---
_id: '9197'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: In this paper we introduce and study all-pay bidding games, a class of two
player, zero-sum games on graphs. The game proceeds as follows. We place a token
on some vertex in the graph and assign budgets to the two players. Each turn,
each player submits a sealed legal bid (non-negative and below their remaining
budget), which is deducted from their budget and the highest bidder moves the
token onto an adjacent vertex. The game ends once a sink is reached, and Player
1 pays Player 2 the outcome that is associated with the sink. The players attempt
to maximize their expected outcome. Our games model settings where effort (of
no inherent value) needs to be invested in an ongoing and stateful manner. On
the negative side, we show that even in simple games on DAGs, optimal strategies
may require a distribution over bids with infinite support. A central quantity
in bidding games is the ratio of the players budgets. On the positive side, we
show a simple FPTAS for DAGs, that, for each budget ratio, outputs an approximation
for the optimal strategy for that ratio. We also implement it, show that it performs
well, and suggests interesting properties of these games. Then, given an outcome
c, we show an algorithm for finding the necessary and sufficient initial ratio
for guaranteeing outcome c with probability 1 and a strategy ensuring such. Finally,
while the general case has not previously been studied, solving the specific game
in which Player 1 wins iff he wins the first two auctions, has been long stated
as an open question, which we solve.
acknowledgement: This research was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) under
grants S11402-N23 (RiSE/SHiNE), Z211-N23 (Wittgenstein Award), and M 2369-N33 (Meitner
fellowship).
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Guy
full_name: Avni, Guy
id: 463C8BC2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Avni
orcid: 0000-0001-5588-8287
- first_name: Rasmus
full_name: Ibsen-Jensen, Rasmus
id: 3B699956-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Ibsen-Jensen
orcid: 0000-0003-4783-0389
- first_name: Josef
full_name: Tkadlec, Josef
id: 3F24CCC8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Tkadlec
orcid: 0000-0002-1097-9684
citation:
ama: Avni G, Ibsen-Jensen R, Tkadlec J. All-pay bidding games on graphs. Proceedings
of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence. 2020;34(02):1798-1805.
doi:10.1609/aaai.v34i02.5546
apa: 'Avni, G., Ibsen-Jensen, R., & Tkadlec, J. (2020). All-pay bidding games
on graphs. Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence.
New York, NY, United States: Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence.
https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i02.5546'
chicago: Avni, Guy, Rasmus Ibsen-Jensen, and Josef Tkadlec. “All-Pay Bidding Games
on Graphs.” Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence.
Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i02.5546.
ieee: G. Avni, R. Ibsen-Jensen, and J. Tkadlec, “All-pay bidding games on graphs,”
Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, vol. 34,
no. 02. Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, pp. 1798–1805,
2020.
ista: Avni G, Ibsen-Jensen R, Tkadlec J. 2020. All-pay bidding games on graphs.
Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence. 34(02), 1798–1805.
mla: Avni, Guy, et al. “All-Pay Bidding Games on Graphs.” Proceedings of the
AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, vol. 34, no. 02, Association for
the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, 2020, pp. 1798–805, doi:10.1609/aaai.v34i02.5546.
short: G. Avni, R. Ibsen-Jensen, J. Tkadlec, Proceedings of the AAAI Conference
on Artificial Intelligence 34 (2020) 1798–1805.
conference:
end_date: 2020-02-12
location: New York, NY, United States
name: 'AAAI: Conference on Artificial Intelligence'
start_date: 2020-02-07
date_created: 2021-02-25T09:05:18Z
date_published: 2020-04-03T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-05T12:40:00Z
day: '03'
department:
- _id: ToHe
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.1609/aaai.v34i02.5546
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1911.08360'
intvolume: ' 34'
issue: '02'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '04'
oa_version: Preprint
page: 1798-1805
project:
- _id: 25F2ACDE-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: S11402-N23
name: Rigorous Systems Engineering
- _id: 25F42A32-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: Z211
name: The Wittgenstein Prize
- _id: 264B3912-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: M02369
name: Formal Methods meets Algorithmic Game Theory
publication: Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2374-3468
isbn:
- '9781577358350'
issn:
- 2159-5399
publication_status: published
publisher: Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: All-pay bidding games on graphs
type: journal_article
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
volume: 34
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '9814'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Data and mathematica notebooks for plotting figures from Language learning
with communication between learners
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Rasmus
full_name: Ibsen-Jensen, Rasmus
id: 3B699956-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Ibsen-Jensen
orcid: 0000-0003-4783-0389
- first_name: Josef
full_name: Tkadlec, Josef
id: 3F24CCC8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Tkadlec
orcid: 0000-0002-1097-9684
- first_name: Krishnendu
full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Chatterjee
orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
- first_name: Martin
full_name: Nowak, Martin
last_name: Nowak
citation:
ama: Ibsen-Jensen R, Tkadlec J, Chatterjee K, Nowak M. Data and mathematica notebooks
for plotting figures from language learning with communication between learners
from language acquisition with communication between learners. 2020. doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.5973013.v1
apa: Ibsen-Jensen, R., Tkadlec, J., Chatterjee, K., & Nowak, M. (2020). Data
and mathematica notebooks for plotting figures from language learning with communication
between learners from language acquisition with communication between learners.
Royal Society. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.5973013.v1
chicago: Ibsen-Jensen, Rasmus, Josef Tkadlec, Krishnendu Chatterjee, and Martin
Nowak. “Data and Mathematica Notebooks for Plotting Figures from Language Learning
with Communication between Learners from Language Acquisition with Communication
between Learners.” Royal Society, 2020. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.5973013.v1.
ieee: R. Ibsen-Jensen, J. Tkadlec, K. Chatterjee, and M. Nowak, “Data and mathematica
notebooks for plotting figures from language learning with communication between
learners from language acquisition with communication between learners.” Royal
Society, 2020.
ista: Ibsen-Jensen R, Tkadlec J, Chatterjee K, Nowak M. 2020. Data and mathematica
notebooks for plotting figures from language learning with communication between
learners from language acquisition with communication between learners, Royal
Society, 10.6084/m9.figshare.5973013.v1.
mla: Ibsen-Jensen, Rasmus, et al. Data and Mathematica Notebooks for Plotting
Figures from Language Learning with Communication between Learners from Language
Acquisition with Communication between Learners. Royal Society, 2020, doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.5973013.v1.
short: R. Ibsen-Jensen, J. Tkadlec, K. Chatterjee, M. Nowak, (2020).
date_created: 2021-08-06T13:09:57Z
date_published: 2020-10-15T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-10-18T06:36:00Z
day: '15'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5973013.v1
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.5973013.v1
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publisher: Royal Society
related_material:
record:
- id: '198'
relation: used_in_publication
status: public
status: public
title: Data and mathematica notebooks for plotting figures from language learning
with communication between learners from language acquisition with communication
between learners
type: research_data_reference
user_id: 6785fbc1-c503-11eb-8a32-93094b40e1cf
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '7950'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "The input to the token swapping problem is a graph with vertices v1, v2,
. . . , vn, and n tokens with labels 1,2, . . . , n, one on each vertex. The
goal is to get token i to vertex vi for all i= 1, . . . , n using a minimum number
of swaps, where a swap exchanges the tokens on the endpoints of an edge.Token
swapping on a tree, also known as “sorting with a transposition tree,” is not
known to be in P nor NP-complete. We present some partial results:\r\n1. An
optimum swap sequence may need to perform a swap on a leaf vertex that has the
correct token (a “happy leaf”), disproving a conjecture of Vaughan.\r\n2. Any
algorithm that fixes happy leaves—as all known approximation algorithms for the
problem do—has approximation factor at least 4/3. Furthermore, the two best-known
2-approximation algorithms have approximation factor exactly 2.\r\n3. A generalized
problem—weighted coloured token swapping—is NP-complete on trees, but solvable
in polynomial time on paths and stars. In this version, tokens and vertices
\ have colours, and colours have weights. The goal is to get every
token to a vertex of the same colour, and the cost of a swap is the sum of the
weights of the two tokens involved."
article_number: '1903.06981'
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Ahmad
full_name: Biniaz, Ahmad
last_name: Biniaz
- first_name: Kshitij
full_name: Jain, Kshitij
last_name: Jain
- first_name: Anna
full_name: Lubiw, Anna
last_name: Lubiw
- first_name: Zuzana
full_name: Masárová, Zuzana
id: 45CFE238-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Masárová
orcid: 0000-0002-6660-1322
- first_name: Tillmann
full_name: Miltzow, Tillmann
last_name: Miltzow
- first_name: Debajyoti
full_name: Mondal, Debajyoti
last_name: Mondal
- first_name: Anurag Murty
full_name: Naredla, Anurag Murty
last_name: Naredla
- first_name: Josef
full_name: Tkadlec, Josef
id: 3F24CCC8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Tkadlec
orcid: 0000-0002-1097-9684
- first_name: Alexi
full_name: Turcotte, Alexi
last_name: Turcotte
citation:
ama: Biniaz A, Jain K, Lubiw A, et al. Token swapping on trees. arXiv.
apa: Biniaz, A., Jain, K., Lubiw, A., Masárová, Z., Miltzow, T., Mondal, D., … Turcotte,
A. (n.d.). Token swapping on trees. arXiv.
chicago: Biniaz, Ahmad, Kshitij Jain, Anna Lubiw, Zuzana Masárová, Tillmann Miltzow,
Debajyoti Mondal, Anurag Murty Naredla, Josef Tkadlec, and Alexi Turcotte. “Token
Swapping on Trees.” ArXiv, n.d.
ieee: A. Biniaz et al., “Token swapping on trees,” arXiv. .
ista: Biniaz A, Jain K, Lubiw A, Masárová Z, Miltzow T, Mondal D, Naredla AM, Tkadlec
J, Turcotte A. Token swapping on trees. arXiv, 1903.06981.
mla: Biniaz, Ahmad, et al. “Token Swapping on Trees.” ArXiv, 1903.06981.
