820(2000)054[0306:IWSSBP]2.0.CO;2">https://doi.org/10.1554/0014-3820(2000)054[0306:IWSSBP]2.0.CO;2</a>
  chicago: Coyne, Jerry, Nicholas H Barton, and Michael Turelli. “Is Wright’s Shifting
    Balance Process Important in Evolution?” <i>Evolution; International Journal of
    Organic Evolution</i>. Wiley-Blackwell, 2000. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1554/0014-3820(2000)054[0306:IWSSBP]2.0.CO;2">https://doi.org/10.1554/0014-3820(2000)054[0306:IWSSBP]2.0.CO;2</a>.
  ieee: J. Coyne, N. H. Barton, and M. Turelli, “Is Wright’s shifting balance process
    important in evolution?,” <i>Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution</i>,
    vol. 54, no. 1. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 306–317, 2000.
  ista: Coyne J, Barton NH, Turelli M. 2000. Is Wright’s shifting balance process
    important in evolution? Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution.
    54(1), 306–317.
  mla: Coyne, Jerry, et al. “Is Wright’s Shifting Balance Process Important in Evolution?”
    <i>Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution</i>, vol. 54, no. 1,
    Wiley-Blackwell, 2000, pp. 306–17, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1554/0014-3820(2000)054[0306:IWSSBP]2.0.CO;2">10.1554/0014-3820(2000)054[0306:IWSSBP]2.0.CO;2</a>.
  short: J. Coyne, N.H. Barton, M. Turelli, Evolution; International Journal of Organic
    Evolution 54 (2000) 306–317.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:07:57Z
date_published: 2000-02-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-04-19T12:48:29Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1554/0014-3820(2000)054[0306:IWSSBP]2.0.CO;2
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '10937209'
intvolume: '        54'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '02'
oa_version: None
page: 306 - 317
pmid: 1
publication: Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0014-3820
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
publist_id: '1821'
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Is Wright’s shifting balance process important in evolution?
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 54
year: '2000'
...
---
_id: '4277'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'Reproductive isolation between two taxa may be due to endogenous selection,
    which is generated by incompatibilities between the respective genomes, to exogenous
    selection, which is generated by differential adaptations to alternative environments,
    or to both. The continuing debate over the relative importance of either mode
    of selection has highlighted the need for unambiguous data on the fitness of hybrid
    genotypes. The hybrid zone between the fire-bellied toad (Bombina bombina) and
    the yellow-bellied toad (B. variegata) in central Europe involves adaptation to
    different environments, but evidence of hybrid dysfunction is equivocal. In this
    study, we followed the development under laboratory conditions of naturally laid
    eggs collected from a transect across the Bombina hybrid zone in Croatia. Fitness
    was significantly reduced in hybrid populations: Egg batches from the center of
    the hybrid zone showed significantly higher embryonic and larval mortality and
    higher frequencies of morphological abnormalities relative to either parental
    type. Overall mortality from day of egg collection to three weeks after hatching
    reached 20% in central hybrid populations, compared to 2% in pure populations.
    There was no significant difference in fitness between two parental types. Within
    hybrid populations, there was considerable variation in fitness, with some genotypes
    showing no evidence of reduced viability. We discuss the implications of these
    findings for our understanding of barriers to gene flow between species.'
acknowledgement: We thank the Perovic family for their generous hospitality in Croatia
  and B.Nurnberger, C.MacCallum, D.Howard, and ananonymous reviewer for comments on
  the manuscript. The work was supported by a Natural Environment Research Council
  studentship to LEBK.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Loeske
  full_name: Kruuk, Loeske
  last_name: Kruuk
- first_name: Jason
  full_name: Gilchrist, Jason
  last_name: Gilchrist
- first_name: Nicholas H
  full_name: Barton, Nicholas H
  id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barton
  orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240
citation:
  ama: Kruuk L, Gilchrist J, Barton NH. Hybrid dysfunction in fire-bellied toads (Bombina).
    <i>Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution</i>. 1999;53(5):1611-1616.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.2307/2640907">10.2307/2640907</a>
  apa: Kruuk, L., Gilchrist, J., &#38; Barton, N. H. (1999). Hybrid dysfunction in
    fire-bellied toads (Bombina). <i>Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution</i>.
