---
_id: '6890'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Describing the protein interactions that form pleomorphic and asymmetric viruses
    represents a considerable challenge to most structural biology techniques, including
    X-ray crystallography and single particle cryo-electron microscopy. Obtaining
    a detailed understanding of these interactions is nevertheless important, considering
    the number of relevant human pathogens that do not follow strict icosahedral or
    helical symmetry. Cryo-electron tomography and subtomogram averaging methods provide
    structural insights into complex biological environments and are well suited to
    go beyond structures of perfectly symmetric viruses. This chapter discusses recent
    developments showing that cryo-ET and subtomogram averaging can provide high-resolution
    insights into hitherto unknown structural features of pleomorphic and asymmetric
    virus particles. It also describes how these methods have significantly added
    to our understanding of retrovirus capsid assemblies in immature and mature viruses.
    Additional examples of irregular viruses and their associated proteins, whose
    structures have been studied via cryo-ET and subtomogram averaging, further support
    the versatility of these methods.
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Martin
  full_name: Obr, Martin
  id: 4741CA5A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Obr
  orcid: 0000-0003-1756-6564
- first_name: Florian KM
  full_name: Schur, Florian KM
  id: 48AD8942-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Schur
  orcid: 0000-0003-4790-8078
citation:
  ama: 'Obr M, Schur FK. Structural analysis of pleomorphic and asymmetric viruses
    using cryo-electron tomography and subtomogram averaging. In: Rey FA, ed. <i>Complementary
    Strategies to Study Virus Structure and Function</i>. Vol 105. Advances in Virus
    Research. Elsevier; 2019:117-159. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.aivir.2019.07.008">10.1016/bs.aivir.2019.07.008</a>'
  apa: Obr, M., &#38; Schur, F. K. (2019). Structural analysis of pleomorphic and
    asymmetric viruses using cryo-electron tomography and subtomogram averaging. In
    F. A. Rey (Ed.), <i>Complementary Strategies to Study Virus Structure and Function</i>
    (Vol. 105, pp. 117–159). Elsevier. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.aivir.2019.07.008">https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.aivir.2019.07.008</a>
  chicago: Obr, Martin, and Florian KM Schur. “Structural Analysis of Pleomorphic
    and Asymmetric Viruses Using Cryo-Electron Tomography and Subtomogram Averaging.”
    In <i>Complementary Strategies to Study Virus Structure and Function</i>, edited
    by Félix A. Rey, 105:117–59. Advances in Virus Research. Elsevier, 2019. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.aivir.2019.07.008">https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.aivir.2019.07.008</a>.
  ieee: M. Obr and F. K. Schur, “Structural analysis of pleomorphic and asymmetric
    viruses using cryo-electron tomography and subtomogram averaging,” in <i>Complementary
    Strategies to Study Virus Structure and Function</i>, vol. 105, F. A. Rey, Ed.
    Elsevier, 2019, pp. 117–159.
  ista: 'Obr M, Schur FK. 2019.Structural analysis of pleomorphic and asymmetric viruses
    using cryo-electron tomography and subtomogram averaging. In: Complementary Strategies
    to Study Virus Structure and Function. vol. 105, 117–159.'
  mla: Obr, Martin, and Florian KM Schur. “Structural Analysis of Pleomorphic and
    Asymmetric Viruses Using Cryo-Electron Tomography and Subtomogram Averaging.”
    <i>Complementary Strategies to Study Virus Structure and Function</i>, edited
    by Félix A. Rey, vol. 105, Elsevier, 2019, pp. 117–59, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.aivir.2019.07.008">10.1016/bs.aivir.2019.07.008</a>.
  short: M. Obr, F.K. Schur, in:, F.A. Rey (Ed.), Complementary Strategies to Study
    Virus Structure and Function, Elsevier, 2019, pp. 117–159.
date_created: 2019-09-18T08:15:37Z
date_published: 2019-08-27T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-30T06:56:00Z
day: '27'
department:
- _id: FlSc
doi: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2019.07.008
editor:
- first_name: Félix A.
  full_name: Rey, Félix A.
  last_name: Rey
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000501594500006'
  pmid:
  - '    31522703'
intvolume: '       105'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
month: '08'
oa_version: None
page: 117-159
pmid: 1
publication: Complementary Strategies to Study Virus Structure and Function
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - '9780128184561'
  issn:
  - 0065-3527
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
series_title: Advances in Virus Research
status: public
title: Structural analysis of pleomorphic and asymmetric viruses using cryo-electron
  tomography and subtomogram averaging
type: book_chapter
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 105
year: '2019'
...