short: A. Biniaz, K. Jain, A. Lubiw, Z. Masárová, T. Miltzow, D. Mondal, A.M. Naredla,
J. Tkadlec, A. Turcotte, ArXiv (n.d.).
date_created: 2020-06-08T12:25:25Z
date_published: 2019-03-16T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-01-04T12:42:08Z
day: '16'
department:
- _id: HeEd
- _id: UlWa
- _id: KrCh
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1903.06981'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1903.06981
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: arXiv
publication_status: submitted
related_material:
record:
- id: '7944'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
- id: '12833'
relation: later_version
status: public
status: public
title: Token swapping on trees
type: preprint
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '6780'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "In this work, we consider the almost-sure termination problem for probabilistic
programs that asks whether a\r\ngiven probabilistic program terminates with probability
1. Scalable approaches for program analysis often\r\nrely on modularity as their
theoretical basis. In non-probabilistic programs, the classical variant rule (V-rule)\r\nof
Floyd-Hoare logic provides the foundation for modular analysis. Extension of this
rule to almost-sure\r\ntermination of probabilistic programs is quite tricky,
and a probabilistic variant was proposed in [16]. While the\r\nproposed probabilistic
variant cautiously addresses the key issue of integrability, we show that the
proposed\r\nmodular rule is still not sound for almost-sure termination of probabilistic
programs.\r\nBesides establishing unsoundness of the previous rule, our contributions
are as follows: First, we present a\r\nsound modular rule for almost-sure termination
of probabilistic programs. Our approach is based on a novel\r\nnotion of descent
supermartingales. Second, for algorithmic approaches, we consider descent supermartingales\r\nthat
are linear and show that they can be synthesized in polynomial time. Finally,
we present experimental\r\nresults on a variety of benchmarks and several natural
examples that model various types of nested while\r\nloops in probabilistic programs
and demonstrate that our approach is able to efficiently prove their almost-sure\r\ntermination
property"
article_number: '129'
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Mingzhang
full_name: Huang, Mingzhang
last_name: Huang
- first_name: Hongfei
full_name: Fu, Hongfei
last_name: Fu
- first_name: Krishnendu
full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Chatterjee
orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
- first_name: Amir Kafshdar
full_name: Goharshady, Amir Kafshdar
id: 391365CE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Goharshady
orcid: 0000-0003-1702-6584
citation:
ama: 'Huang M, Fu H, Chatterjee K, Goharshady AK. Modular verification for almost-sure
termination of probabilistic programs. In: Proceedings of the 34th ACM International
Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, Systems, Languages, and Applications
. Vol 3. ACM; 2019. doi:10.1145/3360555'
apa: 'Huang, M., Fu, H., Chatterjee, K., & Goharshady, A. K. (2019). Modular
verification for almost-sure termination of probabilistic programs. In Proceedings
of the 34th ACM International Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, Systems,
Languages, and Applications (Vol. 3). Athens, Greece: ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/3360555'
chicago: Huang, Mingzhang, Hongfei Fu, Krishnendu Chatterjee, and Amir Kafshdar
Goharshady. “Modular Verification for Almost-Sure Termination of Probabilistic
Programs.” In Proceedings of the 34th ACM International Conference on Object-Oriented
Programming, Systems, Languages, and Applications , Vol. 3. ACM, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1145/3360555.
ieee: M. Huang, H. Fu, K. Chatterjee, and A. K. Goharshady, “Modular verification
for almost-sure termination of probabilistic programs,” in Proceedings of the
34th ACM International Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, Systems, Languages,
and Applications , Athens, Greece, 2019, vol. 3.
ista: 'Huang M, Fu H, Chatterjee K, Goharshady AK. 2019. Modular verification for
almost-sure termination of probabilistic programs. Proceedings of the 34th ACM
International Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, Systems, Languages, and
Applications . OOPSLA: Object-oriented Programming, Systems, Languages and Applications
vol. 3, 129.'
mla: Huang, Mingzhang, et al. “Modular Verification for Almost-Sure Termination
of Probabilistic Programs.” Proceedings of the 34th ACM International Conference
on Object-Oriented Programming, Systems, Languages, and Applications , vol.
3, 129, ACM, 2019, doi:10.1145/3360555.
short: M. Huang, H. Fu, K. Chatterjee, A.K. Goharshady, in:, Proceedings of the
34th ACM International Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, Systems, Languages,
and Applications , ACM, 2019.
conference:
end_date: 2019-10-25
location: Athens, Greece
name: 'OOPSLA: Object-oriented Programming, Systems, Languages and Applications'
start_date: 2019-10-23
date_created: 2019-08-09T09:54:20Z
date_published: 2019-10-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-06-02T08:53:47Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.1145/3360555
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1901.06087'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 3482d8ace6fb4991eb7810e3b70f1b9f
content_type: application/pdf
creator: akafshda
date_created: 2019-08-12T15:40:57Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:40Z
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file_name: oopsla-2019.pdf
file_size: 1024643
relation: main_file
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checksum: 4e5a6fb2b59a75222a4e8335a5a60eac
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2020-05-12T15:15:14Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:40Z
file_id: '7821'
file_name: 2019_ACM_Huang.pdf
file_size: 538579
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:40Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 3'
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 25892FC0-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
grant_number: ICT15-003
name: Efficient Algorithms for Computer Aided Verification
- _id: 25863FF4-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: S11407
name: Game Theory
- _id: 2581B60A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '279307'
name: 'Quantitative Graph Games: Theory and Applications'
- _id: 267066CE-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
name: Quantitative Analysis of Probablistic Systems with a focus on Crypto-currencies
- _id: 266EEEC0-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
name: Quantitative Game-theoretic Analysis of Blockchain Applications and Smart
Contracts
publication: 'Proceedings of the 34th ACM International Conference on Object-Oriented
Programming, Systems, Languages, and Applications '
publication_status: published
publisher: ACM
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
record:
- id: '8934'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
status: public
title: Modular verification for almost-sure termination of probabilistic programs
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by_nc.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)
short: CC BY-NC (4.0)
type: conference
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
volume: 3
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '6836'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Direct reciprocity is a powerful mechanism for the evolution of cooperation
on the basis of repeated interactions1,2,3,4. It requires that interacting individuals
are sufficiently equal, such that everyone faces similar consequences when they
cooperate or defect. Yet inequality is ubiquitous among humans5,6 and is generally
considered to undermine cooperation and welfare7,8,9,10. Most previous models
of reciprocity do not include inequality11,12,13,14,15. These models assume that
individuals are the same in all relevant aspects. Here we introduce a general
framework to study direct reciprocity among unequal individuals. Our model allows
for multiple sources of inequality. Subjects can differ in their endowments, their
productivities and in how much they benefit from public goods. We find that extreme
inequality prevents cooperation. But if subjects differ in productivity, some
endowment inequality can be necessary for cooperation to prevail. Our mathematical
predictions are supported by a behavioural experiment in which we vary the endowments
and productivities of the subjects. We observe that overall welfare is maximized
when the two sources of heterogeneity are aligned, such that more productive individuals
receive higher endowments. By contrast, when endowments and productivities are
misaligned, cooperation quickly breaks down. Our findings have implications for
policy-makers concerned with equity, efficiency and the provisioning of public
goods.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: letter_note
author:
- first_name: Oliver P.
full_name: Hauser, Oliver P.
last_name: Hauser
- first_name: Christian
full_name: Hilbe, Christian
id: 2FDF8F3C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Hilbe
orcid: 0000-0001-5116-955X
- first_name: Krishnendu
full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Chatterjee
orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
- first_name: Martin A.
full_name: Nowak, Martin A.
last_name: Nowak
citation:
ama: Hauser OP, Hilbe C, Chatterjee K, Nowak MA. Social dilemmas among unequals.
Nature. 2019;572(7770):524-527. doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1488-5
apa: Hauser, O. P., Hilbe, C., Chatterjee, K., & Nowak, M. A. (2019). Social
dilemmas among unequals. Nature. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1488-5
chicago: Hauser, Oliver P., Christian Hilbe, Krishnendu Chatterjee, and Martin A.
Nowak. “Social Dilemmas among Unequals.” Nature. Springer Nature, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1488-5.
ieee: O. P. Hauser, C. Hilbe, K. Chatterjee, and M. A. Nowak, “Social dilemmas among
unequals,” Nature, vol. 572, no. 7770. Springer Nature, pp. 524–527, 2019.
ista: Hauser OP, Hilbe C, Chatterjee K, Nowak MA. 2019. Social dilemmas among unequals.
Nature. 572(7770), 524–527.
mla: Hauser, Oliver P., et al. “Social Dilemmas among Unequals.” Nature,
vol. 572, no. 7770, Springer Nature, 2019, pp. 524–27, doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1488-5.
short: O.P. Hauser, C. Hilbe, K. Chatterjee, M.A. Nowak, Nature 572 (2019) 524–527.
date_created: 2019-09-01T22:00:56Z
date_published: 2019-08-22T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-29T07:42:54Z
day: '22'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.1038/s41586-019-1488-5
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
isi:
- '000482219600045'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: a6e0e3168bf62de624e7772cdfaeb26f
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2020-05-14T10:00:32Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:42Z
file_id: '7828'
file_name: 2019_Nature_Hauser.pdf
file_size: 18577756
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:42Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 572'
isi: 1
issue: '7770'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Submitted Version
page: 524-527
project:
- _id: 2581B60A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '279307'
name: 'Quantitative Graph Games: Theory and Applications'
- _id: 25832EC2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: S 11407_N23
name: Rigorous Systems Engineering
- _id: 25681D80-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '291734'
name: International IST Postdoc Fellowship Programme
publication: Nature
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- '14764687'
issn:
- '00280836'
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
link:
- description: News on IST Homepage
relation: press_release
url: https://ist.ac.at/en/news/too-much-inequality-impedes-support-for-public-goods-according-to-research-published-in-nature/
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Social dilemmas among unequals
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 572
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '6884'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'In two-player games on graphs, the players move a token through a graph to
produce a finite or infinite path, which determines the qualitative winner or
quantitative payoff of the game. We study bidding games in which the players bid
for the right to move the token. Several bidding rules were studied previously.
In Richman bidding, in each round, the players simultaneously submit bids, and
the higher bidder moves the token and pays the other player. Poorman bidding is
similar except that the winner of the bidding pays the "bank" rather than the
other player. Taxman bidding spans the spectrum between Richman and poorman bidding.
They are parameterized by a constant tau in [0,1]: portion tau of the winning
bid is paid to the other player, and portion 1-tau to the bank. While finite-duration
(reachability) taxman games have been studied before, we present, for the first
time, results on infinite-duration taxman games. It was previously shown that
both Richman and poorman infinite-duration games with qualitative objectives reduce
to reachability games, and we show a similar result here. Our most interesting
results concern quantitative taxman games, namely mean-payoff games, where poorman
and Richman bidding differ significantly. A central quantity in these games is
the ratio between the two players'' initial budgets. While in poorman mean-payoff
games, the optimal payoff of a player depends on the initial ratio, in Richman
bidding, the payoff depends only on the structure of the game. In both games the
optimal payoffs can be found using (different) probabilistic connections with
random-turn games in which in each turn, instead of bidding, a coin is tossed
to determine which player moves. While the value with Richman bidding equals the
value of a random-turn game with an un-biased coin, with poorman bidding, the
bias in the coin is the initial ratio of the budgets. We give a complete classification
of mean-payoff taxman games that is based on a probabilistic connection: the value
of a taxman bidding game with parameter tau and initial ratio r, equals the value
of a random-turn game that uses a coin with bias F(tau, r) = (r+tau * (1-r))/(1+tau).
