@article{9408, abstract = {We present a computational design system that assists users to model, optimize, and fabricate quad-robots with soft skins. Our system addresses the challenging task of predicting their physical behavior by fully integrating the multibody dynamics of the mechanical skeleton and the elastic behavior of the soft skin. The developed motion control strategy uses an alternating optimization scheme to avoid expensive full space time-optimization, interleaving space-time optimization for the skeleton, and frame-by-frame optimization for the full dynamics. The output are motor torques to drive the robot to achieve a user prescribed motion trajectory. We also provide a collection of convenient engineering tools and empirical manufacturing guidance to support the fabrication of the designed quad-robot. We validate the feasibility of designs generated with our system through physics simulations and with a physically-fabricated prototype.}, author = {Feng, Xudong and Liu, Jiafeng and Wang, Huamin and Yang, Yin and Bao, Hujun and Bickel, Bernd and Xu, Weiwei}, issn = {10772626}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics}, number = {6}, publisher = {IEEE}, title = {{Computational design of skinned Quad-Robots}}, doi = {10.1109/TVCG.2019.2957218}, volume = {27}, year = {2021}, } @article{9410, abstract = {Antibiotic concentrations vary dramatically in the body and the environment. Hence, understanding the dynamics of resistance evolution along antibiotic concentration gradients is critical for predicting and slowing the emergence and spread of resistance. While it has been shown that increasing the concentration of an antibiotic slows resistance evolution, how adaptation to one antibiotic concentration correlates with fitness at other points along the gradient has not received much attention. Here, we selected populations of Escherichia coli at several points along a concentration gradient for three different antibiotics, asking how rapidly resistance evolved and whether populations became specialized to the antibiotic concentration they were selected on. Populations selected at higher concentrations evolved resistance more slowly but exhibited equal or higher fitness across the whole gradient. Populations selected at lower concentrations evolved resistance rapidly, but overall fitness in the presence of antibiotics was lower. However, these populations readily adapted to higher concentrations upon subsequent selection. Our results indicate that resistance management strategies must account not only for the rates of resistance evolution but also for the fitness of evolved strains.}, author = {Lagator, Mato and Uecker, Hildegard and Neve, Paul}, issn = {1744957X}, journal = {Biology letters}, number = {5}, publisher = {Royal Society of London}, title = {{Adaptation at different points along antibiotic concentration gradients}}, doi = {10.1098/rsbl.2020.0913}, volume = {17}, year = {2021}, } @article{9411, abstract = {The dynamics of a triangular magnetocapillary swimmer is studied using the lattice Boltzmann method. We extend on our previous work, which deals with the self-assembly and a specific type of the swimmer motion characterized by the swimmer’s maximum velocity centred around the particle’s inverse viscous time. Here, we identify additional regimes of motion. First, modifying the ratio of surface tension and magnetic forces allows to study the swimmer propagation in the regime of significantly lower frequencies mainly defined by the strength of the magnetocapillary potential. Second, introducing a constant magnetic contribution in each of the particles in addition to their magnetic moment induced by external fields leads to another regime characterized by strong in-plane swimmer reorientations that resemble experimental observations.