    Wiley-Blackwell. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2307/2640907">https://doi.org/10.2307/2640907</a>
  chicago: Kruuk, Loeske, Jason Gilchrist, and Nicholas H Barton. “Hybrid Dysfunction
    in Fire-Bellied Toads (Bombina).” <i>Evolution; International Journal of Organic
    Evolution</i>. Wiley-Blackwell, 1999. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2307/2640907">https://doi.org/10.2307/2640907</a>.
  ieee: L. Kruuk, J. Gilchrist, and N. H. Barton, “Hybrid dysfunction in fire-bellied
    toads (Bombina),” <i>Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution</i>,
    vol. 53, no. 5. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 1611–1616, 1999.
  ista: Kruuk L, Gilchrist J, Barton NH. 1999. Hybrid dysfunction in fire-bellied
    toads (Bombina). Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 53(5),
    1611–1616.
  mla: Kruuk, Loeske, et al. “Hybrid Dysfunction in Fire-Bellied Toads (Bombina).”
    <i>Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution</i>, vol. 53, no. 5,
    Wiley-Blackwell, 1999, pp. 1611–16, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.2307/2640907">10.2307/2640907</a>.
  short: L. Kruuk, J. Gilchrist, N.H. Barton, Evolution; International Journal of
    Organic Evolution 53 (1999) 1611–1616.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:08:00Z
date_published: 1999-10-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-09-06T08:20:03Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.2307/2640907
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '28565554'
intvolume: '        53'
issue: '5'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '10'
oa_version: None
page: 1611 - 1616
pmid: 1
publication: Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0014-3820
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
publist_id: '1811'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Hybrid dysfunction in fire-bellied toads (Bombina)
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 53
year: '1999'
...
---
_id: '3629'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'This paper demonstrates the effect of habitat heterogeneity and a habitat
    preference on the genetic structure of a hybrid zone between the toads Bombina
    bombina and B. variegata (Anura: Discoglossidae); 1613 toads from 85 sites across
    a transect near Pešćenica, Croatia, were scored for five unlinked diagnostic allozyme
    markers. These were found to be largely concordant. Aside from minor systematic
    deviations, there was little variance in allele frequency among loci within sites.
    Yet the allele frequencies did not follow a smooth cline, but formed a mosaic
    in the center, such that neighboring sites could differ markedly in their enzyme
    score. A detailed ecological survey revealed a correlation between this pattern
    and habitat. In keeping with the typical breeding sites of the parental taxa,
    B. bombina-like hybrids were found more often in ponds, whereas B. variegata-like
    hybrids were more common in puddles. In addition, there was significant heterozygote
    deficit (FIS) and strong linkage disequilibrium (R), both of which were stronger
    on the B. bombina side of the transect, and stronger in puddles than ponds. Mark-recapture
    data showed: (1) that the animals disperse beyond the scale of the habitat pattern;
    (2) frequent turn-over of individuals within sites; and (3) nonrandom movement
    between two sites of different habitat type. We conclude that an active habitat
    preference must contribute to the observed association between marker alleles
    and habitat. As a consequence, there is incomplete mixing of the two gene pools,
    which could explain the high level of FIS and R. The asymmetry in these parameters
    may reflect asymmetry in the preference or in the distribution of habitats across
    the zone. We discuss the implications of habitat preference for the dynamics of
    hybrid zones.'
acknowledgement: This work was supported by a NERC studentshipto CJM, by NERC grants
  GR3/9353, GR3/8002, andGR9/1909A to NHB,  and by KBN grant 193/P04/95/09to JMS.
  We are grateful to J. W.Arntzen, L.Kruuk, R. G.Harrison, J. W.Sites, and an anonymous
  reviewer for their comments on the manuscript.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Catriona
  full_name: Maccallum, Catriona
  last_name: Maccallum
- first_name: Beate
  full_name: Nürnberger, Beate
  last_name: Nürnberger
- first_name: Nicholas H
  full_name: Barton, Nicholas H
  id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barton
  orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240
- first_name: Jacek
  full_name: Szymura, Jacek
  last_name: Szymura
citation:
  ama: Maccallum C, Nürnberger B, Barton NH, Szymura J. Habitat preference in the
    Bombina hybrid zone in Croatia. <i>Evolution</i>. 1998;52(1):227-239. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1998.tb05156.x">10.1111/j.1558-5646.1998.tb05156.x</a>
  apa: Maccallum, C., Nürnberger, B., Barton, N. H., &#38; Szymura, J. (1998). Habitat
    preference in the Bombina hybrid zone in Croatia. <i>Evolution</i>. Wiley-Blackwell.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1998.tb05156.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1998.tb05156.x</a>
  chicago: Maccallum, Catriona, Beate Nürnberger, Nicholas H Barton, and Jacek Szymura.
