---
_id: '623'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Genetic factors might be largely responsible for the development of autism
    spectrum disorder (ASD) that alone or in combination with specific environmental
    risk factors trigger the pathology. Multiple mutations identified in ASD patients
    that impair synaptic function in the central nervous system are well studied in
    animal models. How these mutations might interact with other risk factors is not
    fully understood though. Additionally, how systems outside of the brain are altered
    in the context of ASD is an emerging area of research. Extracerebral influences
    on the physiology could begin in utero and contribute to changes in the brain
    and in the development of other body systems and further lead to epigenetic changes.
    Therefore, multiple recent studies have aimed at elucidating the role of gene-environment
    interactions in ASD. Here we provide an overview on the extracerebral systems
    that might play an important associative role in ASD and review evidence regarding
    the potential roles of inflammation, trace metals, metabolism, genetic susceptibility,
    enteric nervous system function and the microbiota of the gastrointestinal (GI)
    tract on the development of endophenotypes in animal models of ASD. By influencing
    environmental conditions, it might be possible to reduce or limit the severity
    of ASD pathology.
alternative_title:
- ADVSANAT
author:
- first_name: Elisa
  full_name: Hill Yardin, Elisa
  last_name: Hill Yardin
- first_name: Sonja
  full_name: Mckeown, Sonja
  last_name: Mckeown
- first_name: Gaia
  full_name: Novarino, Gaia
  id: 3E57A680-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Novarino
  orcid: 0000-0002-7673-7178
- first_name: Andreas
  full_name: Grabrucker, Andreas
  last_name: Grabrucker
citation:
  ama: 'Hill Yardin E, Mckeown S, Novarino G, Grabrucker A. Extracerebral dysfunction
    in animal models of autism spectrum disorder. In: Schmeisser M, Boekers T, eds.
    <i>Translational Anatomy and Cell Biology of Autism Spectrum Disorder</i>. Vol
    224. Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology. Springer; 2017:159-187.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52498-6_9">10.1007/978-3-319-52498-6_9</a>'
  apa: Hill Yardin, E., Mckeown, S., Novarino, G., &#38; Grabrucker, A. (2017). Extracerebral
    dysfunction in animal models of autism spectrum disorder. In M. Schmeisser &#38;
    T. Boekers (Eds.), <i>Translational Anatomy and Cell Biology of Autism Spectrum
    Disorder</i> (Vol. 224, pp. 159–187). Springer. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52498-6_9">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52498-6_9</a>
  chicago: Hill Yardin, Elisa, Sonja Mckeown, Gaia Novarino, and Andreas Grabrucker.
    “Extracerebral Dysfunction in Animal Models of Autism Spectrum Disorder.” In <i>Translational
    Anatomy and Cell Biology of Autism Spectrum Disorder</i>, edited by Michael Schmeisser
    and Tobias Boekers, 224:159–87. Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology.
    Springer, 2017. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52498-6_9">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52498-6_9</a>.
  ieee: E. Hill Yardin, S. Mckeown, G. Novarino, and A. Grabrucker, “Extracerebral
    dysfunction in animal models of autism spectrum disorder,” in <i>Translational
    Anatomy and Cell Biology of Autism Spectrum Disorder</i>, vol. 224, M. Schmeisser
    and T. Boekers, Eds. Springer, 2017, pp. 159–187.
  ista: 'Hill Yardin E, Mckeown S, Novarino G, Grabrucker A. 2017.Extracerebral dysfunction
    in animal models of autism spectrum disorder. In: Translational Anatomy and Cell
    Biology of Autism Spectrum Disorder. ADVSANAT, vol. 224, 159–187.'
  mla: Hill Yardin, Elisa, et al. “Extracerebral Dysfunction in Animal Models of Autism
    Spectrum Disorder.” <i>Translational Anatomy and Cell Biology of Autism Spectrum
    Disorder</i>, edited by Michael Schmeisser and Tobias Boekers, vol. 224, Springer,
    2017, pp. 159–87, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52498-6_9">10.1007/978-3-319-52498-6_9</a>.
  short: E. Hill Yardin, S. Mckeown, G. Novarino, A. Grabrucker, in:, M. Schmeisser,
    T. Boekers (Eds.), Translational Anatomy and Cell Biology of Autism Spectrum Disorder,
    Springer, 2017, pp. 159–187.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:47:33Z
date_published: 2017-05-28T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:06:46Z
day: '28'
department:
- _id: GaNo
doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-52498-6_9
editor:
- first_name: Michael
  full_name: Schmeisser, Michael
  last_name: Schmeisser
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Boekers, Tobias
  last_name: Boekers
intvolume: '       224'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa_version: None
page: 159 - 187
publication: Translational Anatomy and Cell Biology of Autism Spectrum Disorder
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - 978-3-319-52496-2
  issn:
  - '03015556'
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
publist_id: '7177'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: 1
series_title: Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology
status: public
title: Extracerebral dysfunction in animal models of autism spectrum disorder
type: book_chapter
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 224
year: '2017'
...