---
_id: '3456'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: L-a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate receptors (AMPARs) and
    N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are the two major types of postsynaptic
    glutamate receptors (GluRs) that mediate excitatory synaptic transmission in the
    mammalian central nervous system (CNS). Both AMPARs and NMDARs are multimeric
    proteins, probably tetramers, formed by a variety of molecularly distinct subunits.
    AMPARs can be assembled from four types of subunits, termed GIuR-A, -B, -C, and
    -D (or, in an alternative nomenclature, G1uR1, G1uR2, GluR3, and G1uR4). Additional
    molecular diversity of AMPARs is generated by alternative splicing of the flip-flop
    module and RNA editing at the Q/R and R/G site. NMDARs are heteromers primarily
    assembled from NR1 subunits and NR2A, B, C, or D subunits. Various splice variants
    have been identified for the NR1 subunit, and a new NR3 subunit has been discovered
    recently. Considering all combinatorial possibilities, the molecular diversity
    of glutamate-receptor channels is considerable (HOLLMANN, this volume).
alternative_title:
- Handbook of experimental pharmacology
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Hannah
  full_name: Monyer, Hannah
  last_name: Monyer
- first_name: Peter M
  full_name: Jonas, Peter M
  id: 353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Jonas
  orcid: 0000-0001-5001-4804
- first_name: Jean
  full_name: Rossier, Jean
  last_name: Rossier
citation:
  ama: 'Monyer H, Jonas PM, Rossier J. Molecular determinants controlling functional
    properties of AMPARs and NMDARs in the mammalian CNS. In: Jonas PM, Monyer H,
    eds. <i>Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors in the CNS</i>. Vol 141. Springer; 1999:309-339.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08022-1_9">10.1007/978-3-662-08022-1_9</a>'
  apa: Monyer, H., Jonas, P. M., &#38; Rossier, J. (1999). Molecular determinants
    controlling functional properties of AMPARs and NMDARs in the mammalian CNS. In
    P. M. Jonas &#38; H. Monyer (Eds.), <i>Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors in the CNS</i>
    (Vol. 141, pp. 309–339). Springer. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08022-1_9">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08022-1_9</a>
  chicago: Monyer, Hannah, Peter M Jonas, and Jean Rossier. “Molecular Determinants
    Controlling Functional Properties of AMPARs and NMDARs in the Mammalian CNS.”
    In <i>Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors in the CNS</i>, edited by Peter M Jonas and
    Hannah Monyer, 141:309–39. Springer, 1999. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08022-1_9">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08022-1_9</a>.
  ieee: H. Monyer, P. M. Jonas, and J. Rossier, “Molecular determinants controlling
    functional properties of AMPARs and NMDARs in the mammalian CNS,” in <i>Ionotropic
    Glutamate Receptors in the CNS</i>, vol. 141, P. M. Jonas and H. Monyer, Eds.
    Springer, 1999, pp. 309–339.
  ista: 'Monyer H, Jonas PM, Rossier J. 1999.Molecular determinants controlling functional
    properties of AMPARs and NMDARs in the mammalian CNS. In: Ionotropic Glutamate
    Receptors in the CNS. Handbook of experimental pharmacology, vol. 141, 309–339.'
  mla: Monyer, Hannah, et al. “Molecular Determinants Controlling Functional Properties
    of AMPARs and NMDARs in the Mammalian CNS.” <i>Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors
    in the CNS</i>, edited by Peter M Jonas and Hannah Monyer, vol. 141, Springer,
    1999, pp. 309–39, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08022-1_9">10.1007/978-3-662-08022-1_9</a>.
  short: H. Monyer, P.M. Jonas, J. Rossier, in:, P.M. Jonas, H. Monyer (Eds.), Ionotropic
    Glutamate Receptors in the CNS, Springer, 1999, pp. 309–339.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:03:25Z
date_published: 1999-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-09-07T13:30:23Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1007/978-3-662-08022-1_9
editor:
- first_name: Peter M
  full_name: Jonas, Peter M
  id: 353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Jonas
  orcid: 0000-0001-5001-4804
- first_name: Hannah
  full_name: Monyer, Hannah
  last_name: Monyer
extern: '1'
intvolume: '       141'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: 309 - 339
publication: Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors in the CNS
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - '9783642085390'
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
publist_id: '2931'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Molecular determinants controlling functional properties of AMPARs and NMDARs
  in the mammalian CNS
type: book_chapter
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 141
year: '1999'
...