Thus, we show that Richman bidding is the exception; namely, for every tau <1,
the value of the game depends on the initial ratio. Our proof technique simplifies
and unifies the previous proof techniques for both Richman and poorman bidding. '
alternative_title:
- LIPIcs
article_number: '11'
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Guy
full_name: Avni, Guy
id: 463C8BC2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Avni
orcid: 0000-0001-5588-8287
- first_name: Thomas A
full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A
id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Henzinger
orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724
- first_name: Dorde
full_name: Zikelic, Dorde
id: 294AA7A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Zikelic
citation:
ama: 'Avni G, Henzinger TA, Zikelic D. Bidding mechanisms in graph games. In: Vol
138. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik; 2019. doi:10.4230/LIPICS.MFCS.2019.11'
apa: 'Avni, G., Henzinger, T. A., & Zikelic, D. (2019). Bidding mechanisms in
graph games (Vol. 138). Presented at the MFCS: nternational Symposium on Mathematical
Foundations of Computer Science, Aachen, Germany: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum
für Informatik. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPICS.MFCS.2019.11'
chicago: Avni, Guy, Thomas A Henzinger, and Dorde Zikelic. “Bidding Mechanisms in
Graph Games,” Vol. 138. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPICS.MFCS.2019.11.
ieee: 'G. Avni, T. A. Henzinger, and D. Zikelic, “Bidding mechanisms in graph games,”
presented at the MFCS: nternational Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer
Science, Aachen, Germany, 2019, vol. 138.'
ista: 'Avni G, Henzinger TA, Zikelic D. 2019. Bidding mechanisms in graph games.
MFCS: nternational Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science,
LIPIcs, vol. 138, 11.'
mla: Avni, Guy, et al. Bidding Mechanisms in Graph Games. Vol. 138, 11, Schloss
Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2019, doi:10.4230/LIPICS.MFCS.2019.11.
short: G. Avni, T.A. Henzinger, D. Zikelic, in:, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum
für Informatik, 2019.
conference:
end_date: 2019-08-30
location: Aachen, Germany
name: 'MFCS: nternational Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science'
start_date: 2019-08-26
date_created: 2019-09-18T08:04:26Z
date_published: 2019-08-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-07T14:08:34Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '004'
department:
- _id: ToHe
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.4230/LIPICS.MFCS.2019.11
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1905.03835'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 6346e116a4f4ed1414174d96d2c4fbd7
content_type: application/pdf
creator: kschuh
date_created: 2019-09-27T11:45:15Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:42Z
file_id: '6913'
file_name: 2019_LIPIcs_Avni.pdf
file_size: 554457
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:42Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 138'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '665385'
name: International IST Doctoral Program
- _id: 264B3912-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: M02369
name: Formal Methods meets Algorithmic Game Theory
- _id: 25F42A32-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: Z211
name: The Wittgenstein Prize
- _id: 25F2ACDE-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: S11402-N23
name: Rigorous Systems Engineering
publication_status: published
publisher: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
record:
- id: '9239'
relation: later_version
status: public
scopus_import: 1
status: public
title: Bidding mechanisms in graph games
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: conference
user_id: 3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 138
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '6885'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'A vector addition system with states (VASS) consists of a finite set of states
and counters. A configuration is a state and a value for each counter; a transition
changes the state and each counter is incremented, decremented, or left unchanged.
While qualitative properties such as state and configuration reachability have
been studied for VASS, we consider the long-run average cost of infinite computations
of VASS. The cost of a configuration is for each state, a linear combination of
the counter values. In the special case of uniform cost functions, the linear
combination is the same for all states. The (regular) long-run emptiness problem
is, given a VASS, a cost function, and a threshold value, if there is a (lasso-shaped)
computation such that the long-run average value of the cost function does not
exceed the threshold. For uniform cost functions, we show that the regular long-run
emptiness problem is (a) decidable in polynomial time for integer-valued VASS,
and (b) decidable but nonelementarily hard for natural-valued VASS (i.e., nonnegative
counters). For general cost functions, we show that the problem is (c) NP-complete
for integer-valued VASS, and (d) undecidable for natural-valued VASS. Our most
interesting result is for (c) integer-valued VASS with general cost functions,
where we establish a connection between the regular long-run emptiness problem
and quadratic Diophantine inequalities. The general (nonregular) long-run emptiness
problem is equally hard as the regular problem in all cases except (c), where
it remains open. '
alternative_title:
- LIPIcs
article_number: '27'
author:
- first_name: Krishnendu
full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Chatterjee
orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
- first_name: Thomas A
full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A
id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Henzinger
orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724
- first_name: Jan
full_name: Otop, Jan
last_name: Otop
citation:
ama: 'Chatterjee K, Henzinger TA, Otop J. Long-run average behavior of vector addition
systems with states. In: Vol 140. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik;
2019. doi:10.4230/LIPICS.CONCUR.2019.27'
apa: 'Chatterjee, K., Henzinger, T. A., & Otop, J. (2019). Long-run average
behavior of vector addition systems with states (Vol. 140). Presented at the CONCUR:
International Conference on Concurrency Theory, Amsterdam, Netherlands: Schloss
Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPICS.CONCUR.2019.27'
chicago: Chatterjee, Krishnendu, Thomas A Henzinger, and Jan Otop. “Long-Run Average
Behavior of Vector Addition Systems with States,” Vol. 140. Schloss Dagstuhl -
Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2019. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPICS.CONCUR.2019.27.
ieee: 'K. Chatterjee, T. A. Henzinger, and J. Otop, “Long-run average behavior of
vector addition systems with states,” presented at the CONCUR: International Conference
on Concurrency Theory, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2019, vol. 140.'
ista: 'Chatterjee K, Henzinger TA, Otop J. 2019. Long-run average behavior of vector
addition systems with states. CONCUR: International Conference on Concurrency
Theory, LIPIcs, vol. 140, 27.'
mla: Chatterjee, Krishnendu, et al. Long-Run Average Behavior of Vector Addition
Systems with States. Vol. 140, 27, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für
Informatik, 2019, doi:10.4230/LIPICS.CONCUR.2019.27.
short: K. Chatterjee, T.A. Henzinger, J. Otop, in:, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum
für Informatik, 2019.
conference:
end_date: 2019-08-30
location: Amsterdam, Netherlands
name: 'CONCUR: International Conference on Concurrency Theory'
start_date: 2019-08-27
date_created: 2019-09-18T08:06:14Z
date_published: 2019-08-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:09:27Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: ToHe
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.4230/LIPICS.CONCUR.2019.27
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 4985e26e1572d1575d64d38acabd71d6
content_type: application/pdf
creator: kschuh
date_created: 2019-09-27T12:09:35Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:43Z
file_id: '6914'
file_name: 2019_LIPIcs_Chatterjee.pdf
file_size: 538120
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:43Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 140'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 25863FF4-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: S11407
name: Game Theory
- _id: 25F2ACDE-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: S11402-N23
name: Rigorous Systems Engineering
publication_status: published
publisher: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: 1
status: public
title: Long-run average behavior of vector addition systems with states
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: conference
user_id: 3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 140
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '6887'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'The fundamental model-checking problem, given as input a model and a specification,
asks for the algorithmic verification of whether the model satisfies the specification.
Two classical models for reactive systems are graphs and Markov decision processes
(MDPs). A basic specification formalism in the verification of reactive systems
is the strong fairness (aka Streett) objective, where given different types of
requests and corresponding grants, the requirement is that for each type, if the
request event happens infinitely often, then the corresponding grant event must
also happen infinitely often. All omega-regular objectives can be expressed as
Streett objectives and hence they are canonical in verification. Consider graphs/MDPs
with n vertices, m edges, and a Streett objectives with k pairs, and let b denote
the size of the description of the Streett objective for the sets of requests
and grants. The current best-known algorithm for the problem requires time O(min(n^2,
m sqrt{m log n}) + b log n). In this work we present randomized near-linear time
algorithms, with expected running time O~(m + b), where the O~ notation hides
poly-log factors. Our randomized algorithms are near-linear in the size of the
input, and hence optimal up to poly-log factors. '
alternative_title:
- LIPIcs
article_number: '7'
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Krishnendu
full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Chatterjee
orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
- first_name: Wolfgang
full_name: Dvorák, Wolfgang
last_name: Dvorák
- first_name: Monika H
full_name: Henzinger, Monika H
id: 540c9bbd-f2de-11ec-812d-d04a5be85630
last_name: Henzinger
orcid: 0000-0002-5008-6530
- first_name: Alexander
full_name: Svozil, Alexander
last_name: Svozil
citation:
ama: 'Chatterjee K, Dvorák W, Henzinger MH, Svozil A. Near-linear time algorithms
for Streett objectives in graphs and MDPs. In: Leibniz International Proceedings
in Informatics. Vol 140. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik;
2019. doi:10.4230/LIPICS.CONCUR.2019.7'
apa: 'Chatterjee, K., Dvorák, W., Henzinger, M. H., & Svozil, A. (2019). Near-linear
time algorithms for Streett objectives in graphs and MDPs. In Leibniz International
Proceedings in Informatics (Vol. 140). Amsterdam, Netherlands: Schloss Dagstuhl
- Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPICS.CONCUR.2019.7'
chicago: Chatterjee, Krishnendu, Wolfgang Dvorák, Monika H Henzinger, and Alexander
Svozil. “Near-Linear Time Algorithms for Streett Objectives in Graphs and MDPs.”
In Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics, Vol. 140. Schloss
Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2019. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPICS.CONCUR.2019.7.
ieee: K. Chatterjee, W. Dvorák, M. H. Henzinger, and A. Svozil, “Near-linear time
algorithms for Streett objectives in graphs and MDPs,” in Leibniz International
Proceedings in Informatics, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2019, vol. 140.
ista: 'Chatterjee K, Dvorák W, Henzinger MH, Svozil A. 2019. Near-linear time algorithms
for Streett objectives in graphs and MDPs. Leibniz International Proceedings in
Informatics. CONCUR: International Conference on Concurrency Theory, LIPIcs, vol.