}, author = {Sukhov, Alexander and Hubert, Maxime and Grosjean, Galien M and Trosman, Oleg and Ziegler, Sebastian and Collard, Ylona and Vandewalle, Nicolas and Smith, Ana Sunčana and Harting, Jens}, issn = {1292895X}, journal = {European Physical Journal E}, number = {4}, publisher = {Springer}, title = {{Regimes of motion of magnetocapillary swimmers}}, doi = {10.1140/epje/s10189-021-00065-2}, volume = {44}, year = {2021}, } @article{9412, abstract = {We extend our recent result [22] on the central limit theorem for the linear eigenvalue statistics of non-Hermitian matrices X with independent, identically distributed complex entries to the real symmetry class. We find that the expectation and variance substantially differ from their complex counterparts, reflecting (i) the special spectral symmetry of real matrices onto the real axis; and (ii) the fact that real i.i.d. matrices have many real eigenvalues. Our result generalizes the previously known special cases where either the test function is analytic [49] or the first four moments of the matrix elements match the real Gaussian [59, 44]. The key element of the proof is the analysis of several weakly dependent Dyson Brownian motions (DBMs). The conceptual novelty of the real case compared with [22] is that the correlation structure of the stochastic differentials in each individual DBM is non-trivial, potentially even jeopardising its well-posedness.}, author = {Cipolloni, Giorgio and Erdös, László and Schröder, Dominik J}, issn = {10836489}, journal = {Electronic Journal of Probability}, publisher = {Institute of Mathematical Statistics}, title = {{Fluctuation around the circular law for random matrices with real entries}}, doi = {10.1214/21-EJP591}, volume = {26}, year = {2021}, } @article{9414, abstract = {Microtubule plus-end depolymerization rate is a potentially important target of physiological regulation, but it has been challenging to measure, so its role in spatial organization is poorly understood. Here we apply a method for tracking plus ends based on time difference imaging to measure depolymerization rates in large interphase asters growing in Xenopus egg extract. We observed strong spatial regulation of depolymerization rates, which were higher in the aster interior compared with the periphery, and much less regulation of polymerization or catastrophe rates. We interpret these data in terms of a limiting component model, where aster growth results in lower levels of soluble tubulin and microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) in the interior cytosol compared with that at the periphery. The steady-state polymer fraction of tubulin was ∼30%, so tubulin is not strongly depleted in the aster interior. We propose that the limiting component for microtubule assembly is a MAP that inhibits depolymerization, and that egg asters are tuned to low microtubule density.}, author = {Ishihara, Keisuke and Decker, Franziska and Dos Santos Caldas, Paulo R and Pelletier, James F. and Loose, Martin and Brugués, Jan and Mitchison, Timothy J.}, issn = {1939-4586}, journal = {Molecular Biology of the Cell}, number = {9}, pages = {869--879}, publisher = {American Society for Cell Biology}, title = {{Spatial variation of microtubule depolymerization in large asters}}, doi = {10.1091/MBC.E20-11-0723}, volume = {32}, year = {2021}, } @inproceedings{9416, abstract = {We study the inductive bias of two-layer ReLU networks trained by gradient flow. We identify a class of easy-to-learn (`orthogonally separable') datasets, and characterise the solution that ReLU networks trained on such datasets converge to. Irrespective of network width, the solution turns out to be a combination of two max-margin classifiers: one corresponding to the positive data subset and one corresponding to the negative data subset. The proof is based on the recently introduced concept of extremal sectors, for which we prove a number of properties in the context of orthogonal separability. In particular, we prove stationarity of activation patterns from some time onwards, which enables a reduction of the ReLU network to an ensemble of linear subnetworks.}, author = {Bui Thi Mai, Phuong and Lampert, Christoph}, booktitle = {9th International Conference on Learning Representations}, location = {Virtual}, title = {{The inductive bias of ReLU networks on orthogonally separable data}}, year = {2021}, } @phdthesis{9418, abstract = {Deep learning is best known for its empirical success across a wide range of applications spanning computer vision, natural language processing and speech. Of equal significance, though perhaps less known, are its ramifications for learning theory: deep networks have been observed to perform surprisingly well in the high-capacity regime, aka the overfitting or underspecified regime. Classically, this regime on the far right of the bias-variance curve is associated with poor