---
_id: '13093'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The direct, solid state, and reversible conversion between heat and electricity
    using thermoelectric devices finds numerous potential uses, especially around
    room temperature. However, the relatively high material processing cost limits
    their real applications. Silver selenide (Ag2Se) is one of the very few n-type
    thermoelectric (TE) materials for room-temperature applications. Herein, we report
    a room temperature, fast, and aqueous-phase synthesis approach to produce Ag2Se,
    which can be extended to other metal chalcogenides. These materials reach TE figures
    of merit (zT) of up to 0.76 at 380 K. To improve these values, bismuth sulfide
    (Bi2S3) particles also prepared in an aqueous solution are incorporated into the
    Ag2Se matrix. In this way, a series of Ag2Se/Bi2S3 composites with Bi2S3 wt %
    of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 are prepared by solution blending and hot-press sintering.
    The presence of Bi2S3 significantly improves the Seebeck coefficient and power
    factor while at the same time decreasing the thermal conductivity with no apparent
    drop in electrical conductivity. Thus, a maximum zT value of 0.96 is achieved
    in the composites with 1.0 wt % Bi2S3 at 370 K. Furthermore, a high average zT
    value (zTave) of 0.93 in the 300–390 K range is demonstrated.
acknowledgement: 'Open Access is funded by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF). B.N.,
  M.L., Y.Z., K.X., and X.H. thank the China Scholarship Council (CSC) for the scholarship
  support. C.C. received funding from the FWF “Lise Meitner Fellowship” grant agreement
  M 2889-N. M.I. acknowledges the financial support from ISTA and the Werner Siemens
  Foundation. ICN2 acknowledges funding from Generalitat de Catalunya 2021SGR00457
  and project NANOGEN (PID2020-116093RB-C43) funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/.
  ICN2 was supported by the Severo Ochoa program from Spanish MCIN/AEI (Grant No.:
  CEX2021-001214-S) and was funded by the CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya.
  J.L. is a Serra Húnter Fellow and is grateful to the ICREA Academia program and
  projects MICINN/FEDER PID2021-124572OB-C31 and 2021 SGR 01061. K.H.L. acknowledges
  support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22208293). This study
  is part of the Advanced Materials programme and was supported by MCIN with funding
  from European Union NextGenerationEU (PRTR-C17.I1) and by Generalitat de Catalunya.'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Bingfei
  full_name: Nan, Bingfei
  last_name: 'Nan'
- first_name: Mengyao
  full_name: Li, Mengyao
  last_name: Li
- first_name: Yu
  full_name: Zhang, Yu
  last_name: Zhang
- first_name: Ke
  full_name: Xiao, Ke
  last_name: Xiao
- first_name: Khak Ho
  full_name: Lim, Khak Ho
  last_name: Lim
- first_name: Cheng
  full_name: Chang, Cheng
  id: 9E331C2E-9F27-11E9-AE48-5033E6697425
  last_name: Chang
  orcid: 0000-0002-9515-4277
- first_name: Xu
  full_name: Han, Xu
  last_name: Han
- first_name: Yong
  full_name: Zuo, Yong
  last_name: Zuo
- first_name: Junshan
  full_name: Li, Junshan
  last_name: Li
- first_name: Jordi
  full_name: Arbiol, Jordi
  last_name: Arbiol
- first_name: Jordi
  full_name: Llorca, Jordi
  last_name: Llorca
- first_name: Maria
  full_name: Ibáñez, Maria
  id: 43C61214-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Ibáñez
  orcid: 0000-0001-5013-2843
- first_name: Andreu
  full_name: Cabot, Andreu
  last_name: Cabot
citation:
  ama: Nan B, Li M, Zhang Y, et al. Engineering of thermoelectric composites based
    on silver selenide in aqueous solution and ambient temperature. <i>ACS Applied
    Electronic Materials</i>. 2023. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.3c00055">10.1021/acsaelm.3c00055</a>
  apa: Nan, B., Li, M., Zhang, Y., Xiao, K., Lim, K. H., Chang, C., … Cabot, A. (2023).
    Engineering of thermoelectric composites based on silver selenide in aqueous solution
    and ambient temperature. <i>ACS Applied Electronic Materials</i>. American Chemical
    Society. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.3c00055">https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.3c00055</a>
  chicago: Nan, Bingfei, Mengyao Li, Yu Zhang, Ke Xiao, Khak Ho Lim, Cheng Chang,
    Xu Han, et al. “Engineering of Thermoelectric Composites Based on Silver Selenide
    in Aqueous Solution and Ambient Temperature.” <i>ACS Applied Electronic Materials</i>.
    American Chemical Society, 2023. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.3c00055">https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.3c00055</a>.
  ieee: B. Nan <i>et al.</i>, “Engineering of thermoelectric composites based on silver
    selenide in aqueous solution and ambient temperature,” <i>ACS Applied Electronic
    Materials</i>. American Chemical Society, 2023.
  ista: Nan B, Li M, Zhang Y, Xiao K, Lim KH, Chang C, Han X, Zuo Y, Li J, Arbiol
    J, Llorca J, Ibáñez M, Cabot A. 2023. Engineering of thermoelectric composites
    based on silver selenide in aqueous solution and ambient temperature. ACS Applied
    Electronic Materials.
  mla: Nan, Bingfei, et al. “Engineering of Thermoelectric Composites Based on Silver
    Selenide in Aqueous Solution and Ambient Temperature.” <i>ACS Applied Electronic
    Materials</i>, American Chemical Society, 2023, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.3c00055">10.1021/acsaelm.3c00055</a>.
  short: B. Nan, M. Li, Y. Zhang, K. Xiao, K.H. Lim, C. Chang, X. Han, Y. Zuo, J.
    Li, J. Arbiol, J. Llorca, M. Ibáñez, A. Cabot, ACS Applied Electronic Materials
    (2023).
date_created: 2023-05-28T22:01:03Z
date_published: 2023-05-05T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-01T14:50:48Z
day: '05'
department:
- _id: MaIb
doi: 10.1021/acsaelm.3c00055
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000986859000001'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.3c00055
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 9B8804FC-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A
  grant_number: M02889
  name: Bottom-up Engineering for Thermoelectric Applications
- _id: 9B8F7476-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A
  name: 'HighTE: The Werner Siemens Laboratory for the High Throughput Discovery of
    Semiconductors for Waste Heat Recovery'
publication: ACS Applied Electronic Materials
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 2637-6113
publication_status: epub_ahead
publisher: American Chemical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Engineering of thermoelectric composites based on silver selenide in aqueous
  solution and ambient temperature
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
year: '2023'
...