140, 7.'
mla: Chatterjee, Krishnendu, et al. “Near-Linear Time Algorithms for Streett Objectives
in Graphs and MDPs.” Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics,
vol. 140, 7, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2019, doi:10.4230/LIPICS.CONCUR.2019.7.
short: K. Chatterjee, W. Dvorák, M.H. Henzinger, A. Svozil, in:, Leibniz International
Proceedings in Informatics, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik,
2019.
conference:
end_date: 2019-08-30
location: Amsterdam, Netherlands
name: 'CONCUR: International Conference on Concurrency Theory'
start_date: 2019-08-27
date_created: 2019-09-18T08:07:58Z
date_published: 2019-08-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-08-12T10:54:34Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.4230/LIPICS.CONCUR.2019.7
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: e1f0e4061212454574f34a1368d018ec
content_type: application/pdf
creator: kschuh
date_created: 2019-10-01T08:20:30Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:43Z
file_id: '6922'
file_name: 2019_LIPIcs_Chatterjee.pdf
file_size: 730112
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:43Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 140'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 25863FF4-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: S11407
name: Game Theory
- _id: 2581B60A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '279307'
name: 'Quantitative Graph Games: Theory and Applications'
publication: Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics
publication_status: published
publisher: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Near-linear time algorithms for Streett objectives in graphs and MDPs
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: conference
user_id: 6785fbc1-c503-11eb-8a32-93094b40e1cf
volume: 140
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '6889'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'We study Markov decision processes and turn-based stochastic games with parity
conditions. There are three qualitative winning criteria, namely, sure winning,
which requires all paths to satisfy the condition, almost-sure winning, which
requires the condition to be satisfied with probability 1, and limit-sure winning,
which requires the condition to be satisfied with probability arbitrarily close
to 1. We study the combination of two of these criteria for parity conditions,
e.g., there are two parity conditions one of which must be won surely, and the
other almost-surely. The problem has been studied recently by Berthon et al. for
MDPs with combination of sure and almost-sure winning, under infinite-memory strategies,
and the problem has been established to be in NP cap co-NP. Even in MDPs there
is a difference between finite-memory and infinite-memory strategies. Our main
results for combination of sure and almost-sure winning are as follows: (a) we
show that for MDPs with finite-memory strategies the problem is in NP cap co-NP;
(b) we show that for turn-based stochastic games the problem is co-NP-complete,
both for finite-memory and infinite-memory strategies; and (c) we present algorithmic
results for the finite-memory case, both for MDPs and turn-based stochastic games,
by reduction to non-stochastic parity games. In addition we show that all the
above complexity results also carry over to combination of sure and limit-sure
winning, and results for all other combinations can be derived from existing results
in the literature. Thus we present a complete picture for the study of combinations
of two qualitative winning criteria for parity conditions in MDPs and turn-based
stochastic games. '
alternative_title:
- LIPIcs
article_number: '6'
author:
- first_name: Krishnendu
full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Chatterjee
orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
- first_name: Nir
full_name: Piterman, Nir
last_name: Piterman
citation:
ama: 'Chatterjee K, Piterman N. Combinations of Qualitative Winning for Stochastic
Parity Games. In: Vol 140. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik;
2019. doi:10.4230/LIPICS.CONCUR.2019.6'
apa: 'Chatterjee, K., & Piterman, N. (2019). Combinations of Qualitative Winning
for Stochastic Parity Games (Vol. 140). Presented at the CONCUR: International
Conference on Concurrency Theory, Amsterdam, Netherlands: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum
für Informatik. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPICS.CONCUR.2019.6'
chicago: Chatterjee, Krishnendu, and Nir Piterman. “Combinations of Qualitative
Winning for Stochastic Parity Games,” Vol. 140. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum
für Informatik, 2019. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPICS.CONCUR.2019.6.
ieee: 'K. Chatterjee and N. Piterman, “Combinations of Qualitative Winning for Stochastic
Parity Games,” presented at the CONCUR: International Conference on Concurrency
Theory, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2019, vol. 140.'
ista: 'Chatterjee K, Piterman N. 2019. Combinations of Qualitative Winning for Stochastic
Parity Games. CONCUR: International Conference on Concurrency Theory, LIPIcs,
vol. 140, 6.'
mla: Chatterjee, Krishnendu, and Nir Piterman. Combinations of Qualitative Winning
for Stochastic Parity Games. Vol. 140, 6, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum
für Informatik, 2019, doi:10.4230/LIPICS.CONCUR.2019.6.
short: K. Chatterjee, N. Piterman, in:, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik,
2019.
conference:
end_date: 2019-08-30
location: Amsterdam, Netherlands
name: 'CONCUR: International Conference on Concurrency Theory'
start_date: 2019-08-27
date_created: 2019-09-18T08:11:43Z
date_published: 2019-08-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:09:28Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.4230/LIPICS.CONCUR.2019.6
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 7b2ecfd4d9d02360308c0ca986fc10a7
content_type: application/pdf
creator: kschuh
date_created: 2019-10-01T08:49:45Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:43Z
file_id: '6923'
file_name: 2019_LIPIcs_Chatterjee.pdf
file_size: 509163
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:43Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 140'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 25863FF4-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: S11407
name: Game Theory
- _id: 25892FC0-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
grant_number: ICT15-003
name: Efficient Algorithms for Computer Aided Verification
publication_status: published
publisher: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: 1
status: public
title: Combinations of Qualitative Winning for Stochastic Parity Games
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: conference
user_id: 3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 140
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '6942'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Graph games and Markov decision processes (MDPs) are standard models in reactive
synthesis and verification of probabilistic systems with nondeterminism. The class
of \U0001D714 -regular winning conditions; e.g., safety, reachability, liveness,
parity conditions; provides a robust and expressive specification formalism for
properties that arise in analysis of reactive systems. The resolutions of nondeterminism
in games and MDPs are represented as strategies, and we consider succinct representation
of such strategies. The decision-tree data structure from machine learning retains
the flavor of decisions of strategies and allows entropy-based minimization to
obtain succinct trees. However, in contrast to traditional machine-learning problems
where small errors are allowed, for winning strategies in graph games and MDPs
no error is allowed, and the decision tree must represent the entire strategy.
In this work we propose decision trees with linear classifiers for representation
of strategies in graph games and MDPs. We have implemented strategy representation
using this data structure and we present experimental results for problems on
graph games and MDPs, which show that this new data structure presents a much
more efficient strategy representation as compared to standard decision trees."
alternative_title:
- LNCS
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Pranav
full_name: Ashok, Pranav
last_name: Ashok
- first_name: Tomáš
full_name: Brázdil, Tomáš
last_name: Brázdil
- first_name: Krishnendu
full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Chatterjee
orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
- first_name: Jan
full_name: Křetínský, Jan
last_name: Křetínský
- first_name: Christoph
full_name: Lampert, Christoph
id: 40C20FD2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Lampert
orcid: 0000-0001-8622-7887
- first_name: Viktor
full_name: Toman, Viktor
id: 3AF3DA7C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Toman
orcid: 0000-0001-9036-063X
citation:
ama: 'Ashok P, Brázdil T, Chatterjee K, Křetínský J, Lampert C, Toman V. Strategy
representation by decision trees with linear classifiers. In: 16th International
Conference on Quantitative Evaluation of Systems. Vol 11785. Springer Nature;
2019:109-128. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-30281-8_7'
apa: 'Ashok, P., Brázdil, T., Chatterjee, K., Křetínský, J., Lampert, C., &
Toman, V. (2019). Strategy representation by decision trees with linear classifiers.
In 16th International Conference on Quantitative Evaluation of Systems
(Vol. 11785, pp. 109–128). Glasgow, United Kingdom: Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30281-8_7'
chicago: Ashok, Pranav, Tomáš Brázdil, Krishnendu Chatterjee, Jan Křetínský, Christoph
Lampert, and Viktor Toman. “Strategy Representation by Decision Trees with Linear
Classifiers.” In 16th International Conference on Quantitative Evaluation of
Systems, 11785:109–28. Springer Nature, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30281-8_7.
ieee: P. Ashok, T. Brázdil, K. Chatterjee, J. Křetínský, C. Lampert, and V. Toman,
“Strategy representation by decision trees with linear classifiers,” in 16th
International Conference on Quantitative Evaluation of Systems, Glasgow, United
Kingdom, 2019, vol. 11785, pp. 109–128.
ista: 'Ashok P, Brázdil T, Chatterjee K, Křetínský J, Lampert C, Toman V. 2019.
Strategy representation by decision trees with linear classifiers. 16th International
Conference on Quantitative Evaluation of Systems. QEST: Quantitative Evaluation
of Systems, LNCS, vol. 11785, 109–128.'
mla: Ashok, Pranav, et al. “Strategy Representation by Decision Trees with Linear
Classifiers.” 16th International Conference on Quantitative Evaluation of Systems,
vol. 11785, Springer Nature, 2019, pp. 109–28, doi:10.1007/978-3-030-30281-8_7.
short: P. Ashok, T. Brázdil, K. Chatterjee, J. Křetínský, C. Lampert, V. Toman,
in:, 16th International Conference on Quantitative Evaluation of Systems, Springer
Nature, 2019, pp. 109–128.
conference:
end_date: 2019-09-12
location: Glasgow, United Kingdom
name: 'QEST: Quantitative Evaluation of Systems'
start_date: 2019-09-10
date_created: 2019-10-14T06:57:49Z
date_published: 2019-09-04T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-06-02T08:53:47Z
day: '04'
department:
- _id: KrCh
- _id: ChLa
doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-30281-8_7
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1906.08178'
isi:
- '000679281300007'
intvolume: ' 11785'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1906.08178
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 109-128
project:
- _id: 25863FF4-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: S11407
name: Game Theory
- _id: 25F2ACDE-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: S11402-N23
name: Rigorous Systems Engineering
- _id: 25892FC0-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
grant_number: ICT15-003
name: Efficient Algorithms for Computer Aided Verification
publication: 16th International Conference on Quantitative Evaluation of Systems
publication_identifier:
eisbn:
- '9783030302818'
isbn:
- '9783030302801'
issn:
- 0302-9743
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Strategy representation by decision trees with linear classifiers
type: conference
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 11785
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '7014'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "We study the problem of developing efficient approaches for proving\r\nworst-case
bounds of non-deterministic recursive programs. Ranking functions\r\nare sound
and complete for proving termination and worst-case bounds of\r\nnonrecursive
programs. First, we apply ranking functions to recursion,\r\nresulting in measure
functions. We show that measure functions provide a sound\r\nand complete approach
to prove worst-case bounds of non-deterministic recursive\r\nprograms. Our second
contribution is the synthesis of measure functions in\r\nnonpolynomial forms.