generalisation; however, recent experiments with deep networks challenge this view. This thesis is devoted to investigating various aspects of underspecification in deep learning. First, we argue that deep learning models are underspecified on two levels: a) any given training dataset can be fit by many different functions, and b) any given function can be expressed by many different parameter configurations. We refer to the second kind of underspecification as parameterisation redundancy and we precisely characterise its extent. Second, we characterise the implicit criteria (the inductive bias) that guide learning in the underspecified regime. Specifically, we consider a nonlinear but tractable classification setting, and show that given the choice, neural networks learn classifiers with a large margin. Third, we consider learning scenarios where the inductive bias is not by itself sufficient to deal with underspecification. We then study different ways of ‘tightening the specification’: i) In the setting of representation learning with variational autoencoders, we propose a hand- crafted regulariser based on mutual information. ii) In the setting of binary classification, we consider soft-label (real-valued) supervision. We derive a generalisation bound for linear networks supervised in this way and verify that soft labels facilitate fast learning. Finally, we explore an application of soft-label supervision to the training of multi-exit models.}, author = {Bui Thi Mai, Phuong}, issn = {2663-337X}, pages = {125}, publisher = {Institute of Science and Technology Austria}, title = {{Underspecification in deep learning}}, doi = {10.15479/AT:ISTA:9418}, year = {2021}, } @article{9428, abstract = {Thermalization is the inevitable fate of many complex quantum systems, whose dynamics allow them to fully explore the vast configuration space regardless of the initial state---the behaviour known as quantum ergodicity. In a quest for experimental realizations of coherent long-time dynamics, efforts have focused on ergodicity-breaking mechanisms, such as integrability and localization. The recent discovery of persistent revivals in quantum simulators based on Rydberg atoms have pointed to the existence of a new type of behaviour where the system rapidly relaxes for most initial conditions, while certain initial states give rise to non-ergodic dynamics. This collective effect has been named ”quantum many-body scarring’by analogy with a related form of weak ergodicity breaking that occurs for a single particle inside a stadium billiard potential. In this Review, we provide a pedagogical introduction to quantum many-body scars and highlight the emerging connections with the semiclassical quantization of many-body systems. We discuss the relation between scars and more general routes towards weak violations of ergodicity due to embedded algebras and non-thermal eigenstates, and highlight possible applications of scars in quantum technology.}, author = {Serbyn, Maksym and Abanin, Dmitry A. and Papić, Zlatko}, issn = {1745-2481}, journal = {Nature Physics}, number = {6}, pages = {675–685}, publisher = {Nature Research}, title = {{Quantum many-body scars and weak breaking of ergodicity}}, doi = {10.1038/s41567-021-01230-2}, volume = {17}, year = {2021}, } @article{9429, abstract = {De novo loss of function mutations in the ubiquitin ligase-encoding gene Cullin3 lead to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In mouse, constitutive haploinsufficiency leads to motor coordination deficits as well as ASD-relevant social and cognitive impairments. However, induction of Cul3 haploinsufficiency later in life does not lead to ASD-relevant behaviors, pointing to an important role of Cul3 during a critical developmental window. Here we show that Cul3 is essential to regulate neuronal migration and, therefore, constitutive Cul3 heterozygous mutant mice display cortical lamination abnormalities. At the molecular level, we found that Cul3 controls neuronal migration by tightly regulating the amount of Plastin3 (Pls3), a previously unrecognized player of neural migration. Furthermore, we found that Pls3 cell-autonomously regulates cell migration by regulating actin cytoskeleton organization, and its levels are inversely proportional to neural migration speed. Finally, we provide evidence that cellular phenotypes associated with autism-linked gene haploinsufficiency can be rescued by transcriptional activation of the intact allele in vitro, offering a proof of concept for a potential therapeutic approach for ASDs.