---
_id: '5967'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "The Big Match is a multi-stage two-player game. In each stage Player 1 hides
    one or two pebbles in his hand, and his opponent has to guess that number; Player
    1 loses a point if Player 2 is correct, and otherwise he wins a point. As soon
    as Player 1 hides one pebble, the players cannot change their choices in any future
    stage.\r\nBlackwell and Ferguson (1968) give an ε-optimal strategy for Player
    1 that hides, in each stage, one pebble with a probability that depends on the
    entire past history. Any strategy that depends just on the clock or on a finite
    memory is worthless. The long-standing natural open problem has been whether every
    strategy that depends just on the clock and a finite memory is worthless. We prove
    that there is such a strategy that is ε-optimal. In fact, we show that just two
    states of memory are sufficient.\r\n"
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Kristoffer Arnsfelt
  full_name: Hansen, Kristoffer Arnsfelt
  last_name: Hansen
- first_name: Rasmus
  full_name: Ibsen-Jensen, Rasmus
  id: 3B699956-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Ibsen-Jensen
  orcid: 0000-0003-4783-0389
- first_name: Abraham
  full_name: Neyman, Abraham
  last_name: Neyman
citation:
  ama: 'Hansen KA, Ibsen-Jensen R, Neyman A. The Big Match with a clock and a bit
    of memory. In: <i>Proceedings of the 2018 ACM Conference on Economics and Computation 
    - EC ’18</i>. ACM Press; 2018:149-150. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3219166.3219198">10.1145/3219166.3219198</a>'
  apa: 'Hansen, K. A., Ibsen-Jensen, R., &#38; Neyman, A. (2018). The Big Match with
    a clock and a bit of memory. In <i>Proceedings of the 2018 ACM Conference on Economics
    and Computation  - EC ’18</i> (pp. 149–150). Ithaca, NY, United States: ACM Press.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3219166.3219198">https://doi.org/10.1145/3219166.3219198</a>'
  chicago: Hansen, Kristoffer Arnsfelt, Rasmus Ibsen-Jensen, and Abraham Neyman. “The
    Big Match with a Clock and a Bit of Memory.” In <i>Proceedings of the 2018 ACM
    Conference on Economics and Computation  - EC ’18</i>, 149–50. ACM Press, 2018.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3219166.3219198">https://doi.org/10.1145/3219166.3219198</a>.
  ieee: K. A. Hansen, R. Ibsen-Jensen, and A. Neyman, “The Big Match with a clock
    and a bit of memory,” in <i>Proceedings of the 2018 ACM Conference on Economics
    and Computation  - EC ’18</i>, Ithaca, NY, United States, 2018, pp. 149–150.
  ista: 'Hansen KA, Ibsen-Jensen R, Neyman A. 2018. The Big Match with a clock and
    a bit of memory. Proceedings of the 2018 ACM Conference on Economics and Computation 
    - EC ’18. EC: Conference on Economics and Computation, 149–150.'
  mla: Hansen, Kristoffer Arnsfelt, et al. “The Big Match with a Clock and a Bit of
    Memory.” <i>Proceedings of the 2018 ACM Conference on Economics and Computation 
    - EC ’18</i>, ACM Press, 2018, pp. 149–50, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3219166.3219198">10.1145/3219166.3219198</a>.
  short: K.A. Hansen, R. Ibsen-Jensen, A. Neyman, in:, Proceedings of the 2018 ACM
    Conference on Economics and Computation  - EC ’18, ACM Press, 2018, pp. 149–150.
conference:
  end_date: 2018-06-22
  location: Ithaca, NY, United States
  name: 'EC: Conference on Economics and Computation'
  start_date: 2018-06-18
date_created: 2019-02-13T10:31:41Z
date_published: 2018-06-18T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-19T10:45:15Z
day: '18'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.1145/3219166.3219198
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000492755100020'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: bb52683e349cfd864f4769a8f38f2798
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2019-11-19T08:24:24Z
  date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:14Z
  file_id: '7054'
  file_name: 2018_EC18_Hansen.pdf
  file_size: 302539
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:14Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Submitted Version
page: 149-150
publication: Proceedings of the 2018 ACM Conference on Economics and Computation  -
  EC '18
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - '9781450358293'
publication_status: published
publisher: ACM Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: The Big Match with a clock and a bit of memory
type: conference
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2018'
...