We show that non-polynomial measure functions with\r\nlogarithm and exponentiation
can be synthesized through abstraction of\r\nlogarithmic or exponentiation terms,
Farkas' Lemma, and Handelman's Theorem\r\nusing linear programming. While previous
methods obtain worst-case polynomial\r\nbounds, our approach can synthesize bounds
of the form $\\mathcal{O}(n\\log n)$\r\nas well as $\\mathcal{O}(n^r)$ where $r$
is not an integer. We present\r\nexperimental results to demonstrate that our
approach can obtain efficiently\r\nworst-case bounds of classical recursive algorithms
such as (i) Merge-Sort, the\r\ndivide-and-conquer algorithm for the Closest-Pair
problem, where we obtain\r\n$\\mathcal{O}(n \\log n)$ worst-case bound, and (ii)
Karatsuba's algorithm for\r\npolynomial multiplication and Strassen's algorithm
for matrix multiplication,\r\nwhere we obtain $\\mathcal{O}(n^r)$ bound such that
$r$ is not an integer and\r\nclose to the best-known bounds for the respective
algorithms."
article_number: '20'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Krishnendu
full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Chatterjee
orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
- first_name: Hongfei
full_name: Fu, Hongfei
last_name: Fu
- first_name: Amir Kafshdar
full_name: Goharshady, Amir Kafshdar
id: 391365CE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Goharshady
orcid: 0000-0003-1702-6584
citation:
ama: Chatterjee K, Fu H, Goharshady AK. Non-polynomial worst-case analysis of recursive
programs. ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems. 2019;41(4).
doi:10.1145/3339984
apa: Chatterjee, K., Fu, H., & Goharshady, A. K. (2019). Non-polynomial worst-case
analysis of recursive programs. ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and
Systems. ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/3339984
chicago: Chatterjee, Krishnendu, Hongfei Fu, and Amir Kafshdar Goharshady. “Non-Polynomial
Worst-Case Analysis of Recursive Programs.” ACM Transactions on Programming
Languages and Systems. ACM, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1145/3339984.
ieee: K. Chatterjee, H. Fu, and A. K. Goharshady, “Non-polynomial worst-case analysis
of recursive programs,” ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems,
vol. 41, no. 4. ACM, 2019.
ista: Chatterjee K, Fu H, Goharshady AK. 2019. Non-polynomial worst-case analysis
of recursive programs. ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems.
41(4), 20.
mla: Chatterjee, Krishnendu, et al. “Non-Polynomial Worst-Case Analysis of Recursive
Programs.” ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems, vol.
41, no. 4, 20, ACM, 2019, doi:10.1145/3339984.
short: K. Chatterjee, H. Fu, A.K. Goharshady, ACM Transactions on Programming Languages
and Systems 41 (2019).
date_created: 2019-11-13T08:33:43Z
date_published: 2019-10-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-06-02T08:53:47Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.1145/3339984
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1705.00317'
isi:
- '000564108400001'
intvolume: ' 41'
isi: 1
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1705.00317
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
project:
- _id: 25892FC0-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
grant_number: ICT15-003
name: Efficient Algorithms for Computer Aided Verification
- _id: 25832EC2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: S 11407_N23
name: Rigorous Systems Engineering
- _id: 2581B60A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '279307'
name: 'Quantitative Graph Games: Theory and Applications'
- _id: 267066CE-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
name: Quantitative Analysis of Probablistic Systems with a focus on Crypto-currencies
- _id: 266EEEC0-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
name: Quantitative Game-theoretic Analysis of Blockchain Applications and Smart
Contracts
publication: ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems
publication_status: published
publisher: ACM
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
record:
- id: '639'
relation: earlier_version
status: public
- id: '8934'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Non-polynomial worst-case analysis of recursive programs
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 41
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '7158'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Interprocedural analysis is at the heart of numerous applications in programming
languages, such as alias analysis, constant propagation, and so on. Recursive
state machines (RSMs) are standard models for interprocedural analysis. We consider
a general framework with RSMs where the transitions are labeled from a semiring
and path properties are algebraic with semiring operations. RSMs with algebraic
path properties can model interprocedural dataflow analysis problems, the shortest
path problem, the most probable path problem, and so on. The traditional algorithms
for interprocedural analysis focus on path properties where the starting point
is fixed as the entry point of a specific method. In this work, we consider possible
multiple queries as required in many applications such as in alias analysis. The
study of multiple queries allows us to bring in an important algorithmic distinction
between the resource usage of the one-time preprocessing vs for each individual
query. The second aspect we consider is that the control flow graphs for most
programs have constant treewidth.\r\n\r\nOur main contributions are simple and
implementable algorithms that support multiple queries for algebraic path properties
for RSMs that have constant treewidth. Our theoretical results show that our algorithms
have small additional one-time preprocessing but can answer subsequent queries
significantly faster as compared to the current algorithmic solutions for interprocedural
dataflow analysis. We have also implemented our algorithms and evaluated their
performance for performing on-demand interprocedural dataflow analysis on various
domains, such as for live variable analysis and reaching definitions, on a standard
benchmark set. Our experimental results align with our theoretical statements
and show that after a lightweight preprocessing, on-demand queries are answered
much faster than the standard existing algorithmic approaches.\r\n"
article_number: '23'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Krishnendu
full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Chatterjee
orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
- first_name: Amir Kafshdar
full_name: Goharshady, Amir Kafshdar
id: 391365CE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Goharshady
orcid: 0000-0003-1702-6584
- first_name: Prateesh
full_name: Goyal, Prateesh
last_name: Goyal
- first_name: Rasmus
full_name: Ibsen-Jensen, Rasmus
id: 3B699956-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Ibsen-Jensen
orcid: 0000-0003-4783-0389
- first_name: Andreas
full_name: Pavlogiannis, Andreas
id: 49704004-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Pavlogiannis
orcid: 0000-0002-8943-0722
citation:
ama: Chatterjee K, Goharshady AK, Goyal P, Ibsen-Jensen R, Pavlogiannis A. Faster
algorithms for dynamic algebraic queries in basic RSMs with constant treewidth.
ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems. 2019;41(4). doi:10.1145/3363525
apa: Chatterjee, K., Goharshady, A. K., Goyal, P., Ibsen-Jensen, R., & Pavlogiannis,
A. (2019). Faster algorithms for dynamic algebraic queries in basic RSMs with
constant treewidth. ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems.
ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/3363525
chicago: Chatterjee, Krishnendu, Amir Kafshdar Goharshady, Prateesh Goyal, Rasmus
Ibsen-Jensen, and Andreas Pavlogiannis. “Faster Algorithms for Dynamic Algebraic
Queries in Basic RSMs with Constant Treewidth.” ACM Transactions on Programming
Languages and Systems. ACM, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1145/3363525.
ieee: K. Chatterjee, A. K. Goharshady, P. Goyal, R. Ibsen-Jensen, and A. Pavlogiannis,
“Faster algorithms for dynamic algebraic queries in basic RSMs with constant treewidth,”
ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems, vol. 41, no. 4.
ACM, 2019.
ista: Chatterjee K, Goharshady AK, Goyal P, Ibsen-Jensen R, Pavlogiannis A. 2019.
Faster algorithms for dynamic algebraic queries in basic RSMs with constant treewidth.
ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems. 41(4), 23.
mla: Chatterjee, Krishnendu, et al. “Faster Algorithms for Dynamic Algebraic Queries
in Basic RSMs with Constant Treewidth.” ACM Transactions on Programming Languages
and Systems, vol. 41, no. 4, 23, ACM, 2019, doi:10.1145/3363525.
short: K. Chatterjee, A.K. Goharshady, P. Goyal, R. Ibsen-Jensen, A. Pavlogiannis,
ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems 41 (2019).
date_created: 2019-12-09T08:33:33Z
date_published: 2019-11-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-03-25T23:30:19Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.1145/3363525
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
isi:
- '000564108400004'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 291cc86a07bd010d4815e177dac57b70
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2020-10-08T12:58:10Z
date_updated: 2020-10-08T12:58:10Z
file_id: '8632'
file_name: 2019_ACMTransactions_Chatterjee.pdf
file_size: 667357
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2020-10-08T12:58:10Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 41'
isi: 1
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Submitted Version
project:
- _id: 2584A770-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: P 23499-N23
name: Modern Graph Algorithmic Techniques in Formal Verification
- _id: 25863FF4-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: S11407
name: Game Theory
- _id: 2581B60A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '279307'
name: 'Quantitative Graph Games: Theory and Applications'
publication: ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0164-0925
publication_status: published
publisher: ACM
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
record:
- id: '8934'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Faster algorithms for dynamic algebraic queries in basic RSMs with constant
treewidth
type: journal_article
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
volume: 41
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '7183'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'A probabilistic vector addition system with states (pVASS) is a finite state
Markov process augmented with non-negative integer counters that can be incremented
or decremented during each state transition, blocking any behaviour that would
cause a counter to decrease below zero. The pVASS can be used as abstractions
of probabilistic programs with many decidable properties. The use of pVASS as
abstractions requires the presence of nondeterminism in the model. In this paper,
we develop techniques for checking fast termination of pVASS with nondeterminism.
That is, for every initial configuration of size n, we consider the worst expected
number of transitions needed to reach a configuration with some counter negative
(the expected termination time). We show that the problem whether the asymptotic
expected termination time is linear is decidable in polynomial time for a certain
natural class of pVASS with nondeterminism. Furthermore, we show the following
dichotomy: if the asymptotic expected termination time is not linear, then it
is at least quadratic, i.e., in Ω(n2).'
alternative_title:
- LNCS
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Tomás
full_name: Brázdil, Tomás
last_name: Brázdil
- first_name: Krishnendu
full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Chatterjee
orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
- first_name: Antonín
full_name: Kucera, Antonín
last_name: Kucera
- first_name: Petr
full_name: Novotný, Petr
id: 3CC3B868-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Novotný
- first_name: Dominik
full_name: Velan, Dominik
last_name: Velan
citation:
ama: 'Brázdil T, Chatterjee K, Kucera A, Novotný P, Velan D. Deciding fast termination
for probabilistic VASS with nondeterminism. In: International Symposium on
Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis. Vol 11781. Springer Nature;
2019:462-478. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-31784-3_27'
apa: 'Brázdil, T., Chatterjee, K., Kucera, A., Novotný, P., & Velan, D. (2019).