}, author = {Morandell, Jasmin and Schwarz, Lena A and Basilico, Bernadette and Tasciyan, Saren and Dimchev, Georgi A and Nicolas, Armel and Sommer, Christoph M and Kreuzinger, Caroline and Dotter, Christoph and Knaus, Lisa and Dobler, Zoe and Cacci, Emanuele and Schur, Florian KM and Danzl, Johann G and Novarino, Gaia}, issn = {2041-1723}, journal = {Nature Communications}, keywords = {General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, title = {{Cul3 regulates cytoskeleton protein homeostasis and cell migration during a critical window of brain development}}, doi = {10.1038/s41467-021-23123-x}, volume = {12}, year = {2021}, } @article{9431, abstract = {Inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) is an assembly cofactor for HIV-1. We report here that IP6 is also used for assembly of Rous sarcoma virus (RSV), a retrovirus from a different genus. IP6 is ~100-fold more potent at promoting RSV mature capsid protein (CA) assembly than observed for HIV-1 and removal of IP6 in cells reduces infectivity by 100-fold. Here, visualized by cryo-electron tomography and subtomogram averaging, mature capsid-like particles show an IP6-like density in the CA hexamer, coordinated by rings of six lysines and six arginines. Phosphate and IP6 have opposing effects on CA in vitro assembly, inducing formation of T = 1 icosahedrons and tubes, respectively, implying that phosphate promotes pentamer and IP6 hexamer formation. Subtomogram averaging and classification optimized for analysis of pleomorphic retrovirus particles reveal that the heterogeneity of mature RSV CA polyhedrons results from an unexpected, intrinsic CA hexamer flexibility. In contrast, the CA pentamer forms rigid units organizing the local architecture. These different features of hexamers and pentamers determine the structural mechanism to form CA polyhedrons of variable shape in mature RSV particles.}, author = {Obr, Martin and Ricana, Clifton L. and Nikulin, Nadia and Feathers, Jon-Philip R. and Klanschnig, Marco and Thader, Andreas and Johnson, Marc C. and Vogt, Volker M. and Schur, Florian KM and Dick, Robert A.}, issn = {2041-1723}, journal = {Nature Communications}, keywords = {General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, General Physics and Astronomy, General Chemistry}, number = {1}, publisher = {Nature Research}, title = {{Structure of the mature Rous sarcoma virus lattice reveals a role for IP6 in the formation of the capsid hexamer}}, doi = {10.1038/s41467-021-23506-0}, volume = {12}, year = {2021}, } @unpublished{9435, abstract = {For any given positive integer l, we prove that every plane deformation of a circlewhich preserves the 1/2and 1/ (2l + 1) -rational caustics is trivial i.e. the deformationconsists only of similarities (rescalings and isometries).}, author = {Kaloshin, Vadim and Koudjinan, Edmond}, title = {{Non co-preservation of the 1/2 and 1/(2l+1)-rational caustics along deformations of circles}}, year = {2021}, } @article{9437, abstract = {The synaptic connection from medial habenula (MHb) to interpeduncular nucleus (IPN) is critical for emotion-related behaviors and uniquely expresses R-type Ca2+ channels (Cav2.3) and auxiliary GABAB receptor (GBR) subunits, the K+-channel tetramerization domain-containing proteins (KCTDs). Activation of GBRs facilitates or inhibits transmitter release from MHb terminals depending on the IPN subnucleus, but the role of KCTDs is unknown. We therefore examined the localization and function of Cav2.3, GBRs, and KCTDs in this pathway in mice. We show in heterologous cells that KCTD8 and KCTD12b directly bind to Cav2.3 and that KCTD8 potentiates Cav2.3 currents in the absence of GBRs. In the rostral IPN, KCTD8, KCTD12b, and Cav2.3 co-localize at the presynaptic active zone. Genetic deletion indicated a bidirectional modulation of Cav2.3-mediated release by these KCTDs with a compensatory increase of KCTD8 in the active zone in KCTD12b-deficient mice. The interaction of Cav2.3 with KCTDs therefore scales synaptic strength independent of GBR activation.