---
_id: '9569'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We report the synthesis and characterization of graphene functionalized with
    iron (Fe3+) oxide (G-Fe3O4) nanohybrids for radio-frequency magnetic hyperthermia
    application. We adopted the wet chemical procedure, using various contents of
    Fe3O4 (magnetite) from 0–100% for making two-dimensional graphene–Fe3O4 nanohybrids.
    The homogeneous dispersal of Fe3O4 nanoparticles decorated on the graphene surface
    combined with their biocompatibility and high thermal conductivity make them an
    excellent material for magnetic hyperthermia. The morphological and magnetic properties
    of the nanohybrids were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a
    vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), respectively. The smart magnetic platforms
    were exposed to an alternating current (AC) magnetic field of 633 kHz and of strength
    9.1 mT for studying their hyperthermic performance. The localized antitumor effects
    were investigated with artificial neural network modeling. A neural net time-series
    model was developed for the assessment of the best nanohybrid composition to serve
    the purpose with an accuracy close to 100%. Six Nonlinear Autoregressive with
    External Input (NARX) models were obtained, one for each of the components. The
    assessment of the accuracy of the predicted results has been done on the basis
    of Mean Squared Error (MSE). The highest Mean Squared Error value was obtained
    for the nanohybrid containing 45% magnetite and 55% graphene (F45G55) in the training
    phase i.e., 0.44703, which is where the model achieved optimal results after 71
    epochs. The F45G55 nanohybrid was found to be the best for hyperthermia applications
    in low dosage with the highest specific absorption rate (SAR) and mean squared
    error values.
acknowledgement: The research is funded by Higher Education Commission (HEC) Pakistan
  under start-up research grant program (SRGP) Project no. 2454.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: M. S.
  full_name: Dar, M. S.
  last_name: Dar
- first_name: Khush Bakhat
  full_name: Akram, Khush Bakhat
  last_name: Akram
- first_name: Ayesha
  full_name: Sohail, Ayesha
  last_name: Sohail
- first_name: Fatima
  full_name: Arif, Fatima
  last_name: Arif
- first_name: Fatemeh
  full_name: Zabihi, Fatemeh
  last_name: Zabihi
- first_name: Shengyuan
  full_name: Yang, Shengyuan
  last_name: Yang
- first_name: Shamsa
  full_name: Munir, Shamsa
  last_name: Munir
- first_name: Meifang
  full_name: Zhu, Meifang
  last_name: Zhu
- first_name: M.
  full_name: Abid, M.
  last_name: Abid
- first_name: Muhammad
  full_name: Nauman, Muhammad
  id: 32c21954-2022-11eb-9d5f-af9f93c24e71
  last_name: Nauman
  orcid: 0000-0002-2111-4846
citation:
  ama: Dar MS, Akram KB, Sohail A, et al. Heat induction in two-dimensional graphene–Fe3O4
    nanohybrids for magnetic hyperthermia applications with artificial neural network
    modeling. <i>RSC Advances</i>. 2021;11(35):21702-21715. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/d1ra03428f">10.1039/d1ra03428f</a>
  apa: Dar, M. S., Akram, K. B., Sohail, A., Arif, F., Zabihi, F., Yang, S., … Nauman,
    M. (2021). Heat induction in two-dimensional graphene–Fe3O4 nanohybrids for magnetic
    hyperthermia applications with artificial neural network modeling. <i>RSC Advances</i>.
    Royal Society of Chemistry. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/d1ra03428f">https://doi.org/10.1039/d1ra03428f</a>
  chicago: Dar, M. S., Khush Bakhat Akram, Ayesha Sohail, Fatima Arif, Fatemeh Zabihi,
    Shengyuan Yang, Shamsa Munir, Meifang Zhu, M. Abid, and Muhammad Nauman. “Heat
    Induction in Two-Dimensional Graphene–Fe3O4 Nanohybrids for Magnetic Hyperthermia
    Applications with Artificial Neural Network Modeling.” <i>RSC Advances</i>. Royal
    Society of Chemistry, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/d1ra03428f">https://doi.org/10.1039/d1ra03428f</a>.
  ieee: M. S. Dar <i>et al.</i>, “Heat induction in two-dimensional graphene–Fe3O4
    nanohybrids for magnetic hyperthermia applications with artificial neural network
    modeling,” <i>RSC Advances</i>, vol. 11, no. 35. Royal Society of Chemistry, pp.
    21702–21715, 2021.
  ista: Dar MS, Akram KB, Sohail A, Arif F, Zabihi F, Yang S, Munir S, Zhu M, Abid
    M, Nauman M. 2021. Heat induction in two-dimensional graphene–Fe3O4 nanohybrids
    for magnetic hyperthermia applications with artificial neural network modeling.
