---
_id: '6897'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The apical hook is a transiently formed structure that plays a protective
    role when the germinating seedling penetrates through the soil towards the surface.
    Crucial for proper bending is the local auxin maxima, which defines the concave
    (inner) side of the hook curvature. As no sign of asymmetric auxin distribution
    has been reported in embryonic hypocotyls prior to hook formation, the question
    of how auxin asymmetry is established in the early phases of seedling germination
    remains largely unanswered. Here, we analyzed the auxin distribution and expression
    of PIN auxin efflux carriers from early phases of germination, and show that bending
    of the root in response to gravity is the crucial initial cue that governs the
    hypocotyl bending required for apical hook formation. Importantly, polar auxin
    transport machinery is established gradually after germination starts as a result
    of tight root-hypocotyl interaction and a proper balance between abscisic acid
    and gibberellins.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: LifeSc
- _id: Bio
acknowledgement: "We thank Jiri Friml and Phillip Brewer for inspiring discussion
  and for help in preparing the manuscript. This research was supported by the Scientific
  Service Units (SSU) of IST-Austria through resources provided by the Bioimaging
  Facility\r\n(BIF), the Life Science Facility (LSF).\r\nThis work was supported by
  grants from the European Research Council (Starting Independent Research Grant ERC-2007-Stg-
  207362-HCPO to E.B.). J.P. and M.S. received funds from European Regional Development
  Fund-Project ‘Centre for Experimental Plant Biology’ (No. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000738)."
article_number: dev175919
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Qiang
  full_name: Zhu, Qiang
  id: 40A4B9E6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Zhu
- first_name: Marçal
  full_name: Gallemi, Marçal
  id: 460C6802-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Gallemi
  orcid: 0000-0003-4675-6893
- first_name: Jiří
  full_name: Pospíšil, Jiří
  last_name: Pospíšil
- first_name: Petra
  full_name: Žádníková, Petra
  last_name: Žádníková
- first_name: Miroslav
  full_name: Strnad, Miroslav
  last_name: Strnad
- first_name: Eva
  full_name: Benková, Eva
  id: 38F4F166-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Benková
  orcid: 0000-0002-8510-9739
citation:
  ama: Zhu Q, Gallemi M, Pospíšil J, Žádníková P, Strnad M, Benková E. Root gravity
    response module guides differential growth determining both root bending and apical
    hook formation in Arabidopsis. <i>Development</i>. 2019;146(17). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.175919">10.1242/dev.175919</a>
  apa: Zhu, Q., Gallemi, M., Pospíšil, J., Žádníková, P., Strnad, M., &#38; Benková,
    E. (2019). Root gravity response module guides differential growth determining
    both root bending and apical hook formation in Arabidopsis. <i>Development</i>.
    The Company of Biologists. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.175919">https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.175919</a>
  chicago: Zhu, Qiang, Marçal Gallemi, Jiří Pospíšil, Petra Žádníková, Miroslav Strnad,
    and Eva Benková. “Root Gravity Response Module Guides Differential Growth Determining
    Both Root Bending and Apical Hook Formation in Arabidopsis.” <i>Development</i>.
    The Company of Biologists, 2019. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.175919">https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.175919</a>.
  ieee: Q. Zhu, M. Gallemi, J. Pospíšil, P. Žádníková, M. Strnad, and E. Benková,
    “Root gravity response module guides differential growth determining both root
    bending and apical hook formation in Arabidopsis,” <i>Development</i>, vol. 146,
    no. 17. The Company of Biologists, 2019.
  ista: Zhu Q, Gallemi M, Pospíšil J, Žádníková P, Strnad M, Benková E. 2019. Root
    gravity response module guides differential growth determining both root bending
    and apical hook formation in Arabidopsis. Development. 146(17), dev175919.
  mla: Zhu, Qiang, et al. “Root Gravity Response Module Guides Differential Growth
    Determining Both Root Bending and Apical Hook Formation in Arabidopsis.” <i>Development</i>,
    vol. 146, no. 17, dev175919, The Company of Biologists, 2019, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.175919">10.1242/dev.175919</a>.
  short: Q. Zhu, M. Gallemi, J. Pospíšil, P. Žádníková, M. Strnad, E. Benková, Development
    146 (2019).
date_created: 2019-09-22T22:00:36Z
date_published: 2019-09-12T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-05-07T11:10:55Z
day: '12'
department:
- _id: EvBe
doi: 10.1242/dev.175919
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000486297400011'
  pmid:
  - '31391194'
intvolume: '       146'
isi: 1
issue: '17'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.175919
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 253FCA6A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FP7
  grant_number: '207362'
  name: Hormonal cross-talk in plant organogenesis
publication: Development
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - '14779129'
publication_status: published
publisher: The Company of Biologists
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Root gravity response module guides differential growth determining both root
  bending and apical hook formation in Arabidopsis
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 146
year: '2019'
...