}, author = {Bhandari, Pradeep and Vandael, David H and Fernández-Fernández, Diego and Fritzius, Thorsten and Kleindienst, David and Önal, Hüseyin C and Montanaro-Punzengruber, Jacqueline-Claire and Gassmann, Martin and Jonas, Peter M and Kulik, Akos and Bettler, Bernhard and Shigemoto, Ryuichi and Koppensteiner, Peter}, issn = {2050-084X}, journal = {eLife}, publisher = {eLife Sciences Publications}, title = {{GABAB receptor auxiliary subunits modulate Cav2.3-mediated release from medial habenula terminals}}, doi = {10.7554/ELIFE.68274}, volume = {10}, year = {2021}, } @article{9438, abstract = {Rigorous investigation of synaptic transmission requires analysis of unitary synaptic events by simultaneous recording from presynaptic terminals and postsynaptic target neurons. However, this has been achieved at only a limited number of model synapses, including the squid giant synapse and the mammalian calyx of Held. Cortical presynaptic terminals have been largely inaccessible to direct presynaptic recording, due to their small size. Here, we describe a protocol for improved subcellular patch-clamp recording in rat and mouse brain slices, with the synapse in a largely intact environment. Slice preparation takes ~2 h, recording ~3 h and post hoc morphological analysis 2 d. Single presynaptic hippocampal mossy fiber terminals are stimulated minimally invasively in the bouton-attached configuration, in which the cytoplasmic content remains unperturbed, or in the whole-bouton configuration, in which the cytoplasmic composition can be precisely controlled. Paired pre–postsynaptic recordings can be integrated with biocytin labeling and morphological analysis, allowing correlative investigation of synapse structure and function. Paired recordings can be obtained from mossy fiber terminals in slices from both rats and mice, implying applicability to genetically modified synapses. Paired recordings can also be performed together with axon tract stimulation or optogenetic activation, allowing comparison of unitary and compound synaptic events in the same target cell. Finally, paired recordings can be combined with spontaneous event analysis, permitting collection of miniature events generated at a single identified synapse. In conclusion, the subcellular patch-clamp techniques detailed here should facilitate analysis of biophysics, plasticity and circuit function of cortical synapses in the mammalian central nervous system.}, author = {Vandael, David H and Okamoto, Yuji and Borges Merjane, Carolina and Vargas Barroso, Victor M and Suter, Benjamin and Jonas, Peter M}, issn = {17502799}, journal = {Nature Protocols}, number = {6}, pages = {2947–2967}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, title = {{Subcellular patch-clamp techniques for single-bouton stimulation and simultaneous pre- and postsynaptic recording at cortical synapses}}, doi = {10.1038/s41596-021-00526-0}, volume = {16}, year = {2021}, } @article{9439, abstract = {The ability to adapt to changes in stimulus statistics is a hallmark of sensory systems. Here, we developed a theoretical framework that can account for the dynamics of adaptation from an information processing perspective. We use this framework to optimize and analyze adaptive sensory codes, and we show that codes optimized for stationary environments can suffer from prolonged periods of poor performance when the environment changes. To mitigate the adversarial effects of these environmental changes, sensory systems must navigate tradeoffs between the ability to accurately encode incoming stimuli and the ability to rapidly detect and adapt to changes in the distribution of these stimuli. We derive families of codes that balance these objectives, and we demonstrate their close match to experimentally observed neural dynamics during mean and variance adaptation. Our results provide a unifying perspective on adaptation across a range of sensory systems, environments, and sensory tasks.}, author = {Mlynarski, Wiktor F and Hermundstad, Ann M.