---
_id: '6363'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Distinguishing  between  similar  experiences  is  achieved  by  the  brain
    \ in  a  process called  pattern  separation.  In  the  hippocampus,  pattern
    \ separation  reduces  the interference of memories and increases the storage
    capacity by decorrelating similar inputs  patterns  of  neuronal  activity  into
    \ non-overlapping output  firing  patterns. Winners-take-all  (WTA)  mechanism
    \ is  a  theoretical  model  for  pattern  separation  in which  a  \"winner\"
    \ cell  suppresses  the  activity  of  the  neighboring  neurons  through feedback
    inhibition. However, if the network properties of the dentate gyrus support WTA
    as a biologically conceivable model remains unknown. Here, we showed that the
    connectivity rules of PV+interneurons and their synaptic properties are optimizedfor
    efficient pattern separation. We found using multiple whole-cell in vitrorecordings
    that PV+interneurons mainly connect to granule cells (GC) through lateral inhibition,
    a form of  feedback  inhibition  in  which  a  GC  inhibits  other  GCs  but  not
    \ itself  through  the activation of PV+interneurons. Thus, lateral inhibition
    between GC–PV+interneurons was ~10 times more abundant than recurrent connections.
    Furthermore, the GC–PV+interneuron  connectivity  was  more  spatially  confined
    \ but  less  abundant  than  PV+interneurons–GC  connectivity,  leading  to  an
    \ asymmetrical  distribution  of  excitatory and inhibitory connectivity. Our
    network model of the dentate gyrus with incorporated real connectivity rules efficiently
    decorrelates neuronal activity patterns using WTA as the  primary  mechanism.
    \ This  process  relied  on  lateral  inhibition,  fast-signaling properties  of
    \ PV+interneurons  and  the  asymmetrical  distribution  of  excitatory  and inhibitory
    connectivity. Finally, we found that silencing the activity of PV+interneurons
    in  vivoleads  to  acute  deficits  in  discrimination  between  similar  environments,
    suggesting  that  PV+interneuron  networks  are  necessary  for  behavioral  relevant
    computations.  Our   results   demonstrate   that   PV+interneurons  possess  unique
    connectivity  and  fast  signaling  properties  that confer  to  the  dentate
    \ gyrus  network properties that allow the emergence of pattern separation. Thus,
    our results contribute to the knowledge of how specific forms of network organization
    underlie sophisticated types of information processing. \r\n"
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: 'Claudia '
  full_name: 'Espinoza Martinez, Claudia '
  id: 31FFEE2E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Espinoza Martinez
  orcid: 0000-0003-4710-2082
citation:
  ama: Espinoza Martinez C. Parvalbumin+ interneurons enable efficient pattern separation
    in hippocampal microcircuits. 2019. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6363">10.15479/AT:ISTA:6363</a>
  apa: Espinoza Martinez, C. (2019). <i>Parvalbumin+ interneurons enable efficient
    pattern separation in hippocampal microcircuits</i>. Institute of Science and
    Technology Austria. <a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6363">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6363</a>
  chicago: Espinoza Martinez, Claudia . “Parvalbumin+ Interneurons Enable Efficient
    Pattern Separation in Hippocampal Microcircuits.” Institute of Science and Technology
    Austria, 2019. <a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6363">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6363</a>.
  ieee: C. Espinoza Martinez, “Parvalbumin+ interneurons enable efficient pattern
    separation in hippocampal microcircuits,” Institute of Science and Technology
    Austria, 2019.
  ista: Espinoza Martinez C. 2019. Parvalbumin+ interneurons enable efficient pattern
    separation in hippocampal microcircuits. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
  mla: Espinoza Martinez, Claudia. <i>Parvalbumin+ Interneurons Enable Efficient Pattern
    Separation in Hippocampal Microcircuits</i>. Institute of Science and Technology
    Austria, 2019, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6363">10.15479/AT:ISTA:6363</a>.
  short: C. Espinoza Martinez, Parvalbumin+ Interneurons Enable Efficient Pattern
    Separation in Hippocampal Microcircuits, Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
    2019.
date_created: 2019-04-30T11:56:10Z
date_published: 2019-04-30T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-15T12:03:48Z
day: '30'
ddc:
- '570'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: PeJo
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:6363
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 77c6c05cfe8b58c8abcf1b854375d084
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: cespinoza
  date_created: 2019-05-07T16:00:39Z
  date_updated: 2021-02-11T11:17:15Z
  embargo: 2020-05-09
  file_id: '6389'
  file_name: Espinozathesis_all2.pdf
  file_size: 13966891
  relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
  checksum: f6aa819f127691a2b0fc21c76eb09746
  content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
  creator: cespinoza
  date_created: 2019-05-07T16:00:48Z
  date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:28Z
  embargo_to: open_access
  file_id: '6390'
  file_name: Espinoza_Thesis.docx
  file_size: 11159900
  relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2021-02-11T11:17:15Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '140'
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - 978-3-99078-000-8
  issn:
  - 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
  record:
  - id: '21'
    relation: part_of_dissertation
    status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Peter M
  full_name: Jonas, Peter M
  id: 353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Jonas
  orcid: 0000-0001-5001-4804
title: Parvalbumin+ interneurons enable efficient pattern separation in hippocampal
  microcircuits
type: dissertation
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2019'
...