[{"publisher":"Springer Nature","quality_controlled":"1","page":"3-20","intvolume":"     13950","alternative_title":["LNCS"],"title":"Executing and proving over dirty ledgers","date_created":"2024-01-08T09:17:38Z","department":[{"_id":"ElKo"},{"_id":"GradSch"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","publication_status":"published","author":[{"last_name":"Stefo","first_name":"Christos","full_name":"Stefo, Christos","id":"a20e8902-32b0-11ee-9fa8-b23fa638b793"},{"last_name":"Xiang","first_name":"Zhuolun","full_name":"Xiang, Zhuolun"},{"id":"f5983044-d7ef-11ea-ac6d-fd1430a26d30","first_name":"Eleftherios","last_name":"Kokoris Kogias","full_name":"Kokoris Kogias, Eleftherios"}],"scopus_import":"1","_id":"14735","volume":13950,"acknowledgement":"Eleftherios Kokoris-Kogias is partially supported by Austrian Science Fund (FWF) grant No: F8512-N.","abstract":[{"text":"Scaling blockchain protocols to perform on par with the expected needs of Web3.0 has been proven to be a challenging task with almost a decade of research. In the forefront of the current solution is the idea of separating the execution of the updates encoded in a block from the ordering of blocks. In order to achieve this, a new class of protocols called rollups has emerged. Rollups have as input a total ordering of valid and invalid transactions and as output a new valid state-transition.\r\nIf we study rollups from a distributed computing perspective, we uncover that rollups take as input the output of a Byzantine Atomic Broadcast (BAB) protocol and convert it to a State Machine Replication (SMR) protocol. BAB and SMR, however, are considered equivalent as far as distributed computing is concerned and a solution to one can easily be retrofitted to solve the other simply by adding/removing an execution step before the validation of the input.\r\nThis “easy” step of retrofitting an atomic broadcast solution to implement an SMR has, however, been overlooked in practice. In this paper, we formalize the problem and show that after BAB is solved, traditional impossibility results for consensus no longer apply towards an SMR. Leveraging this we propose a distributed execution protocol that allows reduced execution and storage cost per executor (O(log2n/n)) without relaxing the network assumptions of the underlying BAB protocol and providing censorship-resistance. Finally, we propose efficient non-interactive light client constructions that leverage our efficient execution protocols and do not require any synchrony assumptions or expensive ZK-proofs.","lang":"eng"}],"day":"01","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-47754-6_1","year":"2023","citation":{"ama":"Stefo C, Xiang Z, Kokoris Kogias E. Executing and proving over dirty ledgers. In: <i>27th International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security</i>. Vol 13950. Springer Nature; 2023:3-20. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47754-6_1\">10.1007/978-3-031-47754-6_1</a>","apa":"Stefo, C., Xiang, Z., &#38; Kokoris Kogias, E. (2023). Executing and proving over dirty ledgers. In <i>27th International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security</i> (Vol. 13950, pp. 3–20). Bol, Brac, Croatia: Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47754-6_1\">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47754-6_1</a>","chicago":"Stefo, Christos, Zhuolun Xiang, and Eleftherios Kokoris Kogias. “Executing and Proving over Dirty Ledgers.” In <i>27th International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security</i>, 13950:3–20. Springer Nature, 2023. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47754-6_1\">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47754-6_1</a>.","ieee":"C. Stefo, Z. Xiang, and E. Kokoris Kogias, “Executing and proving over dirty ledgers,” in <i>27th International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security</i>, Bol, Brac, Croatia, 2023, vol. 13950, pp. 3–20.","short":"C. Stefo, Z. Xiang, E. Kokoris Kogias, in:, 27th International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security, Springer Nature, 2023, pp. 3–20.","mla":"Stefo, Christos, et al. “Executing and Proving over Dirty Ledgers.” <i>27th International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security</i>, vol. 13950, Springer Nature, 2023, pp. 3–20, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47754-6_1\">10.1007/978-3-031-47754-6_1</a>.","ista":"Stefo C, Xiang Z, Kokoris Kogias E. 2023. Executing and proving over dirty ledgers. 27th International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security. FC: Financial Cryptography and Data Security, LNCS, vol. 13950, 3–20."},"date_updated":"2024-01-08T09:28:14Z","conference":{"start_date":"2023-05-01","name":"FC: Financial Cryptography and Data Security","end_date":"2023-05-05","location":"Bol, Brac, Croatia"},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"month":"12","project":[{"grant_number":"F8512","name":"Secure Network and Hardware for Efficient Blockchains","_id":"34a4ce89-11ca-11ed-8bc3-8cc37fb6e11f"}],"oa_version":"Preprint","publication":"27th International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","status":"public","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://eprint.iacr.org/2022/1554"}],"oa":1,"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1611-3349"],"eissn":["0302-9743"],"eisbn":["9783031477546"],"isbn":["9783031477539"]},"type":"conference","date_published":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z"},{"date_updated":"2022-09-06T08:25:52Z","citation":{"ista":"Alur R, Giacobbe M, Henzinger TA, Larsen KG, Mikučionis M. 2019.Continuous-time models for system design and analysis. In: Computing and Software Science. