---
_id: '11613'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Over 2,000 stars were observed for 1 month with a high enough cadence in order
    to look for acoustic modes during the survey phase of the Kepler mission. Solar-like
    oscillations have been detected in about 540 stars. The question of why no oscillations
    were detected in the remaining stars is still open. Previous works explained the
    non-detection of modes with the high level of magnetic activity of the stars.
    However, the sample of stars studied contained some classical pulsators and red
    giants that could have biased the results. In this work, we revisit this analysis
    on a cleaner sample of main-sequence solar-like stars that consists of 1,014 stars.
    First we compute the predicted amplitude of the modes of that sample and for the
    stars with detected oscillation and compare it to the noise at high frequency
    in the power spectrum. We find that the stars with detected modes have an amplitude
    to noise ratio larger than 0.94. We measure reliable rotation periods and the
    associated photometric magnetic index for 684 stars out of the full sample and
    in particular for 323 stars where the amplitude of the modes is predicted to be
    high enough to be detected. We find that among these 323 stars 32% of them have
    a level of magnetic activity larger than the Sun during its maximum activity,
    explaining the non-detection of acoustic modes. Interestingly, magnetic activity
    cannot be the primary reason responsible for the absence of detectable modes in
    the remaining 68% of the stars without acoustic modes detected and with reliable
    rotation periods. Thus, we investigate metallicity, inclination angle of the rotation
    axis, and binarity as possible causes of low mode amplitudes. Using spectroscopic
    observations for a subsample, we find that a low metallicity could be the reason
    for suppressed modes. No clear correlation with binarity nor inclination is found.
    We also derive the lower limit for our photometric activity index (of 20–30 ppm)
    below which rotation and magnetic activity are not detected. Finally, with our
    analysis we conclude that stars with a photometric activity index larger than
    2,000 ppm have 98.3% probability of not having oscillations detected.
acknowledgement: This paper includes data collected by the Kepler mission. Funding
  for the Kepler mission is provided by the NASA Science Mission directorate. Some
  of the data presented in this paper were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for
  Space Telescopes (MAST). STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for
  Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. Partly Based on observations
  obtained with the HERMES spectrograph on the Mercator Telescope, which was supported
  by the Research Foundation—Flanders (FWO), Belgium, the Research Council of KU Leuven,
  Belgium, the Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique (F.R.S.-FNRS), Belgium,
  the Royal Observatory of Belgium, the Observatoire de Genève, Switzerland, and the
  Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, Germany. SM acknowledges support by the National
  Aeronautics and Space Administration under Grant NNX15AF13G, by the National Science
  Foundation grant AST-1411685, and the Ramon y Cajal fellowship number RYC-2015-17697.
  RG acknowledges the support from PLATO and GOLF CNES grants. ÂS acknowledges the
  support from National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Grant NNX17AF27G.
  PB acknowledges the support of the MINECO under the fellowship program Juan de la
  Cierva Incorporacion (IJCI-2015-26034).
article_number: '46'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Savita
  full_name: Mathur, Savita
  last_name: Mathur
- first_name: Rafael A.
  full_name: García, Rafael A.
  last_name: García
- first_name: Lisa Annabelle
  full_name: Bugnet, Lisa Annabelle
  id: d9edb345-f866-11ec-9b37-d119b5234501
  last_name: Bugnet
  orcid: 0000-0003-0142-4000
- first_name: Ângela R.G.
  full_name: Santos, Ângela R.G.
  last_name: Santos
- first_name: Netsha
  full_name: Santiago, Netsha
  last_name: Santiago
- first_name: Paul G.
  full_name: Beck, Paul G.
  last_name: Beck
citation:
  ama: Mathur S, García RA, Bugnet LA, Santos ÂRG, Santiago N, Beck PG. Revisiting
    the impact of stellar magnetic activity on the detectability of solar-like oscillations
    by Kepler. <i>Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences</i>. 2019;6. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fspas.2019.00046">10.3389/fspas.2019.00046</a>
  apa: Mathur, S., García, R. A., Bugnet, L. A., Santos, Â. R. G., Santiago, N., &#38;
    Beck, P. G. (2019). Revisiting the impact of stellar magnetic activity on the
    detectability of solar-like oscillations by Kepler. <i>Frontiers in Astronomy
    and Space Sciences</i>. Frontiers Media. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fspas.2019.00046">https://doi.org/10.3389/fspas.2019.00046</a>
  chicago: Mathur, Savita, Rafael A. García, Lisa Annabelle Bugnet, Ângela R.G. Santos,
    Netsha Santiago, and Paul G. Beck. “Revisiting the Impact of Stellar Magnetic
    Activity on the Detectability of Solar-like Oscillations by Kepler.” <i>Frontiers
    in Astronomy and Space Sciences</i>. Frontiers Media, 2019. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fspas.2019.00046">https://doi.org/10.3389/fspas.2019.00046</a>.
  ieee: S. Mathur, R. A. García, L. A. Bugnet, Â. R. G. Santos, N. Santiago, and P.
    G. Beck, “Revisiting the impact of stellar magnetic activity on the detectability
    of solar-like oscillations by Kepler,” <i>Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences</i>,
    vol. 6. Frontiers Media, 2019.
  ista: Mathur S, García RA, Bugnet LA, Santos ÂRG, Santiago N, Beck PG. 2019. Revisiting
    the impact of stellar magnetic activity on the detectability of solar-like oscillations
    by Kepler. Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences. 6, 46.
  mla: Mathur, Savita, et al. “Revisiting the Impact of Stellar Magnetic Activity
    on the Detectability of Solar-like Oscillations by Kepler.” <i>Frontiers in Astronomy
    and Space Sciences</i>, vol. 6, 46, Frontiers Media, 2019, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fspas.2019.00046">10.3389/fspas.2019.00046</a>.
  short: S. Mathur, R.A. García, L.A. Bugnet, Â.R.G. Santos, N. Santiago, P.G. Beck,
    Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences 6 (2019).
date_created: 2022-07-18T14:00:36Z
date_published: 2019-07-10T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-08-22T07:29:55Z
day: '10'
doi: 10.3389/fspas.2019.00046
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '1907.01415'
intvolume: '         6'
keyword:
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.01415
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 2296-987X
publication_status: published
publisher: Frontiers Media
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Revisiting the impact of stellar magnetic activity on the detectability of
  solar-like oscillations by Kepler
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 6
year: '2019'
...