@article{1946,
  abstract     = {An ultra-low dose (10-14 M) of opioid peptide [D-Ala2]methionine enkephalinamide (DAMEA) is found to exert an inhibitory effect on the production of reactive oxygen species (respiratory burst) in human neutrophils. The validity of this phenomenon has been verified in a series of studies that comprised 30 experiments. The inhibition has proved to be statistically significant (P<0.001). The dose-response dependence of the effect (10-15-10-9 M) followed a characteristic biphasic pattern (with the maximum effect at ultra-low doses). An opioid antagonist, naloxone partially blocks the inhibitory effect, which indicates that the DAMEA action is at least partially mediated by opioid receptors.},
  author       = {Zaǐtsev, Sergei and Sazanov, Leonid A and Koshkin, Aleksei and Sud'Ina, Galina and Varfolomeev, Sergei},
  issn         = {0014-2956},
  journal      = {FEBS Letters},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {84 -- 86},
  publisher    = {Elsevier},
  title        = {{Respiratory burst inhibition in human neutrophils by ultra-low doses of [D-Ala2] methionine enkephalinamide}},
  doi          = {10.1016/0014-5793(91)81109-L},
  volume       = {291},
  year         = {1991},
}

@article{2481,
  abstract     = {The family of mammalian tachykinin receptors consists of substance P receptor (SPR), neuromedin K receptor (NKR) and substance K receptor (SKR). In this investigation, tissue and regional distributions of the mRNAs for the three rat tachykinin receptors were investigated by blot-hybridization and RNase-protection analyses using the previously cloned receptor cDNAs. SPR mRNA is widely distributed in both the nervous system and peripheral tissues and is expressed abundantly in the hypothalamus and olfactory buld, as well as in the urinary bladder, salivary glands and small and large intestines. In contrast, NKR mRNA is predominantly expressed in the nervous system, particularly in the cortex, hypothalamus and cerebellum, whereas SKR mRNA expression is restricted to the peripheral tissues, being abundant in the urinary bladder, large intestine, stomach and adenal glands. Thus, the mRNAs for the three tachykinin receptors show distinct patterns of expression between the nervous system and peripheral tissues. Blot-hybridization analysis in combination with S1 nuclease protection and primer-extension analyses revealed that there are two large forms of SKR mRNA expressed commonly in the peripheral tissues, and two additional small forms of the mRNA expressed specifically in the adrenal gland and eye. These analyses also showed that the multiple forms of SKR mRNA differ in the lengths of the 5' mRNA portions, and that the two small forms of the mRNA, if translated, encode a truncated SKR polypeptide lacking the first two transmembrane domains. This investigation thus provides the comprehensive analysis of the distribution and mode of expression of the mRNAs for the multiple peptide receptors and offers a new basis on which to interpret the diverse functions of multiple tachykinin peptides in the CNS and peripheral tissues.},
  author       = {Tsuchida, Kunihiro and Shigemoto, Ryuichi and Yokota, Yoshifumi and Nakanishi, Shigetada},
  issn         = {1432-1033},
  journal      = {European Journal of Biochemistry},
  number       = {3},
  pages        = {751 -- 757},
  publisher    = {Wiley-Blackwell},
  title        = {{Tissue distribution and quantitation of the mRNAs for three rat tachykinin receptors}},
  doi          = {10.1111/j.1432-1033.1990.tb19396.x},
  volume       = {193},
  year         = {1990},
}