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 10000, 452–477.","short":"R. Alur, M. Giacobbe, T.A. Henzinger, K.G. Larsen, M. Mikučionis, in:, B. Steffen, G. Woeginger (Eds.), Computing and Software Science, Springer Nature, 2019, pp. 452–477.","mla":"Alur, Rajeev, et al. “Continuous-Time Models for System Design and Analysis.” <i>Computing and Software Science</i>, edited by Bernhard Steffen and Gerhard Woeginger, vol. 10000, Springer Nature, 2019, pp. 452–77, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91908-9_22\">10.1007/978-3-319-91908-9_22</a>.","ieee":"R. Alur, M. Giacobbe, T. A. Henzinger, K. G. Larsen, and M. Mikučionis, “Continuous-time models for system design and analysis,” in <i>Computing and Software Science</i>, vol. 10000, B. Steffen and G. Woeginger, Eds. Springer Nature, 2019, pp. 452–477.","chicago":"Alur, Rajeev, Mirco Giacobbe, Thomas A Henzinger, Kim G. Larsen, and Marius Mikučionis. “Continuous-Time Models for System Design and Analysis.” In <i>Computing and Software Science</i>, edited by Bernhard Steffen and Gerhard Woeginger, 10000:452–77. LNCS. Springer Nature, 2019. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91908-9_22\">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91908-9_22</a>.","apa":"Alur, R., Giacobbe, M., Henzinger, T. A., Larsen, K. G., &#38; Mikučionis, M. (2019). Continuous-time models for system design and analysis. In B. Steffen &#38; G. Woeginger (Eds.), <i>Computing and Software Science</i> (Vol. 10000, pp. 452–477). Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91908-9_22\">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91908-9_22</a>","ama":"Alur R, Giacobbe M, Henzinger TA, Larsen KG, Mikučionis M. Continuous-time models for system design and analysis. In: Steffen B, Woeginger G, eds. <i>Computing and Software Science</i>. Vol 10000. LNCS. Springer Nature; 2019:452-477. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91908-9_22\">10.1007/978-3-319-91908-9_22</a>"},"year":"2019","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-91908-9_22","day":"05","abstract":[{"text":"We illustrate the ingredients of the state-of-the-art of model-based approach for the formal design and verification of cyber-physical systems. To capture the interaction between a discrete controller and its continuously evolving environment, we use the formal models of timed and hybrid automata. We explain the steps of modeling and verification in the tools Uppaal and SpaceEx using a case study based on a dual-chamber implantable pacemaker monitoring a human heart. We show how to design a model as a composition of components, how to construct models at varying levels of detail, how to establish that one model is an abstraction of another, how to specify correctness requirements using temporal logic, and how to verify that a model satisfies a logical requirement.","lang":"eng"}],"acknowledgement":"This research was supported in part by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) under grants S11402-N23(RiSE/SHiNE) and Z211-N23 (Wittgenstein Award). This research has received funding from the Sino-Danish Basic Research Centre, IDEA4CPS, funded by the Danish National Research Foundation and the National Science Foundation, China, the Innovation Fund Denmark centre DiCyPS, as well as the ERC Advanced Grant LASSO.","volume":10000,"_id":"7453","scopus_import":"1","author":[{"full_name":"Alur, Rajeev","first_name":"Rajeev","last_name":"Alur"},{"id":"3444EA5E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Mirco","last_name":"Giacobbe","orcid":"0000-0001-8180-0904","full_name":"Giacobbe, Mirco"},{"orcid":"0000−0002−2985−7724","full_name":"Henzinger, Thomas A","first_name":"Thomas A","last_name":"Henzinger","id":"40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"last_name":"Larsen","first_name":"Kim G.","full_name":"Larsen, Kim G."},{"last_name":"Mikučionis","first_name":"Marius","full_name":"Mikučionis, Marius"}],"publication_status":"published","department":[{"_id":"ToHe"}],"date_created":"2020-02-05T10:51:44Z","article_processing_charge":"No","title":"Continuous-time models for system design and analysis","alternative_title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science"],"intvolume":"     10000","page":"452-477","series_title":"LNCS","quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"Springer Nature","editor":[{"full_name":"Steffen, Bernhard","last_name":"Steffen","first_name":"Bernhard"},{"last_name":"Woeginger","first_name":"Gerhard","full_name":"Woeginger, Gerhard"}],"date_published":"2019-10-05T00:00:00Z","type":"book_chapter","publication_identifier":{"eisbn":["9783319919089"],"eissn":["0302-9743"],"issn":["1611-3349"],"isbn":["9783319919072"]},"oa":1,"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91908-9_22","open_access":"1"}],"status":"public","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","publication":"Computing and Software Science","oa_version":"Published Version","project":[{"_id":"25F2ACDE-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FWF","name":"Rigorous Systems Engineering","grant_number":"S11402-N23"},{"_id":"25F42A32-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FWF","grant_number":"Z211","name":"The Wittgenstein Prize"}],"month":"10","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]}]