[{"volume":20,"date_created":"2023-11-12T23:00:55Z","oa_version":"Preprint","month":"10","type":"journal_article","abstract":[{"text":"State-of-the-art transmon qubits rely on large capacitors, which systematically improve their coherence due to reduced surface-loss participation. However, this approach increases both the footprint and the parasitic cross-coupling and is ultimately limited by radiation losses—a potential roadblock for scaling up quantum processors to millions of qubits. In this work we present transmon qubits with sizes as low as 36 × 39 µm2 with  100-nm-wide vacuum-gap capacitors that are micromachined from commercial silicon-on-insulator wafers and shadow evaporated with aluminum. We achieve a vacuum participation ratio up to 99.6% in an in-plane design that is compatible with standard coplanar circuits. Qubit relaxationtime measurements for small gaps with high zero-point electric field variance of up to 22 V/m reveal a double exponential decay indicating comparably strong qubit interaction with long-lived two-level systems. The exceptionally high selectivity of up to 20 dB to the superconductor-vacuum interface allows us to precisely back out the sub-single-photon dielectric loss tangent of aluminum oxide previously exposed to ambient conditions. In terms of future scaling potential, we achieve a ratio of qubit quality factor to a footprint area equal to 20 µm−2, which is comparable with the highest T1 devices relying on larger geometries, a value that could improve substantially for lower surface-loss superconductors. ","lang":"eng"}],"date_updated":"2024-08-07T07:11:55Z","_id":"14517","acknowledgement":"This work was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) through BeyondC (F7105), the European Research Council under Grant Agreement No. 758053 (ERC StG QUNNECT) and a NOMIS foundation research grant. M.Z. was the recipient of a SAIA scholarship, E.R. of\r\na DOC fellowship of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, and M.P. of a Pöttinger scholarship at IST Austria. S.B. acknowledges support from Marie Skłodowska Curie Program No. 707438 (MSC-IF SUPEREOM). J.M.F. acknowledges support from the Horizon Europe Program HORIZON-CL4-2022-QUANTUM-01-SGA via Project No. 101113946 OpenSuperQPlus100 and the ISTA Nanofabrication Facility.","year":"2023","date_published":"2023-10-20T00:00:00Z","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"NanoFab"}],"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2206.14104"}],"publication_status":"published","oa":1,"intvolume":"        20","related_material":{"record":[{"id":"14520","status":"public","relation":"research_data"}]},"citation":{"apa":"Zemlicka, M., Redchenko, E., Peruzzo, M., Hassani, F., Trioni, A., Barzanjeh, S., &#38; Fink, J. M. (2023). Compact vacuum-gap transmon qubits: Selective and sensitive probes for superconductor surface losses. <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. American Physical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.20.044054\">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.20.044054</a>","ista":"Zemlicka M, Redchenko E, Peruzzo M, Hassani F, Trioni A, Barzanjeh S, Fink JM. 2023. Compact vacuum-gap transmon qubits: Selective and sensitive probes for superconductor surface losses. Physical Review Applied. 20(4), 044054.","mla":"Zemlicka, Martin, et al. “Compact Vacuum-Gap Transmon Qubits: Selective and Sensitive Probes for Superconductor Surface Losses.” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>, vol. 20, no. 4, 044054, American Physical Society, 2023, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.20.044054\">10.1103/PhysRevApplied.20.044054</a>.","ama":"Zemlicka M, Redchenko E, Peruzzo M, et al. Compact vacuum-gap transmon qubits: Selective and sensitive probes for superconductor surface losses. <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. 2023;20(4). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.20.044054\">10.1103/PhysRevApplied.20.044054</a>","short":"M. Zemlicka, E. Redchenko, M. Peruzzo, F. Hassani, A. Trioni, S. Barzanjeh, J.M. Fink, Physical Review Applied 20 (2023).","chicago":"Zemlicka, Martin, Elena Redchenko, Matilda Peruzzo, Farid Hassani, Andrea Trioni, Shabir Barzanjeh, and Johannes M Fink. “Compact Vacuum-Gap Transmon Qubits: Selective and Sensitive Probes for Superconductor Surface Losses.” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. American Physical Society, 2023. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.20.044054\">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.20.044054</a>.","ieee":"M. Zemlicka <i>et al.