    “Habitat Preference in the Bombina Hybrid Zone in Croatia.” <i>Evolution</i>.
    Wiley-Blackwell, 1998. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1998.tb05156.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1998.tb05156.x</a>.
  ieee: C. Maccallum, B. Nürnberger, N. H. Barton, and J. Szymura, “Habitat preference
    in the Bombina hybrid zone in Croatia,” <i>Evolution</i>, vol. 52, no. 1. Wiley-Blackwell,
    pp. 227–239, 1998.
  ista: Maccallum C, Nürnberger B, Barton NH, Szymura J. 1998. Habitat preference
    in the Bombina hybrid zone in Croatia. Evolution. 52(1), 227–239.
  mla: Maccallum, Catriona, et al. “Habitat Preference in the Bombina Hybrid Zone
    in Croatia.” <i>Evolution</i>, vol. 52, no. 1, Wiley-Blackwell, 1998, pp. 227–39,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1998.tb05156.x">10.1111/j.1558-5646.1998.tb05156.x</a>.
  short: C. Maccallum, B. Nürnberger, N.H. Barton, J. Szymura, Evolution 52 (1998)
    227–239.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:04:20Z
date_published: 1998-02-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-08-26T11:00:17Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1998.tb05156.x
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '28568140'
intvolume: '        52'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '02'
oa_version: None
page: 227 - 239
pmid: 1
publication: Evolution
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0014-3820
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
publist_id: '2754'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Habitat preference in the Bombina hybrid zone in Croatia
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 52
year: '1998'
...
---
_id: '4287'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'We evaluate Sewall Wright''s three-phase "shifting balance" theory of evolution,
    examining both the theoretical issues and the relevant data from nature and the
    laboratory. We conclude that while phases I and II of Wright''s theory (the movement
    of populations from one "adaptive peak" to another via drift and selection) can
    occur under some conditions, genetic drift is often unnecessary for movement between
    peaks. Phase III of the shifting balance, in which adaptations spread from particular
    populations to the entire species, faces two major theoretical obstacles: (1)
    unlike adaptations favored by simple directional selection, adaptations whose
    fixation requires some genetic drift are often prevented from spreading by barriers
    to gene flow; and (2) it is difficult to assemble complex adaptations whose constituent
    parts arise via peak shifts in different demes. Our review of the data from nature
    shows that although there is some evidence for individual phases of the shifting
    balance process, there are few empirical observations explained better by Wright''s
    three-phase mechanism than by simple mass selection. Similarly, artificial selection
    experiments fail to show that selection in subdivided populations produces greater
    response than does mass selection in large populations. The complexity of the
    shifting balance process and the difficulty of establishing that adaptive valleys
    have been crossed by genetic drift make it impossible to test Wright''s claim
    that adaptations commonly originate by this process. In view of these problems,
    it seems unreasonable to consider the shifting balance process as an important
    explanation for the evolution of adaptations. '
acknowledgement: 'We thank the following people for discussion and comments on themanuscript:
  S.Barrett,J. Bull, B.Charlesworth, D.Charlesworth, P. DeVries, S.Gavrilets, J. H.Gillespie,
  R.K.Grosberg, W.G. Hill, A. A.Hoffmann, M.Kirkpatrick, C.H.Langley, R.  C.Lewontin,
  J.B. Mallet, M. Noor, L.Nunney, H. A. Orr, T. Prout, M.Slatkin, J.Spofford, W.Stephan,
  J.  B.  Walsh,  P. Ward, K. Weber, J. Willis, and M.Zwick. We are especially grateful
  to D.J. Futuyma and D.Schemskefor  their exhaustive criticism of the manuscript.
