[{"file_date_updated":"2021-02-11T11:17:15Z","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["978-3-99078-000-8"],"issn":["2663-337X"]},"abstract":[{"text":"Distinguishing  between  similar  experiences  is  achieved  by  the  brain  in  a  process called  pattern  separation.  In  the  hippocampus,  pattern  separation  reduces  the interference of memories and increases the storage capacity by decorrelating similar inputs  patterns  of  neuronal  activity  into  non-overlapping output  firing  patterns. Winners-take-all  (WTA)  mechanism  is  a  theoretical  model  for  pattern  separation  in which  a  \"winner\"  cell  suppresses  the  activity  of  the  neighboring  neurons  through feedback inhibition. However, if the network properties of the dentate gyrus support WTA as a biologically conceivable model remains unknown. Here, we showed that the connectivity rules of PV+interneurons and their synaptic properties are optimizedfor efficient pattern separation. We found using multiple whole-cell in vitrorecordings that PV+interneurons mainly connect to granule cells (GC) through lateral inhibition, a form of  feedback  inhibition  in  which  a  GC  inhibits  other  GCs  but  not  itself  through  the activation of PV+interneurons. Thus, lateral inhibition between GC–PV+interneurons was ~10 times more abundant than recurrent connections. Furthermore, the GC–PV+interneuron  connectivity  was  more  spatially  confined  but  less  abundant  than  PV+interneurons–GC  connectivity,  leading  to  an  asymmetrical  distribution  of  excitatory and inhibitory connectivity. Our network model of the dentate gyrus with incorporated real connectivity rules efficiently decorrelates neuronal activity patterns using WTA as the  primary  mechanism.  This  process  relied  on  lateral  inhibition,  fast-signaling properties  of  PV+interneurons  and  the  asymmetrical  distribution  of  excitatory  and inhibitory connectivity. Finally, we found that silencing the activity of PV+interneurons in  vivoleads  to  acute  deficits  in  discrimination  between  similar  environments, suggesting  that  PV+interneuron  networks  are  necessary  for  behavioral  relevant computations.  Our   results   demonstrate   that   PV+interneurons  possess  unique connectivity  and  fast  signaling  properties  that confer  to  the  dentate  gyrus  network properties that allow the emergence of pattern separation. Thus, our results contribute to the knowledge of how specific forms of network organization underlie sophisticated types of information processing. \r\n","lang":"eng"}],"has_accepted_license":"1","date_created":"2019-04-30T11:56:10Z","oa_version":"Published Version","title":"Parvalbumin+ interneurons enable efficient pattern separation in hippocampal microcircuits","day":"30","author":[{"id":"31FFEE2E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Espinoza Martinez, Claudia ","last_name":"Espinoza Martinez","first_name":"Claudia ","orcid":"0000-0003-4710-2082"}],"user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","citation":{"ieee":"C. Espinoza Martinez, “Parvalbumin+ interneurons enable efficient pattern separation in hippocampal microcircuits,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019.","short":"C. Espinoza Martinez, Parvalbumin+ Interneurons Enable Efficient Pattern Separation in Hippocampal Microcircuits, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019.","ama":"Espinoza Martinez C. Parvalbumin+ interneurons enable efficient pattern separation in hippocampal microcircuits. 2019. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6363\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:6363</a>","apa":"Espinoza Martinez, C. (2019). <i>Parvalbumin+ interneurons enable efficient pattern separation in hippocampal microcircuits</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6363\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6363</a>","mla":"Espinoza Martinez, Claudia. <i>Parvalbumin+ Interneurons Enable Efficient Pattern Separation in Hippocampal Microcircuits</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6363\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:6363</a>.","chicago":"Espinoza Martinez, Claudia . “Parvalbumin+ Interneurons Enable Efficient Pattern Separation in Hippocampal Microcircuits.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6363\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:6363</a>.","ista":"Espinoza Martinez C. 2019. Parvalbumin+ interneurons enable efficient pattern separation in hippocampal microcircuits. Institute of Science and Technology Austria."},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"oa":1,"file":[{"creator":"cespinoza","embargo":"2020-05-09","date_updated":"2021-02-11T11:17:15Z","file_size":13966891,"date_created":"2019-05-07T16:00:39Z","file_id":"6389","content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"Espinozathesis_all2.pdf","checksum":"77c6c05cfe8b58c8abcf1b854375d084","relation":"main_file"},{"embargo_to":"open_access","file_id":"6390","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:28Z","creator":"cespinoza","file_size":11159900,"date_created":"2019-05-07T16:00:48Z","checksum":"f6aa819f127691a2b0fc21c76eb09746","relation":"source_file","content_type":"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document","access_level":"closed","file_name":"Espinoza_Thesis.docx"}],"department":[{"_id":"PeJo"}],"month":"04","supervisor":[{"first_name":"Peter M","orcid":"0000-0001-5001-4804","full_name":"Jonas, Peter M","id":"353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Jonas"}],"ddc":["570"],"page":"140","type":"dissertation","_id":"6363","date_updated":"2023-09-15T12:03:48Z","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"article_processing_charge":"No","doi":"10.15479/AT:ISTA:6363","date_published":"2019-04-30T00:00:00Z","status":"public","degree_awarded":"PhD","related_material":{"record":[{"id":"21","status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation"}]},"year":"2019"}]