</i>, “Compact vacuum-gap transmon qubits: Selective and sensitive probes for superconductor surface losses,” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>, vol. 20, no. 4. American Physical Society, 2023."},"status":"public","external_id":{"arxiv":["2206.14104"]},"article_number":"044054","title":"Compact vacuum-gap transmon qubits: Selective and sensitive probes for superconductor surface losses","arxiv":1,"author":[{"id":"2DCF8DE6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Zemlicka, Martin","first_name":"Martin","last_name":"Zemlicka"},{"last_name":"Redchenko","first_name":"Elena","full_name":"Redchenko, Elena","id":"2C21D6E8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"id":"3F920B30-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-3415-4628","full_name":"Peruzzo, Matilda","first_name":"Matilda","last_name":"Peruzzo"},{"full_name":"Hassani, Farid","orcid":"0000-0001-6937-5773","id":"2AED110C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Farid","last_name":"Hassani"},{"last_name":"Trioni","first_name":"Andrea","id":"42F71B44-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Trioni, Andrea"},{"id":"2D25E1F6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-0415-1423","full_name":"Barzanjeh, Shabir","first_name":"Shabir","last_name":"Barzanjeh"},{"full_name":"Fink, Johannes M","orcid":"0000-0001-8112-028X","id":"4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Fink","first_name":"Johannes M"}],"day":"20","publication":"Physical Review Applied","article_type":"original","ec_funded":1,"article_processing_charge":"No","scopus_import":"1","publisher":"American Physical Society","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","department":[{"_id":"JoFi"}],"doi":"10.1103/PhysRevApplied.20.044054","quality_controlled":"1","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2331-7019"]},"issue":"4","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"project":[{"name":"Integrating superconducting quantum circuits","call_identifier":"FWF","_id":"26927A52-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"F07105"},{"name":"A Fiber Optic Transceiver for Superconducting Qubits","_id":"26336814-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"758053"},{"name":"Protected states of quantum matter","_id":"eb9b30ac-77a9-11ec-83b8-871f581d53d2"},{"grant_number":"707438","call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"258047B6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Microwave-to-Optical Quantum Link: Quantum Teleportation and Quantum Illumination with cavity Optomechanics SUPEREOM"},{"grant_number":"101080139","_id":"bdb7cfc1-d553-11ed-ba76-d2eaab167738","name":"Open Superconducting Quantum Computers (OpenSuperQPlus)"}]},{"date_published":"2023-06-09T00:00:00Z","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2206.05746","open_access":"1"}],"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"NanoFab"},{"_id":"M-Shop"}],"oa":1,"publication_status":"published","intvolume":"        19","related_material":{"record":[{"id":"14547","status":"public","relation":"dissertation_contains"}]},"citation":{"chicago":"Phan, Duc T, Paul Falthansl-Scheinecker, Umang Mishra, W. M. Strickland, D. Langone, J. Shabani, and Andrew P Higginbotham. “Gate-Tunable Superconductor-Semiconductor Parametric Amplifier.” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. American Physical Society, 2023. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.19.064032\">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.19.064032</a>.","ieee":"D. T. Phan <i>et al.</i>, “Gate-tunable superconductor-semiconductor parametric amplifier,” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>, vol. 19, no. 6. American Physical Society, 2023.","short":"D.T. Phan, P. Falthansl-Scheinecker, U. Mishra, W.M. Strickland, D. Langone, J. Shabani, A.P. Higginbotham, Physical Review Applied 19 (2023).","ama":"Phan DT, Falthansl-Scheinecker P, Mishra U, et al. Gate-tunable superconductor-semiconductor parametric amplifier. <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. 2023;19(6). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.19.064032\">10.1103/PhysRevApplied.19.064032</a>","apa":"Phan, D. T., Falthansl-Scheinecker, P., Mishra, U., Strickland, W. M., Langone, D., Shabani, J., &#38; Higginbotham, A. P. (2023). Gate-tunable superconductor-semiconductor parametric amplifier. <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. American Physical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.19.064032\">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.19.064032</a>","ista":"Phan DT, Falthansl-Scheinecker P, Mishra U, Strickland WM, Langone D, Shabani J, Higginbotham AP. 2023. Gate-tunable superconductor-semiconductor parametric amplifier. Physical Review Applied. 