---
_id: '12421'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The actin cytoskeleton plays a key role in cell migration and cellular morphodynamics
    in most eukaryotes. The ability of the actin cytoskeleton to assemble and disassemble
    in a spatiotemporally controlled manner allows it to form higher-order structures,
    which can generate forces required for a cell to explore and navigate through
    its environment. It is regulated not only via a complex synergistic and competitive
    interplay between actin-binding proteins (ABP), but also by filament biochemistry
    and filament geometry. The lack of structural insights into how geometry and ABPs
    regulate the actin cytoskeleton limits our understanding of the molecular mechanisms
    that define actin cytoskeleton remodeling and, in turn, impact emerging cell migration
    characteristics. With the advent of cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and advanced
    computational methods, it is now possible to define these molecular mechanisms
    involving actin and its interactors at both atomic and ultra-structural levels
    in vitro and in cellulo. In this review, we will provide an overview of the available
    cryo-EM methods, applicable to further our understanding of the actin cytoskeleton,
    specifically in the context of cell migration. We will discuss how these methods
    have been employed to elucidate ABP- and geometry-defined regulatory mechanisms
    in initiating, maintaining, and disassembling cellular actin networks in migratory
    protrusions.
acknowledgement: 'We apologize for not being able to mention and cite additional excellent
  work that would have fit the scope of this review, due to space restraints. We thank
  Jesse Hansen for comments on the manuscript. We acknowledge support from the Austrian
  Science Fund (FWF): P33367 and the Institute of Science and Technology Austria.'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Florian
  full_name: Fäßler, Florian
  id: 404F5528-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Fäßler
  orcid: 0000-0001-7149-769X
- first_name: Manjunath
  full_name: Javoor, Manjunath
  id: 305ab18b-dc7d-11ea-9b2f-b58195228ea2
  last_name: Javoor
- first_name: Florian KM
  full_name: Schur, Florian KM
  id: 48AD8942-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Schur
  orcid: 0000-0003-4790-8078
citation:
  ama: Fäßler F, Javoor M, Schur FK. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms of actin
    cytoskeleton regulation in cell migration using cryo-EM. <i>Biochemical Society
    Transactions</i>. 2023;51(1):87-99. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1042/bst20220221">10.1042/bst20220221</a>
  apa: Fäßler, F., Javoor, M., &#38; Schur, F. K. (2023). Deciphering the molecular
    mechanisms of actin cytoskeleton regulation in cell migration using cryo-EM. <i>Biochemical
    Society Transactions</i>. Portland Press. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1042/bst20220221">https://doi.org/10.1042/bst20220221</a>
  chicago: Fäßler, Florian, Manjunath Javoor, and Florian KM Schur. “Deciphering the
    Molecular Mechanisms of Actin Cytoskeleton Regulation in Cell Migration Using
    Cryo-EM.” <i>Biochemical Society Transactions</i>. Portland Press, 2023. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1042/bst20220221">https://doi.org/10.1042/bst20220221</a>.
  ieee: F. Fäßler, M. Javoor, and F. K. Schur, “Deciphering the molecular mechanisms
    of actin cytoskeleton regulation in cell migration using cryo-EM,” <i>Biochemical
    Society Transactions</i>, vol. 51, no. 1. Portland Press, pp. 87–99, 2023.
  ista: Fäßler F, Javoor M, Schur FK. 2023. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms of
    actin cytoskeleton regulation in cell migration using cryo-EM. Biochemical Society
    Transactions. 51(1), 87–99.
  mla: Fäßler, Florian, et al. “Deciphering the Molecular Mechanisms of Actin Cytoskeleton
    Regulation in Cell Migration Using Cryo-EM.” <i>Biochemical Society Transactions</i>,
    vol. 51, no. 1, Portland Press, 2023, pp. 87–99, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1042/bst20220221">10.1042/bst20220221</a>.
  short: F. Fäßler, M. Javoor, F.K. Schur, Biochemical Society Transactions 51 (2023)
    87–99.
