---
_id: '14759'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Proper operation of electro-optic I/Q modulators relies on precise adjustment
    and control of the relative phase biases between the modulator’s internal interferometer
    arms. We present an all-analog phase bias locking scheme where error signals are
    obtained from the beat between the optical carrier and optical tones generated
    by an auxiliary 2 MHz \U0001D445\U0001D439 tone to lock the phases of all three
    involved interferometers for operation up to 10 GHz. With the developed method,
    we demonstrate an I/Q modulator in carrier-suppressed single-sideband mode, where
    the suppressed carrier and sideband are locked at optical power levels <−27dB\r\n
    relative to the transmitted sideband. We describe a simple analytical model for
    calculating the error signals and detail the implementation of the electronic
    circuitry for the implementation of the method."
acknowledgement: We thank Jakob Vorlaufer for technical contributions and Vyacheslav
  Li and Sofia Agafonova for comments on the manuscript.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Sebastian
  full_name: Wald, Sebastian
  id: 133F200A-B015-11E9-AD41-0EDAE5697425
  last_name: Wald
  orcid: 0000-0002-5869-1604
- first_name: Fritz R
  full_name: Diorico, Fritz R
  id: 2E054C4C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Diorico
  orcid: 0000-0002-4947-8924
- first_name: Onur
  full_name: Hosten, Onur
  id: 4C02D85E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Hosten
  orcid: 0000-0002-2031-204X
citation:
  ama: Wald S, Diorico FR, Hosten O. Analog stabilization of an electro-optic I/Q
    modulator with an auxiliary modulation tone. <i>Applied Optics</i>. 2023;62(1):1-7.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.474118">10.1364/ao.474118</a>
  apa: Wald, S., Diorico, F. R., &#38; Hosten, O. (2023). Analog stabilization of
    an electro-optic I/Q modulator with an auxiliary modulation tone. <i>Applied Optics</i>.
    Optica Publishing Group. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.474118">https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.474118</a>
  chicago: Wald, Sebastian, Fritz R Diorico, and Onur Hosten. “Analog Stabilization
    of an Electro-Optic I/Q Modulator with an Auxiliary Modulation Tone.” <i>Applied
    Optics</i>. Optica Publishing Group, 2023. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.474118">https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.474118</a>.
  ieee: S. Wald, F. R. Diorico, and O. Hosten, “Analog stabilization of an electro-optic
    I/Q modulator with an auxiliary modulation tone,” <i>Applied Optics</i>, vol.
    62, no. 1. Optica Publishing Group, pp. 1–7, 2023.
  ista: Wald S, Diorico FR, Hosten O. 2023. Analog stabilization of an electro-optic
    I/Q modulator with an auxiliary modulation tone. Applied Optics. 62(1), 1–7.
  mla: Wald, Sebastian, et al. “Analog Stabilization of an Electro-Optic I/Q Modulator
    with an Auxiliary Modulation Tone.” <i>Applied Optics</i>, vol. 62, no. 1, Optica
    Publishing Group, 2023, pp. 1–7, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.474118">10.1364/ao.474118</a>.
  short: S. Wald, F.R. Diorico, O. Hosten, Applied Optics 62 (2023) 1–7.
date_created: 2024-01-08T13:19:14Z
date_published: 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-01-09T10:10:34Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: OnHo
doi: 10.1364/ao.474118
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2208.11591'
intvolume: '        62'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- and Optics
- Engineering (miscellaneous)
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2208.11591
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 1-7
publication: Applied Optics
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 2155-3165
  issn:
  - 1559-128X
publication_status: published
publisher: Optica Publishing Group
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Analog stabilization of an electro-optic I/Q modulator with an auxiliary modulation
  tone
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 62
year: '2023'
...