19(6), 064032.","mla":"Phan, Duc T., et al. “Gate-Tunable Superconductor-Semiconductor Parametric Amplifier.” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>, vol. 19, no. 6, 064032, American Physical Society, 2023, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.19.064032\">10.1103/PhysRevApplied.19.064032</a>."},"status":"public","external_id":{"isi":["001012022600004"],"arxiv":["2206.05746"]},"volume":19,"date_created":"2023-07-23T22:01:12Z","date_updated":"2023-11-30T10:56:03Z","abstract":[{"text":"We build a parametric amplifier with a Josephson field-effect transistor (JoFET) as the active element. The resonant frequency of the device is field-effect tunable over a range of 2 GHz. The JoFET amplifier has 20 dB of gain, 4 MHz of instantaneous bandwidth, and a 1-dB compression point of -125.5 dBm when operated at a fixed resonance frequency.\r\n\r\n","lang":"eng"}],"month":"06","oa_version":"Preprint","type":"journal_article","_id":"13264","acknowledgement":"We thank Shyam Shankar for helpful feedback on the manuscript. We gratefully acknowledge the support of the ISTA nanofabrication facility, the Miba Machine Shop, and the eMachine Shop. The NYU team acknowledges support from Army Research Office Grant No. W911NF2110303.","year":"2023","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevApplied.19.064032","quality_controlled":"1","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2331-7019"]},"isi":1,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"issue":"6","title":"Gate-tunable superconductor-semiconductor parametric amplifier","arxiv":1,"article_number":"064032","author":[{"full_name":"Phan, Duc T","id":"29C8C0B4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Phan","first_name":"Duc T"},{"last_name":"Falthansl-Scheinecker","first_name":"Paul","id":"85b43b21-15b2-11ec-abd3-e2c252cc2285","full_name":"Falthansl-Scheinecker, Paul"},{"last_name":"Mishra","first_name":"Umang","id":"4328fa4c-f128-11eb-9611-c107b0fe4d51","full_name":"Mishra, Umang"},{"full_name":"Strickland, W. M.","last_name":"Strickland","first_name":"W. M."},{"last_name":"Langone","first_name":"D.","full_name":"Langone, D."},{"last_name":"Shabani","first_name":"J.","full_name":"Shabani, J."},{"last_name":"Higginbotham","first_name":"Andrew P","full_name":"Higginbotham, Andrew P","id":"4AD6785A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-2607-2363"}],"day":"09","publication":"Physical Review Applied","scopus_import":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","article_type":"original","publisher":"American Physical Society","user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","department":[{"_id":"AnHi"},{"_id":"OnHo"}]},{"quality_controlled":"1","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevApplied.17.034032","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2331-7019"]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"issue":"3","isi":1,"title":"Magnetic field resilience of three-dimensional transmons with thin-film Al/AlOx/Al Josephson junctions approaching 1 T","arxiv":1,"article_number":"034032","day":"11","author":[{"last_name":"Krause","first_name":"J.","full_name":"Krause, J."},{"full_name":"Dickel, C.","last_name":"Dickel","first_name":"C."},{"last_name":"Vaal","first_name":"E.","full_name":"Vaal, E."},{"last_name":"Vielmetter","first_name":"M.","full_name":"Vielmetter, M."},{"full_name":"Feng, J.","first_name":"J.","last_name":"Feng"},{"full_name":"Bounds, R.","first_name":"R.","last_name":"Bounds"},{"full_name":"Catelani, G.","last_name":"Catelani","first_name":"G."},{"first_name":"Johannes M","last_name":"Fink","orcid":"0000-0001-8112-028X","id":"4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Fink, Johannes M"},{"full_name":"Ando, Yoichi","last_name":"Ando","first_name":"Yoichi"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","scopus_import":"1","article_type":"original","publication":"Physical Review Applied","department":[{"_id":"JoFi"}],"user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","publisher":"American Physical Society","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2111.01115","open_access":"1"}],"date_published":"2022-03-11T00:00:00Z","publication_status":"published","oa":1,"citation":{"apa":"Krause, J., Dickel, C., Vaal, E., Vielmetter, M., Feng, J., Bounds, R., … Ando, Y. (2022). Magnetic field resilience of three-dimensional transmons with thin-film Al/AlOx/Al Josephson junctions approaching 1 T. <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. American Physical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.17.034032\">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.17.034032</a>","ista":"Krause J, Dickel C, Vaal E, Vielmetter M, Feng J, Bounds R, Catelani G, Fink JM, Ando Y. 2022. Magnetic field resilience of three-dimensional transmons with thin-film Al/AlOx/Al Josephson junctions approaching 1 T. Physical Review Applied. 