---
_id: '3457'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Principal neurons and interneurons are the two main classes of cells in cortical
    neuronal networks. Principal neurons (granule cells or pyramidal neurons) have
    transregional axonal projections and release glutamate onto their postsynaptic
    target cells. In contrast, interneurons have local, but often extensive, axonal
    arborizations and use γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) as a transmitter. Although interneurons
    represent only approximately 10% of the neuronal population, they control the
    electrical activity of the entire network (FREUND and BUZSÁKI 1996). Interneurons
    forming inhibitory synapses on the somata or axon initial segments of their postsynaptic
    target cells are thought to set the threshold of action potential initiation (MILES
    et al. 1996) and can synchronize the collective activities of large principal
    neuron ensembles (COBB et al. 1995). In contrast, interneurons establishing inhibitory
    synapses mainly on dendrites could suppress dendritic Na+ or Ca2+ spikes (BUZSÁKI
    et al. 1996; MILES et al. 1996) and, thus, regulate plasticity at glutamatergic
    synapses in the cortex (DAVIES et al.1991).
alternative_title:
- Handbook of experimental pharmacology
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Jörg
  full_name: Geiger, Jörg
  last_name: Geiger
- first_name: Arnd
  full_name: Roth, Arnd
  last_name: Roth
- first_name: Birol
  full_name: Taskin, Birol
  last_name: Taskin
- first_name: Peter M
  full_name: Jonas, Peter M
  id: 353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Jonas
  orcid: 0000-0001-5001-4804
citation:
  ama: 'Geiger J, Roth A, Taskin B, Jonas PM. Glutamate-mediated synaptic excitation
    of cortical interneurons. In: Monyer H, Jonas PM, eds. <i>Ionotropic Glutamate
    Receptors in the CNS</i>. Vol 141. Springer; 1999:363-398. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08022-1_11">10.1007/978-3-662-08022-1_11</a>'
  apa: Geiger, J., Roth, A., Taskin, B., &#38; Jonas, P. M. (1999). Glutamate-mediated
    synaptic excitation of cortical interneurons. In H. Monyer &#38; P. M. Jonas (Eds.),
    <i>Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors in the CNS</i> (Vol. 141, pp. 363–398). Springer.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08022-1_11">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08022-1_11</a>
  chicago: Geiger, Jörg, Arnd Roth, Birol Taskin, and Peter M Jonas. “Glutamate-Mediated
    Synaptic Excitation of Cortical Interneurons.” In <i>Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors
    in the CNS</i>, edited by Hannah Monyer and Peter M Jonas, 141:363–98. Springer,
    1999. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08022-1_11">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08022-1_11</a>.
  ieee: J. Geiger, A. Roth, B. Taskin, and P. M. Jonas, “Glutamate-mediated synaptic
    excitation of cortical interneurons,” in <i>Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors in
    the CNS</i>, vol. 141, H. Monyer and P. M. Jonas, Eds. Springer, 1999, pp. 363–398.
  ista: 'Geiger J, Roth A, Taskin B, Jonas PM. 1999.Glutamate-mediated synaptic excitation
    of cortical interneurons. In: Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors in the CNS. Handbook
    of experimental pharmacology, vol. 141, 363–398.'
  mla: Geiger, Jörg, et al. “Glutamate-Mediated Synaptic Excitation of Cortical Interneurons.”
    <i>Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors in the CNS</i>, edited by Hannah Monyer and
    Peter M Jonas, vol. 141, Springer, 1999, pp. 363–98, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08022-1_11">10.1007/978-3-662-08022-1_11</a>.
  short: J. Geiger, A. Roth, B. Taskin, P.M. Jonas, in:, H. Monyer, P.M. Jonas (Eds.),
    Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors in the CNS, Springer, 1999, pp. 363–398.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:03:26Z
date_published: 1999-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-09-07T13:25:46Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1007/978-3-662-08022-1_11
editor:
- first_name: Hannah
  full_name: Monyer, Hannah
  last_name: Monyer
- first_name: Peter M
  full_name: Jonas, Peter M
  id: 353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Jonas
  orcid: 0000-0001-5001-4804
extern: '1'
intvolume: '       141'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: 363 - 398
publication: Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors in the CNS
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - '9783642085390'
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
publist_id: '2930'
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Glutamate-mediated synaptic excitation of cortical interneurons
type: book_chapter
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 141
year: '1999'
...