Deciding fast termination for probabilistic VASS with nondeterminism. In International
Symposium on Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis (Vol. 11781,
pp. 462–478). Taipei, Taiwan: Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31784-3_27'
chicago: Brázdil, Tomás, Krishnendu Chatterjee, Antonín Kucera, Petr Novotný, and
Dominik Velan. “Deciding Fast Termination for Probabilistic VASS with Nondeterminism.”
In International Symposium on Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis,
11781:462–78. Springer Nature, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31784-3_27.
ieee: T. Brázdil, K. Chatterjee, A. Kucera, P. Novotný, and D. Velan, “Deciding
fast termination for probabilistic VASS with nondeterminism,” in International
Symposium on Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis, Taipei, Taiwan,
2019, vol. 11781, pp. 462–478.
ista: 'Brázdil T, Chatterjee K, Kucera A, Novotný P, Velan D. 2019. Deciding fast
termination for probabilistic VASS with nondeterminism. International Symposium
on Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis. ATVA: Automated TEchnology
for Verification and Analysis, LNCS, vol. 11781, 462–478.'
mla: Brázdil, Tomás, et al. “Deciding Fast Termination for Probabilistic VASS with
Nondeterminism.” International Symposium on Automated Technology for Verification
and Analysis, vol. 11781, Springer Nature, 2019, pp. 462–78, doi:10.1007/978-3-030-31784-3_27.
short: T. Brázdil, K. Chatterjee, A. Kucera, P. Novotný, D. Velan, in:, International
Symposium on Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis, Springer Nature,
2019, pp. 462–478.
conference:
end_date: 2019-10-31
location: Taipei, Taiwan
name: 'ATVA: Automated TEchnology for Verification and Analysis'
start_date: 2019-10-28
date_created: 2019-12-15T23:00:44Z
date_published: 2019-10-21T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-06T12:40:58Z
day: '21'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-31784-3_27
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1907.11010'
isi:
- '000723515700027'
intvolume: ' 11781'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.11010
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 462-478
project:
- _id: 25832EC2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: S 11407_N23
name: Rigorous Systems Engineering
publication: International Symposium on Automated Technology for Verification and
Analysis
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- '16113349'
isbn:
- '9783030317836'
issn:
- '03029743'
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Deciding fast termination for probabilistic VASS with nondeterminism
type: conference
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
volume: 11781
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '7210'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The rate of biological evolution depends on the fixation probability and on
the fixation time of new mutants. Intensive research has focused on identifying
population structures that augment the fixation probability of advantageous mutants.
But these amplifiers of natural selection typically increase fixation time. Here
we study population structures that achieve a tradeoff between fixation probability
and time. First, we show that no amplifiers can have an asymptotically lower absorption
time than the well-mixed population. Then we design population structures that
substantially augment the fixation probability with just a minor increase in fixation
time. Finally, we show that those structures enable higher effective rate of evolution
than the well-mixed population provided that the rate of generating advantageous
mutants is relatively low. Our work sheds light on how population structure affects
the rate of evolution. Moreover, our structures could be useful for lab-based,
medical, or industrial applications of evolutionary optimization.
article_number: '138'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Josef
full_name: Tkadlec, Josef
id: 3F24CCC8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Tkadlec
orcid: 0000-0002-1097-9684
- first_name: Andreas
full_name: Pavlogiannis, Andreas
id: 49704004-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Pavlogiannis
orcid: 0000-0002-8943-0722
- first_name: Krishnendu
full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Chatterjee
orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
- first_name: Martin A.
full_name: Nowak, Martin A.
last_name: Nowak
citation:
ama: Tkadlec J, Pavlogiannis A, Chatterjee K, Nowak MA. Population structure determines
the tradeoff between fixation probability and fixation time. Communications
Biology. 2019;2. doi:10.1038/s42003-019-0373-y
apa: Tkadlec, J., Pavlogiannis, A., Chatterjee, K., & Nowak, M. A. (2019). Population
structure determines the tradeoff between fixation probability and fixation time.
Communications Biology. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-019-0373-y
chicago: Tkadlec, Josef, Andreas Pavlogiannis, Krishnendu Chatterjee, and Martin
A. Nowak. “Population Structure Determines the Tradeoff between Fixation Probability
and Fixation Time.” Communications Biology. Springer Nature, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-019-0373-y.
ieee: J. Tkadlec, A. Pavlogiannis, K. Chatterjee, and M. A. Nowak, “Population structure
determines the tradeoff between fixation probability and fixation time,” Communications
Biology, vol. 2. Springer Nature, 2019.
ista: Tkadlec J, Pavlogiannis A, Chatterjee K, Nowak MA. 2019. Population structure
determines the tradeoff between fixation probability and fixation time. Communications
Biology. 2, 138.
mla: Tkadlec, Josef, et al. “Population Structure Determines the Tradeoff between
Fixation Probability and Fixation Time.” Communications Biology, vol. 2,
138, Springer Nature, 2019, doi:10.1038/s42003-019-0373-y.
short: J. Tkadlec, A. Pavlogiannis, K. Chatterjee, M.A. Nowak, Communications Biology
2 (2019).
date_created: 2019-12-23T13:36:50Z
date_published: 2019-04-23T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-07T13:19:22Z
day: '23'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.1038/s42003-019-0373-y
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
isi:
- '000465425700006'
pmid:
- '31044163'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: d1a69bfe73767e4246f0a38e4e1554dd
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-12-23T13:39:30Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:53Z
file_id: '7211'
file_name: 2019_CommBio_Tkadlec.pdf
file_size: 1670274
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:53Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 2'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 2581B60A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '279307'
name: 'Quantitative Graph Games: Theory and Applications'
- _id: 2584A770-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: P 23499-N23
name: Modern Graph Algorithmic Techniques in Formal Verification
- _id: 25832EC2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: S 11407_N23
name: Rigorous Systems Engineering
publication: Communications Biology
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2399-3642
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
record:
- id: '7196'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Population structure determines the tradeoff between fixation probability and
fixation time
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
volume: 2
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '7402'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Graph planning gives rise to fundamental algorithmic questions such as shortest
path, traveling salesman problem, etc. A classical problem in discrete planning
is to consider a weighted graph and construct a path that maximizes the sum of
weights for a given time horizon T. However, in many scenarios, the time horizon
is not fixed, but the stopping time is chosen according to some distribution such
that the expected stopping time is T. If the stopping time distribution is not
known, then to ensure robustness, the distribution is chosen by an adversary,
to represent the worst-case scenario. A stationary plan for every vertex always
chooses the same outgoing edge. For fixed horizon or fixed stopping-time distribution,
stationary plans are not sufficient for optimality. Quite surprisingly we show
that when an adversary chooses the stopping-time distribution with expected stopping
time T, then stationary plans are sufficient. While computing optimal stationary
plans for fixed horizon is NP-complete, we show that computing optimal stationary
plans under adversarial stopping-time distribution can be achieved in polynomial
time. Consequently, our polynomial-time algorithm for adversarial stopping time
also computes an optimal plan among all possible plans.
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Krishnendu
full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Chatterjee
orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
- first_name: Laurent
full_name: Doyen, Laurent
last_name: Doyen
citation:
ama: 'Chatterjee K, Doyen L. Graph planning with expected finite horizon. In: 34th
Annual ACM/IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science. IEEE; 2019:1-13. doi:10.1109/lics.2019.8785706'
apa: 'Chatterjee, K., & Doyen, L. (2019). Graph planning with expected finite
horizon. In 34th Annual ACM/IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science
(pp. 1–13). Vancouver, BC, Canada: IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/lics.2019.8785706'
chicago: Chatterjee, Krishnendu, and Laurent Doyen. “Graph Planning with Expected
Finite Horizon.” In 34th Annual ACM/IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science,
1–13. IEEE, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1109/lics.2019.8785706.
ieee: K. Chatterjee and L. Doyen, “Graph planning with expected finite horizon,”
in 34th Annual ACM/IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science, Vancouver,
BC, Canada, 2019, pp. 1–13.
ista: 'Chatterjee K, Doyen L. 2019. Graph planning with expected finite horizon.
34th Annual ACM/IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science. LICS: Symposium on
Logic in Computer Science, 1–13.'
mla: Chatterjee, Krishnendu, and Laurent Doyen. “Graph Planning with Expected Finite
Horizon.” 34th Annual ACM/IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science,
IEEE, 2019, pp. 1–13, doi:10.1109/lics.2019.8785706.
short: K. Chatterjee, L. Doyen, in:, 34th Annual ACM/IEEE Symposium on Logic in
Computer Science, IEEE, 2019, pp. 1–13.
conference:
end_date: 2019-06-27
location: Vancouver, BC, Canada
name: 'LICS: Symposium on Logic in Computer Science'
start_date: 2019-06-24
date_created: 2020-01-29T16:18:33Z
date_published: 2019-06-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-07-14T09:09:54Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.1109/lics.2019.8785706
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1802.03642'
isi:
- '000805002800001'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1802.03642
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 1-13
publication: 34th Annual ACM/IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- '9781728136080'
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
record:
- id: '11402'
relation: later_version
status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Graph planning with expected finite horizon
type: conference
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '5948'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We study the termination problem for nondeterministic probabilistic programs.
We consider the bounded termination problem that asks whether the supremum of
the expected termination time over all schedulers is bounded. First, we show that
ranking supermartingales (RSMs) are both sound and complete for proving bounded
termination over nondeterministic probabilistic programs. For nondeterministic
probabilistic programs a previous result claimed that RSMs are not complete for
bounded termination, whereas our result corrects the previous flaw and establishes
completeness with a rigorous proof. Second, we present the first sound approach
to establish lower bounds on expected termination time through RSMs.
alternative_title:
- LNCS
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Hongfei
full_name: Fu, Hongfei
last_name: Fu
- first_name: Krishnendu
full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Chatterjee
orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
citation:
ama: 'Fu H, Chatterjee K. Termination of nondeterministic probabilistic programs.