17(3), 034032.","mla":"Krause, J., et al. “Magnetic Field Resilience of Three-Dimensional Transmons with Thin-Film Al/AlOx/Al Josephson Junctions Approaching 1 T.” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>, vol. 17, no. 3, 034032, American Physical Society, 2022, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.17.034032\">10.1103/PhysRevApplied.17.034032</a>.","ama":"Krause J, Dickel C, Vaal E, et al. Magnetic field resilience of three-dimensional transmons with thin-film Al/AlOx/Al Josephson junctions approaching 1 T. <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. 2022;17(3). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.17.034032\">10.1103/PhysRevApplied.17.034032</a>","short":"J. Krause, C. Dickel, E. Vaal, M. Vielmetter, J. Feng, R. Bounds, G. Catelani, J.M. Fink, Y. Ando, Physical Review Applied 17 (2022).","chicago":"Krause, J., C. Dickel, E. Vaal, M. Vielmetter, J. Feng, R. Bounds, G. Catelani, Johannes M Fink, and Yoichi Ando. “Magnetic Field Resilience of Three-Dimensional Transmons with Thin-Film Al/AlOx/Al Josephson Junctions Approaching 1 T.” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. American Physical Society, 2022. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.17.034032\">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.17.034032</a>.","ieee":"J. Krause <i>et al.</i>, “Magnetic field resilience of three-dimensional transmons with thin-film Al/AlOx/Al Josephson junctions approaching 1 T,” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>, vol. 17, no. 3. American Physical Society, 2022."},"intvolume":"        17","status":"public","external_id":{"arxiv":["2111.01115"],"isi":["000770371400003"]},"date_created":"2022-04-03T22:01:43Z","volume":17,"date_updated":"2023-08-03T06:23:58Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Magnetic-field-resilient superconducting circuits enable sensing applications and hybrid quantum computing architectures involving spin or topological qubits and electromechanical elements, as well as studying flux noise and quasiparticle loss. We investigate the effect of in-plane magnetic fields up to 1 T on the spectrum and coherence times of thin-film three-dimensional aluminum transmons. Using a copper cavity, unaffected by strong magnetic fields, we can probe solely the effect of magnetic fields on the transmons. We present data on a single-junction and a superconducting-quantum-interference-device (SQUID) transmon that are cooled down in the same cavity. As expected, the transmon frequencies decrease with increasing field, due to suppression of the superconducting gap and a geometric Fraunhofer-like contribution. Nevertheless, the thin-film transmons show strong magnetic field resilience: both transmons display microsecond coherence up to at least 0.65 T, and T1 remains above 1μs over the entire measurable range. SQUID spectroscopy is feasible up to 1 T, the limit of our magnet. We conclude that thin-film aluminum Josephson junctions are suitable hardware for superconducting circuits in the high-magnetic-field regime."}],"month":"03","type":"journal_article","oa_version":"Preprint","_id":"10940","year":"2022","acknowledgement":"We would like to thank Ida Milow for her internship in the laboratory and contributions to our code base. We thank T. Zent and L. Hamdan for technical assistance, and D. Fan for help with setting up the aluminum evaporator. We thank A. Salari, M. Rößler, S. Barzanjeh, M. Zemlicka, F. Hassani, and M. Peruzzo for contributions in the early stages of the experiments. This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Grant Agreement No. 741121) and was also funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under CRC 1238 – 277146847 (Subproject B01), as well as under Germany’s Excellence Strategy – Cluster of Excellence Matter and Light for Quantum Computing (ML4Q), EXC 2004/1\r\n– 390534769."}]