  Needless to say, not all of these reviewers agree with our ideas. This work  was
  supported by National Institutes of Health grant GM50355 to JAC, National Science
  Foundation grant DEB9527808 to MT, and grants from the Darwin Trust of Edinburgh
  and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (GRJI76057,GRIHI09928)
  to NHB.'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Jerry
  full_name: Coyne, Jerry
  last_name: Coyne
- first_name: Nicholas H
  full_name: Barton, Nicholas H
  id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barton
  orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240
- first_name: Michael
  full_name: Turelli, Michael
  last_name: Turelli
citation:
  ama: 'Coyne J, Barton NH, Turelli M. Perspective: A critique of Sewall Wright’s
    shifting balance theory of evolutionight’s shifting balance theory of evolution.
    <i>Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution</i>. 1997;51(3):643-671.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb03650.x">10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb03650.x</a>'
  apa: 'Coyne, J., Barton, N. H., &#38; Turelli, M. (1997). Perspective: A critique
    of Sewall Wright’s shifting balance theory of evolutionight’s shifting balance
    theory of evolution. <i>Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution</i>.
    Wiley-Blackwell. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb03650.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb03650.x</a>'
  chicago: 'Coyne, Jerry, Nicholas H Barton, and Michael Turelli. “Perspective: A
    Critique of Sewall Wright’s Shifting Balance Theory of Evolutionight’s Shifting
    Balance Theory of Evolution.” <i>Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution</i>.
    Wiley-Blackwell, 1997. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb03650.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb03650.x</a>.'
  ieee: 'J. Coyne, N. H. Barton, and M. Turelli, “Perspective: A critique of Sewall
    Wright’s shifting balance theory of evolutionight’s shifting balance theory of
    evolution,” <i>Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution</i>, vol.
    51, no. 3. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 643–671, 1997.'
  ista: 'Coyne J, Barton NH, Turelli M. 1997. Perspective: A critique of Sewall Wright’s
    shifting balance theory of evolutionight’s shifting balance theory of evolution.
    Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 51(3), 643–671.'
  mla: 'Coyne, Jerry, et al. “Perspective: A Critique of Sewall Wright’s Shifting
    Balance Theory of Evolutionight’s Shifting Balance Theory of Evolution.” <i>Evolution;
    International Journal of Organic Evolution</i>, vol. 51, no. 3, Wiley-Blackwell,
    1997, pp. 643–71, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb03650.x">10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb03650.x</a>.'
  short: J. Coyne, N.H. Barton, M. Turelli, Evolution; International Journal of Organic
    Evolution 51 (1997) 643–671.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:08:03Z
date_published: 1997-06-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-08-18T09:48:43Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb03650.x
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '28568586'
intvolume: '        51'
issue: '3'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb03650.x
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 643 - 671
pmid: 1
publication: Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0014-3820
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
publist_id: '1791'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Perspective: A critique of Sewall Wright''s shifting balance theory of evolutionight''s
  shifting balance theory of evolution'
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 51
year: '1997'
...
---
_id: '3636'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'Observations on the means, variances, and covariances of quantitative traits
    across hybrid zones can give information similar to that from Mendelian markers.
    In addition, they can identify particular traits through which the cline is maintained.
    We describe a survey of six traits across the hybrid zone between Bombina bombina
    and Bombina variegata (Amphibia: Discoglossidae) near Pescenica in Croatia. We
    obtained laboratory measuments of the belly pattern, skin thickness, mating call,
    skeletal form, egg size, and the developmental time of tadpoles. Although offspring
    from hybrid populations showed no evidence of reduced viability, a third of the
    F1 families failed completely, irrespective of the direction of the cross. All
    traits differed significantly between the taxa. Clines in belly pattern, skin
    thickness, mating call, and skeletal form were closely concordant with clines
    in four diagnostic enzyme loci. However, the cline in developmental time was displaced
    towards bombina, and the cline in egg size was displaced towards variegata. This
    discordance could be because the traits are not inherited additively or because
    they are subject to different selection pressures. We favor the latter explanation
    in the case of developmental time. We show that moderate selection acting directly
    on a trait suffices to shift its position; rather stronger selection is needed
    to change its width appreciably. Within hybrid populations, there are significant
    associations among quantitative traits, and between traits and enzymes. Phenotypic
    variances also increase in hybrid populations. These observations can be explained
    by linkage disequilibria among the underlying loci. However, the average magnitude
    of the covariance between traits is about half that expected from the linkage
    disequilibria between enzyme loci. The discrepancy is not readily explained by
    nonadditive gene action. This puzzle is now unresolved and calls for further investigation.'
acknowledgement: 'The project would not have been possible without F. Perovic''s extensive
  knowledge of the natural history of the Pegdenica area, and his assistance in the
  field. Particular thanks are due to the Perovie family for their generous hospitality.