date_created: 2023-01-27T10:08:19Z
date_published: 2023-02-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-01T12:55:32Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: FlSc
doi: 10.1042/bst20220221
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000926043100001'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 4e7069845e3dad22bb44fb71ec624c60
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2023-03-16T07:58:16Z
  date_updated: 2023-03-16T07:58:16Z
  file_id: '12728'
  file_name: 2023_BioChemicalSocietyTransactions_Faessler.pdf
  file_size: 10045006
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2023-03-16T07:58:16Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        51'
isi: 1
issue: '1'
keyword:
- Biochemistry
language:
- iso: eng
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 87-99
project:
- _id: 9B954C5C-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A
  grant_number: P33367
  name: Structure and isoform diversity of the Arp2/3 complex
publication: Biochemical Society Transactions
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1470-8752
  issn:
  - 0300-5127
publication_status: published
publisher: Portland Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Deciphering the molecular mechanisms of actin cytoskeleton regulation in cell
  migration using cryo-EM
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 51
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '1915'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: ROPs (Rho of plants) belong to a large family of plant-specific Rho-like small
    GTPases that function as essential molecular switches to control diverse cellular
    processes including cytoskeleton organization, cell polarization, cytokinesis,
    cell differentiation and vesicle trafficking. Although the machineries of vesicle
    trafficking and cell polarity in plants have been individually well addressed,
    how ROPs co-ordinate those processes is still largely unclear. Recent progress
    has been made towards an understanding of the coordination of ROP signalling and
    trafficking of PIN (PINFORMED) transporters for the plant hormone auxin in both
    root and leaf pavement cells. PIN transporters constantly shuttle between the
    endosomal compartments and the polar plasma membrane domains, therefore the modulation
    of PIN-dependent auxin transport between cells is a main developmental output
    of ROP-regulated vesicle trafficking. The present review focuses on these cellular
    mechanisms, especially the integration of ROP-based vesicle trafficking and plant
    cell polarity.
acknowledgement: This work was supported by the European Research Council [project
  ERC-2011-StG-20101109-PSDP], Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC) [grant
  number CZ.1.05/1.1.00/02.0068], European Social Fund [grant number CZ.1.07/2.3.00/20.0043]
  and the Czec
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Xu
  full_name: Chen, Xu
  id: 4E5ADCAA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Chen
- first_name: Jirí
  full_name: Friml, Jirí
  id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Friml
  orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
citation:
  ama: Chen X, Friml J. Rho-GTPase-regulated vesicle trafficking in plant cell polarity.
    <i>Biochemical Society Transactions</i>. 2014;42(1):212-218. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1042/BST20130269">10.1042/BST20130269</a>
  apa: Chen, X., &#38; Friml, J. (2014). Rho-GTPase-regulated vesicle trafficking
    in plant cell polarity. <i>Biochemical Society Transactions</i>. Portland Press.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1042/BST20130269">https://doi.org/10.1042/BST20130269</a>
  chicago: Chen, Xu, and Jiří Friml. “Rho-GTPase-Regulated Vesicle Trafficking in
    Plant Cell Polarity.” <i>Biochemical Society Transactions</i>. Portland Press,
    2014. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1042/BST20130269">https://doi.org/10.1042/BST20130269</a>.
  ieee: X. Chen and J. Friml, “Rho-GTPase-regulated vesicle trafficking in plant cell
    polarity,” <i>Biochemical Society Transactions</i>, vol. 42, no. 1. Portland Press,
    pp. 212–218, 2014.
  ista: Chen X, Friml J. 2014. Rho-GTPase-regulated vesicle trafficking in plant cell
    polarity. Biochemical Society Transactions. 42(1), 212–218.
  mla: Chen, Xu, and Jiří Friml. “Rho-GTPase-Regulated Vesicle Trafficking in Plant
    Cell Polarity.” <i>Biochemical Society Transactions</i>, vol. 42, no. 1, Portland
    Press, 2014, pp. 212–18, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1042/BST20130269">10.1042/BST20130269</a>.
  short: X. Chen, J. Friml, Biochemical Society Transactions 42 (2014) 212–218.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:54:41Z
date_published: 2014-02-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-05-07T11:12:31Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: JiFr
doi: 10.1042/BST20130269
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '24450654'
intvolume: '        42'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '02'
oa_version: None
page: 212 - 218
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 25716A02-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FP7
  grant_number: '282300'
  name: Polarity and subcellular dynamics in plants
publication: Biochemical Society Transactions
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1470-8752
  issn:
  - 0300-5127
publication_status: published
publisher: Portland Press
publist_id: '5179'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Rho-GTPase-regulated vesicle trafficking in plant cell polarity
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 42
year: '2014'
...