---
_id: '3468'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Two types of metabolically regulated K channels have been identified for
    the first time in enzymatically demyelinated fibres of amphibian sciatic nerve
    using the patch-clamp technique. A maxi K channel with a single-channel conductance
    of 132 pS (105 mM K on both sides of the membrane, 15°C) is activated both by
    micromolar concentrations of internal Ca and by depolarization. A second type
    of K channel with a conductance of 44 pS is inhibited by intracellular adenosine
    5'-triphosphate (ATP) with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 35
    μM. It is blocked by submicromolar concentrations of external glibenclamide. Both
    channels are sensitive to external tetraethylammonium chloride (IC50 = 0.2 mM
    for the maxi K channel and 4.2 mM for the ATP-sensitive channel). They may be
    part of a complex feedback system regulating axonal excitability under various
    metabolic conditions.\r\n"
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Peter M
  full_name: Jonas, Peter M
  id: 353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Jonas
  orcid: 0000-0001-5001-4804
- first_name: Duk
  full_name: Koh, Duk
  last_name: Koh
- first_name: Knut
  full_name: Kampe, Knut
  last_name: Kampe
- first_name: Markus
  full_name: Hermsteiner, Markus
  last_name: Hermsteiner
- first_name: Werner
  full_name: Vogel, Werner
  last_name: Vogel
citation:
  ama: 'Jonas PM, Koh D, Kampe K, Hermsteiner M, Vogel W. ATP-sensitive and Ca-activated
    K channels in vertebrate axons: novel links between metabolism and excitability.
    <i>Pflügers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology</i>. 1991;418(1-2):68-73.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00370453">10.1007/BF00370453</a>'
  apa: 'Jonas, P. M., Koh, D., Kampe, K., Hermsteiner, M., &#38; Vogel, W. (1991).
    ATP-sensitive and Ca-activated K channels in vertebrate axons: novel links between
    metabolism and excitability. <i>Pflügers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology</i>.
    Springer. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00370453">https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00370453</a>'
  chicago: 'Jonas, Peter M, Duk Koh, Knut Kampe, Markus Hermsteiner, and Werner Vogel.
    “ATP-Sensitive and Ca-Activated K Channels in Vertebrate Axons: Novel Links between
    Metabolism and Excitability.” <i>Pflügers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology</i>.
    Springer, 1991. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00370453">https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00370453</a>.'
  ieee: 'P. M. Jonas, D. Koh, K. Kampe, M. Hermsteiner, and W. Vogel, “ATP-sensitive
    and Ca-activated K channels in vertebrate axons: novel links between metabolism
    and excitability,” <i>Pflügers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology</i>, vol.
    418, no. 1–2. Springer, pp. 68–73, 1991.'
  ista: 'Jonas PM, Koh D, Kampe K, Hermsteiner M, Vogel W. 1991. ATP-sensitive and
    Ca-activated K channels in vertebrate axons: novel links between metabolism and
    excitability. Pflügers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology. 418(1–2), 68–73.'
  mla: 'Jonas, Peter M., et al. “ATP-Sensitive and Ca-Activated K Channels in Vertebrate
    Axons: Novel Links between Metabolism and Excitability.” <i>Pflügers Archiv :
    European Journal of Physiology</i>, vol. 418, no. 1–2, Springer, 1991, pp. 68–73,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00370453">10.1007/BF00370453</a>.'
  short: 'P.M. Jonas, D. Koh, K. Kampe, M. Hermsteiner, W. Vogel, Pflügers Archiv :
    European Journal of Physiology 418 (1991) 68–73.'
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:03:29Z
date_published: 1991-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-03-03T14:42:06Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1007/BF00370453
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '2041727'
intvolume: '       418'
issue: 1-2
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00370453
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: 68 - 73
pmid: 1
publication: 'Pflügers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology'
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1432-2013
  issn:
  - 0031-6768
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
publist_id: '2919'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'ATP-sensitive and Ca-activated K channels in vertebrate axons: novel links
  between metabolism and excitability'
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 418
year: '1991'
...
