@article{3468,
  abstract     = {Two types of metabolically regulated K channels have been identified for the first time in enzymatically demyelinated fibres of amphibian sciatic nerve using the patch-clamp technique. A maxi K channel with a single-channel conductance of 132 pS (105 mM K on both sides of the membrane, 15°C) is activated both by micromolar concentrations of internal Ca and by depolarization. A second type of K channel with a conductance of 44 pS is inhibited by intracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 35 μM. It is blocked by submicromolar concentrations of external glibenclamide. Both channels are sensitive to external tetraethylammonium chloride (IC50 = 0.2 mM for the maxi K channel and 4.2 mM for the ATP-sensitive channel). They may be part of a complex feedback system regulating axonal excitability under various metabolic conditions.
},
  author       = {Jonas, Peter M and Koh, Duk and Kampe, Knut and Hermsteiner, Markus and Vogel, Werner},
  issn         = {1432-2013},
  journal      = {Pflügers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology},
  number       = {1-2},
  pages        = {68 -- 73},
  publisher    = {Springer},
  title        = {{ATP-sensitive and Ca-activated K channels in vertebrate axons: novel links between metabolism and excitability}},
  doi          = {10.1007/BF00370453},
  volume       = {418},
  year         = {1991},
}

@article{3464,
  abstract     = {The effects of the major neurotoxic fraction isolated from scorpion venom of Tityus serrulatus, TiTx gamma, on peripheral nerve membrane of Xenopus laevis were studied under current- and voltage-clamp conditions. 700 nmol/l TiTx gamma depolarized the membrane and induced spontaneous activity (150 s-1, maximum value), which ceased within a few minutes. It reduced the amplitude of the action potentials from 109 mV to 52 mV and increased their duration from 1.25 ms to 4.5 ms. 440 nmol/l TiTx gamma induced inward Na current flow at resting potential. The descending branch of the Na current-voltage curve was flattened and shifted approximately 10 mV to more negative potentials. Maximum Na permeability was reduced to about 20%. Both development of and recovery from inactivation of Na permeability were slowed. The steepness of the steady-state inactivation curve was decreased, but the mid-potential changed only insignificantly. No prepulse was necessary to elicit either a shift of activation or an inward current at resting potential. Expressing the toxin effect either in terms of the decrease of Na peak current or of the slowing of inactivation, half-maximum effects were found with 0.3 +/- 0.1 and 3.7 +/- 0.7 mumol/l TiTx gamma, respectively.},
  author       = {Jonas, Peter M and Vogel, Werner and Arantes, Eliane and Giglio, Jose},
  issn         = {1432-2013},
  journal      = {Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {92 -- 99},
  publisher    = {Springer},
  title        = {{Toxin γ of the scorpion Tityus serrulatus modifies both activation and inactivation of sodium permeability of nerve membrane}},
  doi          = {10.1007/BF00580727},
  volume       = {407},
  year         = {1986},
}