In: International Conference on Verification, Model Checking, and Abstract
Interpretation. Vol 11388. Springer Nature; 2019:468-490. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-11245-5_22'
apa: 'Fu, H., & Chatterjee, K. (2019). Termination of nondeterministic probabilistic
programs. In International Conference on Verification, Model Checking, and
Abstract Interpretation (Vol. 11388, pp. 468–490). Cascais, Portugal: Springer
Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11245-5_22'
chicago: Fu, Hongfei, and Krishnendu Chatterjee. “Termination of Nondeterministic
Probabilistic Programs.” In International Conference on Verification, Model
Checking, and Abstract Interpretation, 11388:468–90. Springer Nature, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11245-5_22.
ieee: H. Fu and K. Chatterjee, “Termination of nondeterministic probabilistic programs,”
in International Conference on Verification, Model Checking, and Abstract Interpretation,
Cascais, Portugal, 2019, vol. 11388, pp. 468–490.
ista: 'Fu H, Chatterjee K. 2019. Termination of nondeterministic probabilistic programs.
International Conference on Verification, Model Checking, and Abstract Interpretation.
VMCAI: Verification, Model Checking, and Abstract Interpretation, LNCS, vol. 11388,
468–490.'
mla: Fu, Hongfei, and Krishnendu Chatterjee. “Termination of Nondeterministic Probabilistic
Programs.” International Conference on Verification, Model Checking, and Abstract
Interpretation, vol. 11388, Springer Nature, 2019, pp. 468–90, doi:10.1007/978-3-030-11245-5_22.
short: H. Fu, K. Chatterjee, in:, International Conference on Verification, Model
Checking, and Abstract Interpretation, Springer Nature, 2019, pp. 468–490.
conference:
end_date: 2019-01-15
location: Cascais, Portugal
name: 'VMCAI: Verification, Model Checking, and Abstract Interpretation'
start_date: 2019-01-13
date_created: 2019-02-10T22:59:17Z
date_published: 2019-01-11T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-06-02T08:53:41Z
day: '11'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-11245-5_22
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1701.02944'
isi:
- '000931943000022'
intvolume: ' 11388'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1701.02944
month: '01'
oa_version: Preprint
page: 468-490
project:
- _id: 25892FC0-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
grant_number: ICT15-003
name: Efficient Algorithms for Computer Aided Verification
- _id: 25832EC2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: S 11407_N23
name: Rigorous Systems Engineering
publication: International Conference on Verification, Model Checking, and Abstract
Interpretation
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Termination of nondeterministic probabilistic programs
type: conference
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 11388
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '6056'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: In today's programmable blockchains, smart contracts are limited to being
deterministic and non-probabilistic. This lack of randomness is a consequential
limitation, given that a wide variety of real-world financial contracts, such
as casino games and lotteries, depend entirely on randomness. As a result, several
ad-hoc random number generation approaches have been developed to be used in smart
contracts. These include ideas such as using an oracle or relying on the block
hash. However, these approaches are manipulatable, i.e. their output can be tampered
with by parties who might not be neutral, such as the owner of the oracle or the
miners.We propose a novel game-theoretic approach for generating provably unmanipulatable
pseudorandom numbers on the blockchain. Our approach allows smart contracts to
access a trustworthy source of randomness that does not rely on potentially compromised
miners or oracles, hence enabling the creation of a new generation of smart contracts
that are not limited to being non-probabilistic and can be drawn from the much
more general class of probabilistic programs.
article_number: '8751326'
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Krishnendu
full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Chatterjee
orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
- first_name: Amir Kafshdar
full_name: Goharshady, Amir Kafshdar
id: 391365CE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Goharshady
orcid: 0000-0003-1702-6584
- first_name: Arash
full_name: Pourdamghani, Arash
last_name: Pourdamghani
citation:
ama: 'Chatterjee K, Goharshady AK, Pourdamghani A. Probabilistic smart contracts:
Secure randomness on the blockchain. In: IEEE International Conference on Blockchain
and Cryptocurrency. IEEE; 2019. doi:10.1109/BLOC.2019.8751326'
apa: 'Chatterjee, K., Goharshady, A. K., & Pourdamghani, A. (2019). Probabilistic
smart contracts: Secure randomness on the blockchain. In IEEE International
Conference on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency. Seoul, Korea: IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/BLOC.2019.8751326'
chicago: 'Chatterjee, Krishnendu, Amir Kafshdar Goharshady, and Arash Pourdamghani.
“Probabilistic Smart Contracts: Secure Randomness on the Blockchain.” In IEEE
International Conference on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency. IEEE, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1109/BLOC.2019.8751326.'
ieee: 'K. Chatterjee, A. K. Goharshady, and A. Pourdamghani, “Probabilistic smart
contracts: Secure randomness on the blockchain,” in IEEE International Conference
on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency, Seoul, Korea, 2019.'
ista: 'Chatterjee K, Goharshady AK, Pourdamghani A. 2019. Probabilistic smart contracts:
Secure randomness on the blockchain. IEEE International Conference on Blockchain
and Cryptocurrency. IEEE International Conference on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency,
8751326.'
mla: 'Chatterjee, Krishnendu, et al. “Probabilistic Smart Contracts: Secure Randomness
on the Blockchain.” IEEE International Conference on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency,
8751326, IEEE, 2019, doi:10.1109/BLOC.2019.8751326.'
short: K. Chatterjee, A.K. Goharshady, A. Pourdamghani, in:, IEEE International
Conference on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency, IEEE, 2019.
conference:
end_date: 2019-05-17
location: Seoul, Korea
name: IEEE International Conference on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency
start_date: 2019-05-14
date_created: 2019-02-26T09:03:15Z
date_published: 2019-05-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-03-25T23:30:18Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.1109/BLOC.2019.8751326
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1902.07986'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.07986
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
project:
- _id: 25892FC0-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
grant_number: ICT15-003
name: Efficient Algorithms for Computer Aided Verification
- _id: 25832EC2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: S 11407_N23
name: Rigorous Systems Engineering
- _id: 2581B60A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '279307'
name: 'Quantitative Graph Games: Theory and Applications'
- _id: 266EEEC0-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
name: Quantitative Game-theoretic Analysis of Blockchain Applications and Smart
Contracts
- _id: 267066CE-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
name: Quantitative Analysis of Probablistic Systems with a focus on Crypto-currencies
publication: IEEE International Conference on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
record:
- id: '8934'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
scopus_import: 1
status: public
title: 'Probabilistic smart contracts: Secure randomness on the blockchain'
type: conference
user_id: 3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '6175'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "We consider the problem of expected cost analysis over nondeterministic probabilistic
programs,\r\nwhich aims at automated methods for analyzing the resource-usage
of such programs.\r\nPrevious approaches for this problem could only handle nonnegative
bounded costs.\r\nHowever, in many scenarios, such as queuing networks or analysis
of cryptocurrency protocols,\r\nboth positive and negative costs are necessary
and the costs are unbounded as well.\r\n\r\nIn this work, we present a sound and
efficient approach to obtain polynomial bounds on the\r\nexpected accumulated
cost of nondeterministic probabilistic programs.\r\nOur approach can handle (a)
general positive and negative costs with bounded updates in\r\nvariables; and
(b) nonnegative costs with general updates to variables.\r\nWe show that several
natural examples which could not be\r\nhandled by previous approaches are captured
in our framework.\r\n\r\nMoreover, our approach leads to an efficient polynomial-time
algorithm, while no\r\nprevious approach for cost analysis of probabilistic programs
could guarantee polynomial runtime.\r\nFinally, we show the effectiveness of our
approach using experimental results on a variety of programs for which we efficiently
synthesize tight resource-usage bounds."
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Peixin
full_name: Wang, Peixin
last_name: Wang
- first_name: Hongfei
full_name: Fu, Hongfei
id: 3AAD03D6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Fu
- first_name: Amir Kafshdar
full_name: Goharshady, Amir Kafshdar
id: 391365CE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Goharshady
orcid: 0000-0003-1702-6584
- first_name: Krishnendu
full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Chatterjee
orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
- first_name: Xudong
full_name: Qin, Xudong
last_name: Qin
- first_name: Wenjun
full_name: Shi, Wenjun
last_name: Shi
citation:
ama: 'Wang P, Fu H, Goharshady AK, Chatterjee K, Qin X, Shi W. Cost analysis of
nondeterministic probabilistic programs. In: PLDI 2019: Proceedings of the
40th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation.
Association for Computing Machinery; 2019:204-220. doi:10.1145/3314221.3314581'
apa: 'Wang, P., Fu, H., Goharshady, A. K., Chatterjee, K., Qin, X., & Shi, W.
(2019). Cost analysis of nondeterministic probabilistic programs. In PLDI 2019:
Proceedings of the 40th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design
and Implementation (pp. 204–220). Phoenix, AZ, United States: Association
for Computing Machinery. https://doi.org/10.1145/3314221.3314581'
chicago: 'Wang, Peixin, Hongfei Fu, Amir Kafshdar Goharshady, Krishnendu Chatterjee,
Xudong Qin, and Wenjun Shi. “Cost Analysis of Nondeterministic Probabilistic Programs.”
In PLDI 2019: Proceedings of the 40th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming
Language Design and Implementation, 204–20. Association for Computing Machinery,
2019. https://doi.org/10.1145/3314221.3314581.'
ieee: 'P. Wang, H. Fu, A. K. Goharshady, K. Chatterjee, X. Qin, and W. Shi, “Cost
analysis of nondeterministic probabilistic programs,” in PLDI 2019: Proceedings
of the 40th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation,
Phoenix, AZ, United States, 2019, pp. 204–220.'
ista: 'Wang P, Fu H, Goharshady AK, Chatterjee K, Qin X, Shi W. 2019. Cost analysis
of nondeterministic probabilistic programs. PLDI 2019: Proceedings of the 40th
ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation. PLDI:
Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation, 204–220.'
mla: 'Wang, Peixin, et al. “Cost Analysis of Nondeterministic Probabilistic Programs.”
PLDI 2019: Proceedings of the 40th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language
Design and Implementation, Association for Computing Machinery, 2019, pp.