---
_id: '3464'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The effects of the major neurotoxic fraction isolated from scorpion venom
    of Tityus serrulatus, TiTx gamma, on peripheral nerve membrane of Xenopus laevis
    were studied under current- and voltage-clamp conditions. 700 nmol/l TiTx gamma
    depolarized the membrane and induced spontaneous activity (150 s-1, maximum value),
    which ceased within a few minutes. It reduced the amplitude of the action potentials
    from 109 mV to 52 mV and increased their duration from 1.25 ms to 4.5 ms. 440
    nmol/l TiTx gamma induced inward Na current flow at resting potential. The descending
    branch of the Na current-voltage curve was flattened and shifted approximately
    10 mV to more negative potentials. Maximum Na permeability was reduced to about
    20%. Both development of and recovery from inactivation of Na permeability were
    slowed. The steepness of the steady-state inactivation curve was decreased, but
    the mid-potential changed only insignificantly. No prepulse was necessary to elicit
    either a shift of activation or an inward current at resting potential. Expressing
    the toxin effect either in terms of the decrease of Na peak current or of the
    slowing of inactivation, half-maximum effects were found with 0.3 +/- 0.1 and
    3.7 +/- 0.7 mumol/l TiTx gamma, respectively.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Peter M
  full_name: Jonas, Peter M
  id: 353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Jonas
  orcid: 0000-0001-5001-4804
- first_name: Werner
  full_name: Vogel, Werner
  last_name: Vogel
- first_name: Eliane
  full_name: Arantes, Eliane
  last_name: Arantes
- first_name: Jose
  full_name: Giglio, Jose
  last_name: Giglio
citation:
  ama: 'Jonas PM, Vogel W, Arantes E, Giglio J. Toxin γ of the scorpion Tityus serrulatus
    modifies both activation and inactivation of sodium permeability of nerve membrane.
    <i>Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology</i>. 1986;407(1):92-99. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00580727">10.1007/BF00580727</a>'
  apa: 'Jonas, P. M., Vogel, W., Arantes, E., &#38; Giglio, J. (1986). Toxin γ of
    the scorpion Tityus serrulatus modifies both activation and inactivation of sodium
    permeability of nerve membrane. <i>Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology</i>.
    Springer. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00580727">https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00580727</a>'
  chicago: 'Jonas, Peter M, Werner Vogel, Eliane Arantes, and Jose Giglio. “Toxin
    γ of the Scorpion Tityus Serrulatus Modifies Both Activation and Inactivation
    of Sodium Permeability of Nerve Membrane.” <i>Pflugers Archiv : European Journal
    of Physiology</i>. Springer, 1986. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00580727">https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00580727</a>.'
  ieee: 'P. M. Jonas, W. Vogel, E. Arantes, and J. Giglio, “Toxin γ of the scorpion
    Tityus serrulatus modifies both activation and inactivation of sodium permeability
    of nerve membrane,” <i>Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology</i>, vol.
    407, no. 1. Springer, pp. 92–99, 1986.'
  ista: 'Jonas PM, Vogel W, Arantes E, Giglio J. 1986. Toxin γ of the scorpion Tityus
    serrulatus modifies both activation and inactivation of sodium permeability of
    nerve membrane. Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology. 407(1), 92–99.'
  mla: 'Jonas, Peter M., et al. “Toxin γ of the Scorpion Tityus Serrulatus Modifies
    Both Activation and Inactivation of Sodium Permeability of Nerve Membrane.” <i>Pflugers
    Archiv : European Journal of Physiology</i>, vol. 407, no. 1, Springer, 1986,
    pp. 92–99, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00580727">10.1007/BF00580727</a>.'
  short: 'P.M. Jonas, W. Vogel, E. Arantes, J. Giglio, Pflugers Archiv : European
    Journal of Physiology 407 (1986) 92–99.'
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:03:28Z
date_published: 1986-07-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-02-03T09:46:42Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1007/BF00580727
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '2426654 '
intvolume: '       407'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '07'
oa_version: None
page: 92 - 99
pmid: 1
publication: 'Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology'
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1432-2013
  issn:
  - 0031-6768
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
publist_id: '2923'
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Toxin γ of the scorpion Tityus serrulatus modifies both activation and inactivation
  of sodium permeability of nerve membrane
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 407
year: '1986'
...