---
_id: '9447'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'Lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) based water-in-salt electrolytes
    (WiSEs) has recently emerged as a new promising class of electrolytes, primarily
    owing to their wide electrochemical stability windows (~3–4 V), that by far exceed
    the thermodynamic stability window of water (1.23 V). Upon increasing the salt
    concentration towards superconcentration the onset of the oxygen evolution reaction
    (OER) shifts more significantly than the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) does.
    The OER shift has been explained by the accumulation of hydrophobic anions blocking
    water access to the electrode surface, hence by double layer theory. Here we demonstrate
    that the processes during oxidation are much more complex, involving OER, carbon
    and salt decomposition by OER intermediates, and salt precipitation upon local
    oversaturation. The positive shift in the onset potential of oxidation currents
    was elucidated by combining several advanced analysis techniques: rotating ring-disk
    electrode voltammetry, online electrochemical mass spectrometry, and X-ray photoelectron
    spectroscopy, using both dilute and superconcentrated electrolytes. The results
    demonstrate the importance of reactive OER intermediates and surface films for
    electrolyte and electrode stability and motivate further studies of the nature
    of the electrode.'
article_number: '050550'
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Marion
  full_name: Maffre, Marion
  last_name: Maffre
- first_name: Roza
  full_name: Bouchal, Roza
  last_name: Bouchal
- first_name: Stefan Alexander
  full_name: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander
  id: A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425
  last_name: Freunberger
  orcid: 0000-0003-2902-5319
- first_name: Niklas
  full_name: Lindahl, Niklas
  last_name: Lindahl
- first_name: Patrik
  full_name: Johansson, Patrik
  last_name: Johansson
- first_name: Frédéric
  full_name: Favier, Frédéric
  last_name: Favier
- first_name: Olivier
  full_name: Fontaine, Olivier
  last_name: Fontaine
- first_name: Daniel
  full_name: Bélanger, Daniel
  last_name: Bélanger
citation:
  ama: Maffre M, Bouchal R, Freunberger SA, et al. Investigation of electrochemical
    and chemical processes occurring at positive potentials in “Water-in-Salt” electrolytes.
    <i>Journal of The Electrochemical Society</i>. 2021;168(5). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac0300">10.1149/1945-7111/ac0300</a>
  apa: Maffre, M., Bouchal, R., Freunberger, S. A., Lindahl, N., Johansson, P., Favier,
    F., … Bélanger, D. (2021). Investigation of electrochemical and chemical processes
    occurring at positive potentials in “Water-in-Salt” electrolytes. <i>Journal of
    The Electrochemical Society</i>. IOP Publishing. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac0300">https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac0300</a>
  chicago: Maffre, Marion, Roza Bouchal, Stefan Alexander Freunberger, Niklas Lindahl,
    Patrik Johansson, Frédéric Favier, Olivier Fontaine, and Daniel Bélanger. “Investigation
    of Electrochemical and Chemical Processes Occurring at Positive Potentials in
    ‘Water-in-Salt’ Electrolytes.” <i>Journal of The Electrochemical Society</i>.
    IOP Publishing, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac0300">https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac0300</a>.
  ieee: M. Maffre <i>et al.</i>, “Investigation of electrochemical and chemical processes
    occurring at positive potentials in ‘Water-in-Salt’ electrolytes,” <i>Journal
    of The Electrochemical Society</i>, vol. 168, no. 5. IOP Publishing, 2021.
  ista: Maffre M, Bouchal R, Freunberger SA, Lindahl N, Johansson P, Favier F, Fontaine
    O, Bélanger D. 2021. Investigation of electrochemical and chemical processes occurring
    at positive potentials in “Water-in-Salt” electrolytes. Journal of The Electrochemical
    Society. 168(5), 050550.
  mla: Maffre, Marion, et al. “Investigation of Electrochemical and Chemical Processes
    Occurring at Positive Potentials in ‘Water-in-Salt’ Electrolytes.” <i>Journal
    of The Electrochemical Society</i>, vol. 168, no. 5, 050550, IOP Publishing, 2021,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac0300">10.1149/1945-7111/ac0300</a>.
  short: M. Maffre, R. Bouchal, S.A. Freunberger, N. Lindahl, P. Johansson, F. Favier,
    O. Fontaine, D. Bélanger, Journal of The Electrochemical Society 168 (2021).
date_created: 2021-06-03T09:58:38Z
date_published: 2021-05-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-05T13:25:30Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: StFr
doi: 10.1149/1945-7111/ac0300
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000657724200001'
intvolume: '       168'
isi: 1
issue: '5'
keyword:
- Renewable Energy
- Sustainability and the Environment
- Electrochemistry
- Materials Chemistry
- Electronic
- Optical and Magnetic Materials
- Surfaces
- Coatings and Films
- Condensed Matter Physics
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa_version: None
publication: Journal of The Electrochemical Society
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1945-7111
  issn:
  - 0013-4651
publication_status: published
publisher: IOP Publishing
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Investigation of electrochemical and chemical processes occurring at positive
  potentials in “Water-in-Salt” electrolytes
type: journal_article
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
volume: 168
year: '2021'
...