---
_id: '11803'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We present the first fully dynamic algorithm for maintaining a minimum spanning
    tree in time o(√n) per operation. To be precise, the algorithm uses O(n 1/3 log
    n) amortized time per update operation. The algorithm is fairly simple and deterministic.
    An immediate consequence is the first fully dynamic deterministic algorithm for
    maintaining connectivity and, bipartiteness in amortized time O(n 1/3 log n) per
    update, with O(1) worst case time per query.
alternative_title:
- LNCS
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Monika H
  full_name: Henzinger, Monika H
  id: 540c9bbd-f2de-11ec-812d-d04a5be85630
  last_name: Henzinger
  orcid: 0000-0002-5008-6530
- first_name: Valerie
  full_name: King, Valerie
  last_name: King
citation:
  ama: 'Henzinger MH, King V. Maintaining minimum spanning trees in dynamic graphs.
    In: <i>24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming</i>.
    Vol 1256. Springer Nature; 1997:594–604. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63165-8_214">10.1007/3-540-63165-8_214</a>'
  apa: 'Henzinger, M. H., &#38; King, V. (1997). Maintaining minimum spanning trees
    in dynamic graphs. In <i>24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages
    and Programming</i> (Vol. 1256, pp. 594–604). Bologna, Italy: Springer Nature.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63165-8_214">https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63165-8_214</a>'
  chicago: Henzinger, Monika H, and Valerie King. “Maintaining Minimum Spanning Trees
    in Dynamic Graphs.” In <i>24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages
    and Programming</i>, 1256:594–604. Springer Nature, 1997. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63165-8_214">https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63165-8_214</a>.
  ieee: M. H. Henzinger and V. King, “Maintaining minimum spanning trees in dynamic
    graphs,” in <i>24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming</i>,
    Bologna, Italy, 1997, vol. 1256, pp. 594–604.
  ista: 'Henzinger MH, King V. 1997. Maintaining minimum spanning trees in dynamic
    graphs. 24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming.
    ICALP: International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming, LNCS,
    vol. 1256, 594–604.'
  mla: Henzinger, Monika H., and Valerie King. “Maintaining Minimum Spanning Trees
    in Dynamic Graphs.” <i>24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and
    Programming</i>, vol. 1256, Springer Nature, 1997, pp. 594–604, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63165-8_214">10.1007/3-540-63165-8_214</a>.
  short: M.H. Henzinger, V. King, in:, 24th International Colloquium on Automata,
    Languages and Programming, Springer Nature, 1997, pp. 594–604.
conference:
  end_date: 1997-07-11
  location: Bologna, Italy
  name: 'ICALP: International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming'
  start_date: 1997-07-07
date_created: 2022-08-11T13:35:06Z
date_published: 1997-07-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-14T07:49:03Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1007/3-540-63165-8_214
extern: '1'
intvolume: '      1256'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '07'
oa_version: None
page: 594–604
publication: 24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming
publication_identifier:
  eisbn:
  - '9783540691945'
  eissn:
  - 1611-3349
  isbn:
  - '9783540631651'
  issn:
  - 0302-9743
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Maintaining minimum spanning trees in dynamic graphs
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 1256
year: '1997'
...
---
_id: '4441'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Rectangular hybrid automata model digital control programs of analog plant
    environments. We study rectangular hybrid automata where the plant state evolves
    continuously in real-numbered time, and the controller samples the plant state
    and changes the control state discretely, only at the integer points in time.
    We prove that rectangular hybrid automata have finite bisimilarity quotients when
    all control transitions happen at integer times, even if the constraints on the
    derivatives of the variables vary between control states. This is sharply in contrast
    with the conventional model where control transitions may happen at any real time,
    and already the reachability problem is undecidable. Based on the finite bisimilarity
    quotients, we give an exponential algorithm for the symbolic sampling-controller
    synthesis of rectangular automata. We show our algorithm to be optimal by proving
    the problem to be EXPTIME-hard. We also show that rectangular automata form a
    maximal class of systems for which the sampling-controller synthesis problem can
    be solved algorithmically.
acknowledgement: This research was supported in part by the ONR YIP award N00014-95-1-0520,
  by the NSF CAREER award CCR-9501708, by the NSF grant CCR-9504469, by the AFOSR
  contract F49620-93-1-0056, by the ARO MURI contract DAAH-04-96-1-0341, by the ARO
  contract DAAL03-91-C-0027 through the MSI at Cornell University, by the ARPA grant
  NAG2-892, and by the SRC contract 95-DC-324.036.
alternative_title:
- LNCS
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Thomas A
  full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A
  id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Henzinger
  orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724
- first_name: Peter
  full_name: Kopke, Peter
  last_name: Kopke
citation:
  ama: 'Henzinger TA, Kopke P. Discrete-time control for rectangular hybrid automata.
    In: <i>Proceedings of the 24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages
    and Programming</i>. Vol 1256. Springer; 1997:582-593. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63165-8_213">10.1007/3-540-63165-8_213</a>'
  apa: 'Henzinger, T. A., &#38; Kopke, P. (1997). Discrete-time control for rectangular
    hybrid automata. In <i>Proceedings of the 24th International Colloquium on Automata,
    Languages and Programming</i> (Vol. 1256, pp. 582–593). Bologna, Italy: Springer.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63165-8_213">https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63165-8_213</a>'
  chicago: Henzinger, Thomas A, and Peter Kopke. “Discrete-Time Control for Rectangular
    Hybrid Automata.” In <i>Proceedings of the 24th International Colloquium on Automata,
    Languages and Programming</i>, 1256:582–93. Springer, 1997. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63165-8_213">https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63165-8_213</a>.
  ieee: T. A. Henzinger and P. Kopke, “Discrete-time control for rectangular hybrid
    automata,” in <i>Proceedings of the 24th International Colloquium on Automata,
    Languages and Programming</i>, Bologna, Italy, 1997, vol. 1256, pp. 582–593.
  ista: 'Henzinger TA, Kopke P. 1997. Discrete-time control for rectangular hybrid
    automata. Proceedings of the 24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages
    and Programming. ICALP: Automata, Languages and Programming, LNCS, vol. 1256,
    582–593.'
  mla: Henzinger, Thomas A., and Peter Kopke. “Discrete-Time Control for Rectangular
    Hybrid Automata.” <i>Proceedings of the 24th International Colloquium on Automata,
    Languages and Programming</i>, vol. 1256, Springer, 1997, pp. 582–93, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63165-8_213">10.1007/3-540-63165-8_213</a>.
  short: T.A. Henzinger, P. Kopke, in:, Proceedings of the 24th International Colloquium
    on Automata, Languages and Programming, Springer, 1997, pp. 582–593.
conference:
  end_date: 1997-07-11
  location: Bologna, Italy
  name: 'ICALP: Automata, Languages and Programming'
  start_date: 1997-07-07
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:08:52Z
date_published: 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-08-17T12:04:15Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1007/3-540-63165-8_213
extern: '1'
intvolume: '      1256'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: 582 - 593
publication: Proceedings of the 24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages
  and Programming
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - '9783540631651'
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
publist_id: '289'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Discrete-time control for rectangular hybrid automata
type: conference
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 1256
year: '1997'
...