}, issn = {1546-1726}, journal = {Nature Neuroscience}, pages = {998--1009}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, title = {{Efficient and adaptive sensory codes}}, doi = {10.1038/s41593-021-00846-0}, volume = {24}, year = {2021}, } @inproceedings{9441, abstract = {Isomanifolds are the generalization of isosurfaces to arbitrary dimension and codimension, i.e. submanifolds of ℝ^d defined as the zero set of some multivariate multivalued smooth function f: ℝ^d → ℝ^{d-n}, where n is the intrinsic dimension of the manifold. A natural way to approximate a smooth isomanifold M is to consider its Piecewise-Linear (PL) approximation M̂ based on a triangulation 𝒯 of the ambient space ℝ^d. In this paper, we describe a simple algorithm to trace isomanifolds from a given starting point. The algorithm works for arbitrary dimensions n and d, and any precision D. Our main result is that, when f (or M) has bounded complexity, the complexity of the algorithm is polynomial in d and δ = 1/D (and unavoidably exponential in n). Since it is known that for δ = Ω (d^{2.5}), M̂ is O(D²)-close and isotopic to M, our algorithm produces a faithful PL-approximation of isomanifolds of bounded complexity in time polynomial in d. Combining this algorithm with dimensionality reduction techniques, the dependency on d in the size of M̂ can be completely removed with high probability. We also show that the algorithm can handle isomanifolds with boundary and, more generally, isostratifolds. The algorithm for isomanifolds with boundary has been implemented and experimental results are reported, showing that it is practical and can handle cases that are far ahead of the state-of-the-art. }, author = {Boissonnat, Jean-Daniel and Kachanovich, Siargey and Wintraecken, Mathijs}, booktitle = {37th International Symposium on Computational Geometry (SoCG 2021)}, isbn = {978-3-95977-184-9}, issn = {1868-8969}, location = {Virtual}, pages = {17:1--17:16}, publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik}, title = {{Tracing isomanifolds in Rd in time polynomial in d using Coxeter-Freudenthal-Kuhn triangulations}}, doi = {10.4230/LIPIcs.SoCG.2021.17}, volume = {189}, year = {2021}, } @article{9443, abstract = {Endoplasmic reticulum–plasma membrane contact sites (ER–PM CS) play fundamental roles in all eukaryotic cells. Arabidopsis thaliana mutants lacking the ER–PM protein tether synaptotagmin1 (SYT1) exhibit decreased PM integrity under multiple abiotic stresses, such as freezing, high salt, osmotic stress, and mechanical damage. Here, we show that, together with SYT1, the stress-induced SYT3 is an ER–PM tether that also functions in maintaining PM integrity. The ER–PM CS localization of SYT1 and SYT3 is dependent on PM phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate and is regulated by abiotic stress. Lipidomic analysis revealed that cold stress increased the accumulation of diacylglycerol at the PM in a syt1/3 double mutant relative to wild-type while the levels of most glycerolipid species remain unchanged. In addition, the SYT1-green fluorescent protein fusion preferentially binds diacylglycerol in vivo with little affinity for polar glycerolipids. Our work uncovers a SYT-dependent mechanism of stress adaptation counteracting the detrimental accumulation of diacylglycerol at the PM produced during episodes of abiotic stress.}, author = {Ruiz-Lopez, N and Pérez-Sancho, J and Esteban Del Valle, A and Haslam, RP and Vanneste, S and Catalá, R and Perea-Resa, C and Van Damme, D and García-Hernández, S and Albert, A and Vallarino, J and Lin, J and Friml, Jiří and Macho, AP and Salinas, J and Rosado, A and Napier, JA and Amorim-Silva, V and Botella, MA}, issn = {1532-298x}, journal = {Plant Cell}, number = {7}, pages = {2431--2453}, publisher = {American Society of Plant Biologists}, title = {{Synaptotagmins at the endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane contact sites maintain diacylglycerol homeostasis during abiotic stress}}, doi = {10.1093/plcell/koab122}, volume = {33}, year = {2021}, } @article{9447, abstract = {Lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) based water-in-salt electrolytes (WiSEs) has recently emerged as a new promising class of electrolytes, primarily owing to their wide electrochemical stability windows (~3–4 V), that by far exceed the thermodynamic stability window of water (1.23 V). Upon increasing the salt concentration towards superconcentration the onset of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) shifts more significantly than the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) does. The OER shift has been explained by the accumulation of hydrophobic anions blocking water access to the electrode surface, hence by double layer theory. Here we demonstrate that the processes during oxidation are much more complex, involving OER, carbon and salt decomposition by OER intermediates, and salt precipitation upon local oversaturation. The positive shift in the onset potential of oxidation currents was elucidated by combining several advanced analysis techniques: rotating ring-disk electrode voltammetry, online electrochemical mass spectrometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, using both dilute and superconcentrated electrolytes. The results demonstrate the importance of reactive OER intermediates and surface films for electrolyte and electrode stability and motivate further studies of the nature of the electrode.