    RSC Advances. 11(35), 21702–21715.
  mla: Dar, M. S., et al. “Heat Induction in Two-Dimensional Graphene–Fe3O4 Nanohybrids
    for Magnetic Hyperthermia Applications with Artificial Neural Network Modeling.”
    <i>RSC Advances</i>, vol. 11, no. 35, Royal Society of Chemistry, 2021, pp. 21702–15,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/d1ra03428f">10.1039/d1ra03428f</a>.
  short: M.S. Dar, K.B. Akram, A. Sohail, F. Arif, F. Zabihi, S. Yang, S. Munir, M.
    Zhu, M. Abid, M. Nauman, RSC Advances 11 (2021) 21702–21715.
date_created: 2021-06-19T07:27:45Z
date_published: 2021-06-18T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-08T14:23:21Z
day: '18'
ddc:
- '540'
department:
- _id: KiMo
doi: 10.1039/d1ra03428f
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000665644000048'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: cd582d67ace7151078e46b3a896871a9
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: asandaue
  date_created: 2021-06-23T13:09:34Z
  date_updated: 2021-06-23T13:09:34Z
  file_id: '9596'
  file_name: 2021_RSCAdvances_Dar.pdf
  file_size: 2114557
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2021-06-23T13:09:34Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        11'
isi: 1
issue: '35'
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 21702-21715
publication: RSC Advances
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 2046-2069
publication_status: published
publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Heat induction in two-dimensional graphene–Fe3O4 nanohybrids for magnetic hyperthermia
  applications with artificial neural network modeling
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0)
  short: CC BY (3.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 11
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '11987'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: A method for the direct lithiation of terminal alkynes and heterocycles with
    subsequent carboxylation in a continuous flow format was developed. This method
    provides carboxylic acids at ambient conditions within less than five seconds
    with only little excess of the organometallic base and CO2.
article_number: '13430'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: letter_note
author:
- first_name: Bartholomäus
  full_name: Pieber, Bartholomäus
  id: 93e5e5b2-0da6-11ed-8a41-af589a024726
  last_name: Pieber
  orcid: 0000-0001-8689-388X
- first_name: Toma
  full_name: Glasnov, Toma
  last_name: Glasnov
- first_name: C. O.
  full_name: Kappe, C. O.
  last_name: Kappe
citation:
  ama: 'Pieber B, Glasnov T, Kappe CO. Flash carboxylation: Fast lithiation–carboxylation
    sequence at room temperature in continuous flow. <i>RSC Advances</i>. 2014;4(26).
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/c4ra01442a">10.1039/c4ra01442a</a>'
  apa: 'Pieber, B., Glasnov, T., &#38; Kappe, C. O. (2014). Flash carboxylation: Fast
    lithiation–carboxylation sequence at room temperature in continuous flow. <i>RSC
    Advances</i>. Royal Society of Chemistry. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/c4ra01442a">https://doi.org/10.1039/c4ra01442a</a>'
  chicago: 'Pieber, Bartholomäus, Toma Glasnov, and C. O. Kappe. “Flash Carboxylation:
    Fast Lithiation–Carboxylation Sequence at Room Temperature in Continuous Flow.”
    <i>RSC Advances</i>. Royal Society of Chemistry, 2014. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/c4ra01442a">https://doi.org/10.1039/c4ra01442a</a>.'
  ieee: 'B. Pieber, T. Glasnov, and C. O. Kappe, “Flash carboxylation: Fast lithiation–carboxylation
    sequence at room temperature in continuous flow,” <i>RSC Advances</i>, vol. 4,
    no. 26. Royal Society of Chemistry, 2014.'
  ista: 'Pieber B, Glasnov T, Kappe CO. 2014. Flash carboxylation: Fast lithiation–carboxylation
    sequence at room temperature in continuous flow. RSC Advances. 4(26), 13430.'
  mla: 'Pieber, Bartholomäus, et al. “Flash Carboxylation: Fast Lithiation–Carboxylation
    Sequence at Room Temperature in Continuous Flow.” <i>RSC Advances</i>, vol. 4,
    no. 26, 13430, Royal Society of Chemistry, 2014, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/c4ra01442a">10.1039/c4ra01442a</a>.'
  short: B. Pieber, T. Glasnov, C.O. Kappe, RSC Advances 4 (2014).
date_created: 2022-08-25T11:48:19Z
date_published: 2014-03-03T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-21T10:10:31Z
day: '03'
doi: 10.1039/c4ra01442a
extern: '1'
intvolume: '         4'
issue: '26'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '03'
oa_version: None
publication: RSC Advances
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 2046-2069
publication_status: published
publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Flash carboxylation: Fast lithiation–carboxylation sequence at room temperature
  in continuous flow'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 4
year: '2014'
...