  The Croatian Museum of Natural History and the Croatian Ministry of the Environment
  were helpful in granting all the necessary permits. J. Szymura assisted with allozyme
  tech-niques and in sharing unpublished data from his original survey of the area.
  M. Davidson and K. Grant prepared the histological specimens, and G. Patterson volunteered
  time and expertise in X-raying our toads. All members of L. Partridge''s lab generously
  provided us with toad food on a daily basis, in the form of uncountably many spare
  Drosophila. G. Malarky and M. Oh stoically coped with much tedious toad care. We
  thank W. G. Hill, L. Kruuk, D. Rand, J. Szymura, and an anonymous reviewer for helpful
  comments on the manuscript. This research was supported by a grant from the Natural
  Environment Research Council (GR3/8002) to N.B. '
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Beate
  full_name: Nürnberger, Beate
  last_name: Nürnberger
- first_name: Nicholas H
  full_name: Barton, Nicholas H
  id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barton
  orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240
- first_name: Catriona
  full_name: Maccallum, Catriona
  last_name: Maccallum
- first_name: Jason
  full_name: Gilchrist, Jason
  last_name: Gilchrist
- first_name: Michael
  full_name: Appleby, Michael
  last_name: Appleby
citation:
  ama: Nürnberger B, Barton NH, Maccallum C, Gilchrist J, Appleby M. Natural selection
    on quantitative traits in the Bombina hybrid zone. <i>Evolution</i>. 1995;49(6):1224-1238.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1995.tb04449.x">10.1111/j.1558-5646.1995.tb04449.x</a>
  apa: Nürnberger, B., Barton, N. H., Maccallum, C., Gilchrist, J., &#38; Appleby,
    M. (1995). Natural selection on quantitative traits in the Bombina hybrid zone.
    <i>Evolution</i>. Wiley-Blackwell. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1995.tb04449.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1995.tb04449.x</a>
  chicago: Nürnberger, Beate, Nicholas H Barton, Catriona Maccallum, Jason Gilchrist,
    and Michael Appleby. “Natural Selection on Quantitative Traits in the Bombina
    Hybrid Zone.” <i>Evolution</i>. Wiley-Blackwell, 1995. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1995.tb04449.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1995.tb04449.x</a>.
  ieee: B. Nürnberger, N. H. Barton, C. Maccallum, J. Gilchrist, and M. Appleby, “Natural
    selection on quantitative traits in the Bombina hybrid zone,” <i>Evolution</i>,
    vol. 49, no. 6. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 1224–1238, 1995.
  ista: Nürnberger B, Barton NH, Maccallum C, Gilchrist J, Appleby M. 1995. Natural
    selection on quantitative traits in the Bombina hybrid zone. Evolution. 49(6),
    1224–1238.
  mla: Nürnberger, Beate, et al. “Natural Selection on Quantitative Traits in the
    Bombina Hybrid Zone.” <i>Evolution</i>, vol. 49, no. 6, Wiley-Blackwell, 1995,
    pp. 1224–38, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1995.tb04449.x">10.1111/j.1558-5646.1995.tb04449.x</a>.
  short: B. Nürnberger, N.H. Barton, C. Maccallum, J. Gilchrist, M. Appleby, Evolution
    49 (1995) 1224–1238.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:04:22Z
date_published: 1995-12-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-06-27T12:58:02Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1995.tb04449.x
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        49'
issue: '6'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1995.tb04449.x
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 1224 - 1238
publication: Evolution
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0014-3820
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
publist_id: '2747'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Natural selection on quantitative traits in the Bombina hybrid zone
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 49
year: '1995'
...