}, author = {Maffre, Marion and Bouchal, Roza and Freunberger, Stefan Alexander and Lindahl, Niklas and Johansson, Patrik and Favier, Frédéric and Fontaine, Olivier and Bélanger, Daniel}, issn = {1945-7111}, journal = {Journal of The Electrochemical Society}, keywords = {Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Electrochemistry, Materials Chemistry, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Condensed Matter Physics}, number = {5}, publisher = {IOP Publishing}, title = {{Investigation of electrochemical and chemical processes occurring at positive potentials in “Water-in-Salt” electrolytes}}, doi = {10.1149/1945-7111/ac0300}, volume = {168}, year = {2021}, } @article{9462, abstract = {We consider a system of N trapped bosons with repulsive interactions in a combined semiclassical mean-field limit at positive temperature. We show that the free energy is well approximated by the minimum of the Hartree free energy functional – a natural extension of the Hartree energy functional to positive temperatures. The Hartree free energy functional converges in the same limit to a semiclassical free energy functional, and we show that the system displays Bose–Einstein condensation if and only if it occurs in the semiclassical free energy functional. This allows us to show that for weak coupling the critical temperature decreases due to the repulsive interactions.}, author = {Deuchert, Andreas and Seiringer, Robert}, issn = {1096-0783}, journal = {Journal of Functional Analysis}, number = {6}, publisher = {Elsevier}, title = {{Semiclassical approximation and critical temperature shift for weakly interacting trapped bosons}}, doi = {10.1016/j.jfa.2021.109096}, volume = {281}, year = {2021}, } @inproceedings{9464, abstract = {We firstly introduce the self-assembled growth of highly uniform Ge quantum wires with controllable position, distance and length on patterned Si (001) substrates. We then present the electrically tunable strong spin-orbit coupling, the first Ge hole spin qubit and ultrafast operation of hole spin qubit in the Ge/Si quantum wires.}, author = {Gao, Fei and Zhang, Jie Yin and Wang, Jian Huan and Ming, Ming and Wang, Tina and Zhang, Jian Jun and Watzinger, Hannes and Kukucka, Josip and Vukušić, Lada and Katsaros, Georgios and Wang, Ke and Xu, Gang and Li, Hai Ou and Guo, Guo Ping}, booktitle = {2021 5th IEEE Electron Devices Technology and Manufacturing Conference, EDTM 2021}, isbn = {9781728181769}, location = {Virtual, Online}, publisher = {IEEE}, title = {{Ge/Si quantum wires for quantum computing}}, doi = {10.1109/EDTM50988.2021.9420817}, year = {2021}, } @article{9465, abstract = {Given a locally finite set 𝑋⊆ℝ𝑑 and an integer 𝑘≥0, we consider the function 𝐰𝑘:Del𝑘(𝑋)→ℝ on the dual of the order-k Voronoi tessellation, whose sublevel sets generalize the notion of alpha shapes from order-1 to order-k (Edelsbrunner et al. in IEEE Trans Inf Theory IT-29:551–559, 1983; Krasnoshchekov and Polishchuk in Inf Process Lett 114:76–83, 2014). While this function is not necessarily generalized discrete Morse, in the sense of Forman (Adv Math 134:90–145, 1998) and Freij (Discrete Math 309:3821–3829, 2009), we prove that it satisfies similar properties so that its increments can be meaningfully classified into critical and non-critical steps. This result extends to the case of weighted points and sheds light on k-fold covers with balls in Euclidean space.}, author = {Edelsbrunner, Herbert and Nikitenko, Anton and Osang, Georg F}, issn = {14208997}, journal = {Journal of Geometry}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, title = {{A step in the Delaunay mosaic of order k}}, doi = {10.1007/s00022-021-00577-4}, volume = {112}, year = {2021}, }