204–20, doi:10.1145/3314221.3314581.'
short: 'P. Wang, H. Fu, A.K. Goharshady, K. Chatterjee, X. Qin, W. Shi, in:, PLDI
2019: Proceedings of the 40th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design
and Implementation, Association for Computing Machinery, 2019, pp. 204–220.'
conference:
end_date: 2019-06-26
location: Phoenix, AZ, United States
name: 'PLDI: Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation'
start_date: 2019-06-22
date_created: 2019-03-25T10:13:25Z
date_published: 2019-06-08T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-06-02T08:53:45Z
day: '08'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.1145/3314221.3314581
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1902.04659'
isi:
- '000523190300014'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 703a5e9b8c8587f2a44085ffd9a4db64
content_type: application/pdf
creator: akafshda
date_created: 2019-03-25T10:11:22Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:20Z
file_id: '6176'
file_name: paper.pdf
file_size: 4051066
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:20Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
isi: 1
keyword:
- Program Cost Analysis
- Program Termination
- Probabilistic Programs
- Martingales
language:
- iso: eng
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Submitted Version
page: 204-220
project:
- _id: 25892FC0-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
grant_number: ICT15-003
name: Efficient Algorithms for Computer Aided Verification
- _id: 25863FF4-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: S11407
name: Game Theory
- _id: 25832EC2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: S 11407_N23
name: Rigorous Systems Engineering
- _id: 2581B60A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '279307'
name: 'Quantitative Graph Games: Theory and Applications'
- _id: 266EEEC0-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
name: Quantitative Game-theoretic Analysis of Blockchain Applications and Smart
Contracts
publication: 'PLDI 2019: Proceedings of the 40th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming
Language Design and Implementation'
publication_status: published
publisher: Association for Computing Machinery
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
record:
- id: '5457'
relation: earlier_version
status: public
- id: '8934'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Cost analysis of nondeterministic probabilistic programs
type: conference
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '6378'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'In today''s cryptocurrencies, Hashcash proof of work is the most commonly-adopted
approach to mining. In Hashcash, when a miner decides to add a block to the chain,
she has to solve the difficult computational puzzle of inverting a hash function.
While Hashcash has been successfully adopted in both Bitcoin and Ethereum, it
has attracted significant and harsh criticism due to its massive waste of electricity,
its carbon footprint and environmental effects, and the inherent lack of usefulness
in inverting a hash function. Various other mining protocols have been suggested,
including proof of stake, in which a miner''s chance of adding the next block
is proportional to her current balance. However, such protocols lead to a higher
entry cost for new miners who might not still have any stake in the cryptocurrency,
and can in the worst case lead to an oligopoly, where the rich have complete control
over mining. In this paper, we propose Hybrid Mining: a new mining protocol that
combines solving real-world useful problems with Hashcash. Our protocol allows
new miners to join the network by taking part in Hashcash mining without having
to own an initial stake. It also allows nodes of the network to submit hard computational
problems whose solutions are of interest in the real world, e.g.~protein folding
problems. Then, miners can choose to compete in solving these problems, in lieu
of Hashcash, for adding a new block. Hence, Hybrid Mining incentivizes miners
to solve useful problems, such as hard computational problems arising in biology,
in a distributed manner. It also gives researchers in other areas an easy-to-use
tool to outsource their hard computations to the blockchain network, which has
enormous computational power, by paying a reward to the miner who solves the problem
for them. Moreover, our protocol provides strong security guarantees and is at
least as resilient to double spending as Bitcoin.'
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Krishnendu
full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Chatterjee
orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
- first_name: Amir Kafshdar
full_name: Goharshady, Amir Kafshdar
id: 391365CE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Goharshady
orcid: 0000-0003-1702-6584
- first_name: Arash
full_name: Pourdamghani, Arash
last_name: Pourdamghani
citation:
ama: 'Chatterjee K, Goharshady AK, Pourdamghani A. Hybrid Mining: Exploiting blockchain’s
computational power for distributed problem solving. In: Proceedings of the
34th ACM Symposium on Applied Computing. Vol Part F147772. ACM; 2019:374-381.
doi:10.1145/3297280.3297319'
apa: 'Chatterjee, K., Goharshady, A. K., & Pourdamghani, A. (2019). Hybrid Mining:
Exploiting blockchain’s computational power for distributed problem solving. In
Proceedings of the 34th ACM Symposium on Applied Computing (Vol. Part F147772,
pp. 374–381). Limassol, Cyprus: ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/3297280.3297319'
chicago: 'Chatterjee, Krishnendu, Amir Kafshdar Goharshady, and Arash Pourdamghani.
“Hybrid Mining: Exploiting Blockchain’s Computational Power for Distributed Problem
Solving.” In Proceedings of the 34th ACM Symposium on Applied Computing,
Part F147772:374–81. ACM, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1145/3297280.3297319.'
ieee: 'K. Chatterjee, A. K. Goharshady, and A. Pourdamghani, “Hybrid Mining: Exploiting
blockchain’s computational power for distributed problem solving,” in Proceedings
of the 34th ACM Symposium on Applied Computing, Limassol, Cyprus, 2019, vol.
Part F147772, pp. 374–381.'
ista: 'Chatterjee K, Goharshady AK, Pourdamghani A. 2019. Hybrid Mining: Exploiting
blockchain’s computational power for distributed problem solving. Proceedings
of the 34th ACM Symposium on Applied Computing. ACM Symposium on Applied Computing
vol. Part F147772, 374–381.'
mla: 'Chatterjee, Krishnendu, et al. “Hybrid Mining: Exploiting Blockchain’s Computational
Power for Distributed Problem Solving.” Proceedings of the 34th ACM Symposium
on Applied Computing, vol. Part F147772, ACM, 2019, pp. 374–81, doi:10.1145/3297280.3297319.'
short: K. Chatterjee, A.K. Goharshady, A. Pourdamghani, in:, Proceedings of the
34th ACM Symposium on Applied Computing, ACM, 2019, pp. 374–381.
conference:
end_date: 2019-04-12
location: Limassol, Cyprus
name: ACM Symposium on Applied Computing
start_date: 2019-04-08
date_created: 2019-05-06T12:11:36Z
date_published: 2019-04-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-06-02T08:53:46Z
day: '01'
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department:
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doi: 10.1145/3297280.3297319
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page: 374-381
project:
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call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '279307'
name: 'Quantitative Graph Games: Theory and Applications'
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name: Efficient Algorithms for Computer Aided Verification
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publication: Proceedings of the 34th ACM Symposium on Applied Computing
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publisher: ACM
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relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Hybrid Mining: Exploiting blockchain’s computational power for distributed
problem solving'
type: conference
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: Part F147772
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '6380'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'There is a huge gap between the speeds of modern caches and main memories,
and therefore cache misses account for a considerable loss of efficiency in programs.
The predominant technique to address this issue has been Data Packing: data elements
that are frequently accessed within time proximity are packed into the same cache
block, thereby minimizing accesses to the main memory. We consider the algorithmic
problem of Data Packing on a two-level memory system. Given a reference sequence
R of accesses to data elements, the task is to partition the elements into cache
blocks such that the number of cache misses on R is minimized. The problem is
notoriously difficult: it is NP-hard even when the cache has size 1, and is hard
to approximate for any cache size larger than 4. Therefore, all existing techniques
for Data Packing are based on heuristics and lack theoretical guarantees. In this
work, we present the first positive theoretical results for Data Packing, along
with new and stronger negative results. We consider the problem under the lens
of the underlying access hypergraphs, which are hypergraphs of affinities between
the data elements, where the order of an access hypergraph corresponds to the
size of the affinity group. We study the problem parameterized by the treewidth
of access hypergraphs, which is a standard notion in graph theory to measure the
closeness of a graph to a tree. Our main results are as follows: We show there
is a number q* depending on the cache parameters such that (a) if the access hypergraph
of order q* has constant treewidth, then there is a linear-time algorithm for
Data Packing; (b)the Data Packing problem remains NP-hard even if the access hypergraph
of order q*-1 has constant treewidth. Thus, we establish a fine-grained dichotomy
depending on a single parameter, namely, the highest order among access hypegraphs
that have constant treewidth; and establish the optimal value q* of this parameter.
Finally, we present an experimental evaluation of a prototype implementation of
our algorithm. Our results demonstrate that, in practice, access hypergraphs of
many commonly-used algorithms have small treewidth. We compare our approach with
several state-of-the-art heuristic-based algorithms and show that our algorithm
leads to significantly fewer cache-misses. '
article_number: '53'
author:
- first_name: Krishnendu
full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Chatterjee
orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
- first_name: Amir Kafshdar
full_name: Goharshady, Amir Kafshdar
id: 391365CE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Goharshady
orcid: 0000-0003-1702-6584
- first_name: Nastaran
full_name: Okati, Nastaran
last_name: Okati
- first_name: Andreas
full_name: Pavlogiannis, Andreas
id: 49704004-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Pavlogiannis
orcid: 0000-0002-8943-0722
citation:
ama: Chatterjee K, Goharshady AK, Okati N, Pavlogiannis A. Efficient parameterized
algorithms for data packing. Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages.
2019;3(POPL). doi:10.1145/3290366
apa: Chatterjee, K., Goharshady, A. K., Okati, N., & Pavlogiannis, A. (2019).
Efficient parameterized algorithms for data packing. Proceedings of the ACM
on Programming Languages. ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/3290366
chicago: Chatterjee, Krishnendu, Amir Kafshdar Goharshady, Nastaran Okati, and Andreas
Pavlogiannis. “Efficient Parameterized Algorithms for Data Packing.” Proceedings
of the ACM on Programming Languages. ACM, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1145/3290366.
ieee: K. Chatterjee, A. K. Goharshady, N. Okati, and A. Pavlogiannis, “Efficient
parameterized algorithms for data packing,” Proceedings of the ACM on Programming
Languages, vol. 3, no. POPL. ACM, 2019.
ista: Chatterjee K, Goharshady AK, Okati N, Pavlogiannis A. 2019. Efficient parameterized
algorithms for data packing. Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages.
3(POPL), 53.
mla: Chatterjee, Krishnendu, et al. “Efficient Parameterized Algorithms for Data
Packing.” Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages, vol. 3, no.
POPL, 53, ACM, 2019, doi:10.1145/3290366.
short: K. Chatterjee, A.K. Goharshady, N. Okati, A. Pavlogiannis, Proceedings of
the ACM on Programming Languages 3 (2019).
date_created: 2019-05-06T12:18:17Z
date_published: 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-03-25T23:30:18Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '004'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.1145/3290366
ec_funded: 1
file:
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checksum: c157752f96877b36685ad7063ada4524
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-05-06T12:23:11Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:29Z
file_id: '6381'
file_name: 2019_ACM_POPL_Chatterjee.pdf
file_size: 1294962
relation: main_file
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has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 3'
issue: POPL
language:
- iso: eng
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 25892FC0-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
grant_number: ICT15-003
name: Efficient Algorithms for Computer Aided Verification
- _id: 25832EC2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: S 11407_N23
name: Rigorous Systems Engineering
- _id: 2581B60A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '279307'
name: 'Quantitative Graph Games: Theory and Applications'
publication: Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2475-1421
publication_status: published
publisher: ACM
pubrep_id: '1056'
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
record:
- id: '8934'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
status: public
title: Efficient parameterized algorithms for data packing
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 3
year: '2019'
...